配电网无功功率优化研究

配电网无功功率优化研究配电网无功功率优化研究配电网无功功率优化研究摘要配电网的无功功率的有效优化与合理控制既能提高电力系统运行时的电压质量，也能有效减少网损，节约能源，是保证电力系统安全经济运行的重要措施,对电网调度和规划具有重要的指导意义。无功优化的核心问题主要集中在数学模型和优化算法两方面，其中数学模型问题是根据解决问题的重点不同来选取不同的目标函数；而优化算法的研究则大量集中在提高计算速度、改善收敛性能上。本文选取有功网损最小作为数学模型的目标函数，数学模型的约束条件有各节点的注入有功、无功功率的等式约束和各节点电压、发电机输出无功功率、可调变压器变比、并联补偿电容量、发电机机端电压均在各自的上下限之内的不等式约束，优化方法采用遗传算法。设计和编制了牛顿拉夫逊直角坐标matlab潮流计算程序以及遗传算法无功优化的matlab潮流计算程序。通过IEEE30节点系统的算例分析，得出基于遗传算法的无功优化能有效降低系统网损、提高电压水平，验证了该算法在解决多变量、非线性、不连续、多约束问题时的独特优势，并指出了该算法的不足之处以及如何改善。关键词：牛顿拉夫逊法，无功优化，遗传算法配电网无功功率优化研究ResearchofReactivePowerOptimizationDistributionNetworkABSTRACTReactivepowerwithreasonableoptimizationandcontrolofPowersystemcannotonlyimprovethestabilityofpowersystem,butalsoeffectivelyreducenetworklossesandsaveenergy.Itensuresthesafetyandeconomicoperationofpowersystemsandimprovethevoltagequality.Itisimportantforplanningdepartmentsongridreactivepowerscheduling.Reactivepoweroptimizationfocusesonmathematicalmodelsandoptimizationalgorithms.Themathematicalmodelisselecteddependingonthefocusofproblem-solving.Optimizationalgorithmisconcentratedinimprovingthecalculationspeedandimprovetheconvergenceperformance.Thispaperselectstheactivepowerlossminimumobjectivefunctionasamathematicalmodel,theconstraintsofmathematicalmodelareeachnodeoftheinjectedactiveandreactivepowerequalityconstraintandthenodevoltageandreactivepowerofgeneratoroutput,adjustabletransformerratio,parallelcapacitancecompensation,thegeneratorterminalvoltagewithintherespectiveupperandlowerlimitsoftheinequalityconstraints,optimizationmethodusinggeneticalgorithms.DesignCartesiancoordinateNewtonRaphsonpowerflowcalculationmethodandgeneticalgorithmmatlabcalculatethereactivepoweroptimizationprocedures.ThroughanumericalexampleoftheIEEE30nodesystem,wecandrawreactivepoweroptimizationbasedongeneticalgorithmcaneffectivelyreducesystemlossandimprovevoltagelevelandverifythealgorithmhaveuniqueadvantagestosolvemultivariable,nonlinear,discontinuous,multi-constraintproblem.Keywords:NewtonRaphsonmethod;reactivepoweroptimization;geneticalgorithm配电网无功功率优化研究目录第一章绪论..............................................................................................................................31.1引言..............................................................................................................................11.2配电网的特点..............................................................................................................21.3无功优化的基本概念..................................................................................................31.4无功优化的数学模型..................................................................................................31.5现状和发展趋势..........................................................................................................3第二章基于牛顿-拉夫逊法的潮流计算.................................................................................42.1电力系统潮流计算方法概述......................................................................................42.2节点导纳矩阵..............................................................................................................42.3牛顿-拉夫逊法的计算.................................................................................................52.4牛顿-拉夫逊发的基本流程.........................................................错误!未定义书签。第三章电力系统无功优化问题及其遗传算法优化求解....................................................133.1无功优化问题描述及其模型....................................................................................133.2遗传算法的理论基础................................................................................................143.3遗传算法基本原理及操作过程................................................................................153.3.1适应度函数定标..............................................................................................153.3.2初始解的形成..................................................................................................153.3.3遗传操作..........................................................................................................163.4基于遗传算法的无功优化与电压控制实现的步骤................................................173.2遗传算法的流程图....................................................................................................20第四章算例分析....................................................................................................................204.1IEEE14节点系统.......................................................................................................214.2IEEE14节点系统算例分析.........................................................错误!未定义书签。4.3IEEE30节点系统.......................................................................................................214.4IEEE30节点系统算例分析.........................................................错误!未定义书签。第五章结论与展望................................................................................................................27配电网无功功率优化研究参考文献..................................................................................................................................33附录A遗传算法无功优化matlab程序..................