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常用的对照关联词1)先后次序关系：first;second;atlast;next；previously;eventually；lastbutnotleast；tobeginwith；tostartwith；toendwith；finally；sincethen；firstofall；afterwards.2)因果关系：because；becauseofthis；since；as；for；owingto；dueto；forthereasonthat...；anotherimportantfactor／reasonof...；inviewof考虑到；forthisreason;asaresult；asaresultofthis；therefore；consequently；thus；hence；so；sothat...；inconsequence；asaconsequence；undertheseconditions.3)转折关系：but；evenso；however；though；eventhough；despitethat；inspiteofthat；regardlessof;yet...；4)并列关系：and;also；too；aswellas；either...，or...；both...and...5)(补充)递进关系：furthermore；moreover；Inthisway；notonly...butalso...；not...but...；inaddition(to)；additionally,next,besides；asfaras...isconcerned；inotherwords；ontheonehand...，ontheotherhand...；asapoplarsayinggoes...；atthesametime；meanwhile；inthefirstplace...，inthesecondplace...;6)比较关系：similarly;incomparisonwith；whencomparedwith；comparedwith；similarlyimportant；apartfrom；...ratherthan...，bydoingso；both…and...;inthesameway;notonly...but(also).7)对照(不同点)：yet;still;forallofthat;rather;neither...nor;although;though;but;however;yet;unlike；incontrast(to)；onthecontrary；differentfromthis；asopposedtothis8)用以举例的过渡词：forexample,asanotherexample,forinstance,thus,suchas,like,toillustratetake…asanexample9)用以表示总结的过渡词tosumup,finally,inconclusion,atlast,inshort，inaword，inthelongrun，hence,insummary，therefore常用句型1.开头1.Recently,theproblemof…hasarousedpeople’sconcern.(arise,arose,arisen)最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.(socialsecurity)2.Internethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourdailylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题.3.Nowadays,(overpopulation)hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.4.Itiscommonly/generallybelievedthat…/Itisacommonbeliefthat…人们一般认为…5.Manypeopleinsistthat…很多人坚持认为…6.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat…(withthehelp/assistanceofsb.)随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…7.Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat…(Itseemstomanypeoplethat…)2.引出不同观点:People’sviewson…varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat….However,othersbelievethat….人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为…然而其他人却认为..Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson…人们对…可能会有不同的见解.Attitudestowards(drug-abuse)varyfrompersontoperson.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…关于….人们的观点大不相同.Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestowards(failure).对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.3.结尾endingTakingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wenaturallycometotheconclusionthat…(drawaconclusion)把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat…考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论…Hence/Therefore,we’dbettercometotheconclusionthat…因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…Thereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsshortcomingsaswellasmerits.(advantages,disadvantages)毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.Allinall,wecannotlivewithout…Butatthesametimewemusttrytofindnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.dealwith/solve/settle,seek,inoneword总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.4.提出建议Itishightimethatweputanendtothe(trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.Itistimetotaketheadviceof…andtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementof…该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时了.Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof…毫无疑问,对…问题应予以足够的重视.Obviously…Ifwewanttodosomething…,itisessentialthat…clearly,apparently,vital,advisable显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是…Onlyinthiswaycanwe…只有这样,我们才能…倒装Itmustberealized/pointedoutthat…我们必须意识到/指出…5.预示后果:Obviously,ifwedon’tcontroltheproblem,therearechancesthatwillleadusindanger.很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.Nodoubt,unlesswetakeeffectivemeasuresitisverylikelythat…(undoubtedly)毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…Itisurgentthatimmediatemeasuresshouldbetakentostopthesituation.(prevent)很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.6.论证Frommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefirstopinionratherthanthesecond.Inmyopinion,itseemstomethat…在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat…我无法完全同意这一观点….Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof…就个人而言,我站在…的一边.Isincerelybelievethat…我真诚地相信…Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodo…thantodo….在我个人看来,做…比做…更明智.Finally,tobefrank,thereisalsoamorepracticalreasonwhy…7.给出原因:Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.First,…Second,…Third,…这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先,…第二Therearemanyreasonsthatcanaccountforthisphenomenon.Whydid…?Foronething…Foranother….Perhapsthe……Whenaskedabout…,thevast/majorityof/most/many/quiteafewpeoplesay/think/believe/answerthat….Butotherpeopleregard/view/see/thinkof…as…//Ithink/viewquite/abitdifferently.8.图表作文中常用的词、句、结构泛指一份数据图表：adata/graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼图：piechart直方图或柱形图：barchart/histogram趋势曲线图：linechart/curvediagram表格图：table流程图或过程图：flowchart/sequencediagram程序图：processing/proceduresdiagramdata的具体表达法:data在某一个时间段固定不变：fixedintime在一系列的时间段中转变：changesovertime持续变化的data在不同情况下:增加：increase/raise/rise/goup/jump/soar/climbup/growup...减少：decrease/growdown/drop/fall/decline/reduce...波动：fluctuate/wave...稳定：remainstable/stabilize/goonsteadily/staythesame/little(hardlyany/no)change...图表作文基本句型1.Thetable/chart/diagram/graphshows/describes/illustrates(that)…2.Accordingtothetable/chartdiagram/graph,…3.Asisshowninthetable/chartdiagram/graph,…4.As/Itcan