搜索
12017-2018学年河南省洛阳市高二（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ATechnologyisthecollectionoftechniques，skills，methods，andprocessesusedintheproductionofgoodsorservicesorintheaccomplishmentofobjectives，suchasscientificresearch．Technologycanbetheknowledgeoftechniques，processes，andthelike．Thesimplestformoftechnologyisthedevelopmentanduseofbasictools．TheprehistoricdiscoveryofhowtocontrolfireandthelaterNeolithicRevolutionincreasedtheavailablesourcesoffood，andtheinventionofthewheelhelpedhumanstotravelinandcontroltheirenvironment．Developmentsinhistorictimes，includingtheprintingpress，thetelephone，andtheInternet，havelessenedphysicalbarrierstocommunicationandallowedhumanstointeractfreelyonaglobalscale．Dictionariesandscholarshaveofferedavarietyofdefinitions．TheMerriam-WebsterLearner'sDictionaryoffersadefinitionoftheterm：theuseofscienceinindustry，engineering，etc．，toinventusefulthingsortosolveproblemsandamachine，pieceofequipment，method，etc．，thatiscreatedbytechnology．UrsulaFranklin，inher1989RealWorldofTechnologylecture，gaveanotherdefinitionoftheconcept；itispractice，thewaywedothingsaroundhere．Thetermisoftenusedtoimplyaspecificfieldoftechnology，ortorefertohightechnologyorjustconsumerelectronics，ratherthantechnologyasawhole．Technologycanbemostbroadlydefinedasthethings，bothmaterialandimmaterial，createdbytheapplicationofmentalandphysicaleffortinordertoachievesomevalue．Inthisusage，technologyreferstotoolsandmachinesthatmaybeusedtosolvereal-worldproblems．Itisafar-reachingtermthatmayincludesimpletools，suchasacrowbarorwoodenspoon，ormorecomplexmachines，suchasaspacestationorparticleaccelerator．Thewordtechnologycanalsobeusedtorefertoacollectionoftechniques．Inthiscontext，itisthecurrentstateofhumanity'sknowledgeofhowtocombineresourcestoproducedesiredproducts，tosolveproblems，ful6l1needs，orsatisfywants；itincludestechnicalmethods，skills，processes，techniques，toolsandrawmaterials．Whencombinedwithanotherterm，suchasmedicaltechnologyorspacetechnology，itreferstothestateoftherespectivefield'sknowledgeandtools．1.What'stheeasiestformoftechnology？______A.Thetechniquesusedintheproductionofgoods．B.Theuseofscienceinindustryandengineering．C.Thedevelopmentanduseofbasictools．D.Theknowledgeofhowtocombineresources．2.What'sthedefinitionofUrsulaFranklinabouttechnology？______A.Itisinventingusefulthingsorsolveproblems．B.Itispractice，thewaywedothingsaroundhere．C.Itisamachine，createdbytechnology．D.Itistoolsandmachines，usedtosolvereal-worldproblems．3.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordItinparagraph4referto？______A.Simpletoolssuchasacrowbarorwoodenspoon．B.Morecomplexmachinessuchasaspacestation．第!异常的公式结尾页，共15页2C.Theapplicationofmentalandphysicaleffort．D.Thetechnologyusedtosolvereal-worldproblems．4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext？______A.Theusagesoftechnology．B.Thedefinitionsoftechnology．C.Theapplicationsoftechnology．D.Thecontentsoftechnology．【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】B【解析】1--4CBDB1．C．细节理解题．根据第二段Thesimplestformoftechnologyisthedevelopmentanduseofbasictools可知，最简单的科技形式就是基础工具的发展和应用．故选C．2．B．细节理解题．根据第三段UrsulaFranklin，inher1989RealWorldofTechnologylecture，gaveanotherdefinitionoftheconcept；itispractice，thewaywedothingsaroundhere可知，乌苏拉•富兰克林，在她1989年现实世界的技术讲座，给了另一个定义--实践，我们在这里做事情的方式．故选B．3．D．词义猜测题．根据第四段Inthisusage，technologyreferstotoolsandmachinesthatmaybeusedtosolvereal-worldproblems．Itisafar-reachingterm可知，此处的it指代前文提到的内容，即我们用来解决真实世界问题的科技．故选D．4．B．主旨大意题．根据全文可知，本文主要从字典、人们的使用等方面介绍technology的定义．故选B．本文为科教类阅读，文章主要从字典、人们的使用等方面介绍technology的定义，包括广义定义和狭义定义．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．BAugustorAuggiePullman，aten-year-oldboylivinginNewYorkCity，wasbornwithafacialdeformity（畸形）thathasmadeitdifficultforhimtomakefriends．Heliveswithhisparents，hisoldersisterVia，andhisdogDaisy．Hehasbeenhomeschooledupuntilthefifthgrade，buthisparentshavedecidedthatitistimeforhimtogotoarealschool．TheyenrollhiminBeecherPrep，aneighborhoodprivateschool，andtakehimtomeettheprincipal，Mr．Tushman．WhileAugustisthere，someofthekidswhowillbeinAugust'sgradetakehimonatouroftheschool；oneofthem，JackWill，isnice，butanother，Julian，isnoticeablyrude．Jackisnicetohim，andAugustbelieveshehasfoundafriend．Augustsettlesintothefirstfewmonthsofschoolandhisclassmatesslowlygetused：tothewayhisfacelooks．Heisfriendlytoothersandperformswellinclass．HebecomesfriendswithJack，andwithagirlnamedSummerwhositswithhimatlunchonthefirstday．However，thingsgetworseonHalloween，typicallyAugust'sfavoritedayoftheyear，whenAugustoverhearsJacksaytoJulianandsomeotherboysthathewouldkillhimselfifhelookedlikeAugust．HealsosaysheisonlynicetoAugustbecauseMr．Tushmanaskedhimtobe．JackiscompletelyunawarethatAugusthimselfissittingnearby，dressedinaBleeding3Screamcostume．AugustgetshurtdeeplyandstopstalkingtoJack．WhenJackfindsthetruth，hefeelsguiltyaboutbeingmean．HereallydoeswanttobefriendswithAugust．Oneday，JackhitsJulianforsayingmeanthingsaboutAugust．Afterthat，JackandAugustbecomefriendsandstarteatinglunchtogetherwithSummer，Atawildernesscamp，AugustisattackedbyagroupofseventhgradersinordertoprotectJack．Henry，AmosandMiles，Julia