英国文学史及选读--复习要点总结

1《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点1.Beowulf:nationalepicoftheEnglishpeople;Denmarkstory;alliteration,metaphorsandunderstatements（此处可能会有填空，选择等小题）2.Romance（名词解释）3.“SirGawainandtheGreenKnight”:afamousromanaboutKingArthur’sstory4.Ballad（名词解释）5.CharacterofRobinHood6.GeoffreyChaucer:founderofEnglishpoetry;TheCanterburyTales(maincontents;124storiesplanned,only24finished;writteninMiddleEnglish;significance;form:heroiccouplet)7.Heroiccouplet(名词解释)8.Renaissance（名词解释）9.ThomasMore——Utopia10.Sonnet（名词解释）11.Blankverse（名词解释）12.EdmundSpenser“TheFaerieQueene”13.FrancisBacon“essays”esp.“OfStudies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读）14.WilliamShakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读）15.JohnMilton三大史诗非常重要，特别是ParadiseLost和SamsonAgonistes。对于ParadiseLost需要知道它是blankverse写成的，故事情节来自OldTestament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。16.JohnBunyan——ThePilgrim’sProgress17.FounderoftheMetaphysicalschool——JohnDonne;featuresoftheschool:philosophicalpoems,complexrhythmsandstrangeimages.18.Enlightenment（名词解释）19.Neoclassicism（名词解释）20.RichardSteele——“TheTatler”21.JosephAddison——“TheSpectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。22.Steel’sandAddison’sstylesandtheircontributions23.AlexanderPope:“EssayonCriticism”,“EssayonMan”,“TheRapeofLock”,“TheDunciad”;hisworkmanship(features)andlimitations24.JonathanSwift:“Gulliver’sTravels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象;（我们主要讲了三个地方）“AModestProposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony也就是反讽手法。25.Theriseandgrowthoftherealisticnovelisthemostprominentachievementof18thcenturyEnglishliterature.26.DanielDefoe:“RobinsonCrusoe”,“MollFlanders”,当然是RobinsonCrusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，RobinsonCrusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunnerofEnglishrealisticnovel。27.SamuelRichardson——“Pamela”(firstepistolarynovel),“ClarissaHarlowe”,“SirCharlesGrandison”28.HenryFielding:“JosephAndrews”,“JonathanWild”,“TomJones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为fatheroftheEnglishnovel.29.LaurenceSterne——“TristramShandy”项狄传30.RichardSheridan——“TheSchoolforScandal”31.OliverGoldsmith——“TheTraveller”(poem),“TheDesertedVillage”(poem)(bothtwopoemswerewrittenbyheroiccouplet),“TheVicarofWakefield”(novel),“TheGood-NaturedMan”(comedy),“ShestoopstoConquer”2(comedy),“TheCitizenoftheWorld”(collectionofessays)32.Sentimentalism（名词解释）33.ThomasGray——“ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard”（英国诗歌里非常著名的一首，曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”）(arepresentativeofsentimentalismandgraveyardschoolofpoets墓园派诗人)*GraveyardSchool/Poets”:Atermappliedtoeighteenth-centurypoetswhowrotemeditativepoems,usuallysetinagraveyard,onthethemeofhumanmortality,inmoodswhichrangefromelegiacpensivenesstoprofoundgloom.ThevogueresultedinoneofthemostwidelyknownEnglishpoems,ThomasGray’s“Elegywritteninacountrychurchyard”.ThewritingofgraveyardpoemsspreadfromEnglandtoContinentalliteratureinthesecondpartofthecenturyandalsoinfluencedsomeAmericanpoets.34.Inthelatterhalfofthe18thcentury,Pre-Romanticism;representative:WilliamBlakeandRobertBurns.35.ThomasPercy——“ReliquesofAncientEnglishpoetry”许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的，这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。36.WilliamBlake比较重要，需要对主要作品有所了解，特别是SongsofInnocence和SongsofExperience,这两本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的写作特点也要注意，比如语言的简单明了，神秘主义氛围等。37.RobertBurns伟大的苏格兰民族诗人,ARedRedRose,ScotsWhaHae,AuldLangSyne等名诗，写作特点:Scottishdialect;apoetofpeasantandScottishpeople;plainlanguage;influencefromScottishfolksongsandballads;musicalqualityofhispoems.《英国文学史及选读》第二册练习题I.浪漫主义时期I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandputtheletterinthebrackets.1.EnglishRomanticismisgenerallysaidtohavebegunwith__A_in1798.A.thepublicationofLyricalBalladsB.thedeathofSirScottC.thebirthofWilliamWordsworthD.thepassageofthefirstReformBillintheParliament2.TheRomanticPeriodisfirstofallanageof__B___.A.NovelB.poetryC.dramaD.prose3.Romanticismdoesnotemphasize__D___.A.thespecialqualitiesofeachindividual’smindB.theinnerworldofthehumanspiritC.individualityD.thefeaturesthatmenhaveincommon4.___B__isnotaRomanticpoet.A.WilliamBlakeB.SirScottC.P.B.ShelleyD.LordByron5._C____isaRomanticnovelistbutisimpressedwithneo-classicstrains.A.WalterScottB.MaryShelleyC.JaneAustenD.AnnRadcliff6.____C_isnotcharacteristicofWilliamBlake’swriting.A.plainanddirectlanguageB.compressionofmeaning3C.supernaturalqualityD.symbolism7.WordsworthpublishedLyricalBalladsin1789with__B___.A.ByronB.ColeridgeC.ShelleyD.Keats8.Wordsworththinksthat_D____istheonlysubjectofliteraryinterest.A.thelifeofrisingbourgeoisieB.aristocraticlifeC.thelifeoftheroyalfamilyD.commonlife9.DonJuanisthemasterpieceof__A___.A.LordByron’sB.P.B.Shelley’sC.JohnKeats’sD.SamuelColeridge’s10._A____isnotanovelwrittenbyJaneAusten.A.JaneEyreB.SenseandSensibilityC.PrideandPrejudiceD.EmmaII.Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswithaproperwordoraphraseaccordingtothetextbook.1.Inessence,Romanticismdesignatesaliteraryandphilosophicaltheorywhichtendstoseethe__.individual___astheverycenterofalllifeandallexperience.2.F