第四讲产品和专利信息检索

Lecture8PatentInformationRetrievalSoochowUniversityLibrary陈家翠2019/8/24SUL–JaneChenOutline1.AboutPatentLiterature2.ChinesePatentInformationRetrieval3.ForeignPatentInformationRetrievalReference：–JaneChen1.AboutPatentLiterature①Whatisapatent?②Whysearchthepatentliterature?③Theclassificationofpatentdocuments④IPC(InternationalPatentClassification)?2019/8/24SUL–JaneChen①Whatisapatent?Amonopolyforabout20yearsinthecountryinwhichthepatentisissued.Itgivesthepatentownerexclusiverightstoexcludeothersfrommakingorsellingtheinvention.ChinesePatentsaregrantedbytheStateIntellectualPropertyOfficeofPRC.ApatentheldinChinaonlymeansthatyourrightsinChinaareprotected.Inventorsmustfilepatentsinseveralplacestogetcomprehensivecoverage.Thismeansthattherearemany,manyplacestofindpatentliterature.Morethan3millionChinesepatentshavebeenawardeduntilmidof2006.Thereare3typesofpatents:Utility(32.4%),UtilityModelandDesign(67.6%).Thereare3typesofpatents:Utility(91%),Design(9%),Plant(0.5%).2019/8/24SUL–JaneChen①Whatisapatentliterature?专利文献是实行专利制度的国家及国际性专利组织在审批专利过程中产生的官方文件及其出版物的总称。本标准所称“专利文献”是指国家知识产权局按照法定程序公布的专利申请文件和公告的授权专利文件。广义的专利文献包括：专利申请说明书专利说明书专利公报专利分类表专利索引等狭义的专利文献包括：专利申请说明书专利说明书2019/8/24SUL–JaneChen②Whysearchthepatentliterature?Identifynewresearchfrontsand/orlicensingopportunitiesAvoidduplicationofresearcheffortsTolearnhowsomethingworks(diagrams,detaileddescription)Tofindinformationonacompany’sactivities,oridentifyexpertsinafieldGainprotectionforanideaorinventionItisestimatedthat85-90%oftechnicalinformationdisclosedinpatentsappearnoplaceelse2019/8/24SUL–JaneChen③TheclassificationofpatentdocumentsTheprimarypurposeofclassificationsystemsistofacilitatethesearchingandretrievingofpatentdocumentsbypatentofficesandotherusers.Variousclassificationsystemsexist,andmosthavebeendesignedsothateachtechnicalaspectsofaninventiontowhichapatentdocumentrelatescanbeclassifiedasawhole.Apatentdocumentmaycontainseveraltechnicalaspectsofaninvention,andthereforebeallocatedseveralclassificationsymbols.2019/8/24SUL–JaneChen④IPCPublishedandmanagedbytheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization(WIPO;ItisasingleinternationalsystemusedbytheEuropeanPatentOffice(EPO)andsome80othercountries;IntheIPC,aninventionisclassifiedaccordingtoitsfunction(howitoperates),exceptwhenitsapplicationalonedeterminesitstechnicalcharacteristics;Versionsarerevisedand,ifrequired,amendedevery5yearsbyaninternationalcommitteeofexperts.Thecurrentversion(8th)hasbeeninforcesinceJanuary1,2006.2019/8/24SUL–JaneChen④IPC(contd.)SECTIONA—HUMANNECESSITIESSECTIONB—PERFORMINGOPERATIONS;TRANSPORTINGSECTIONC—CHEMISTRY;METALLURGYSECTIOND—TEXTILES;PAPERSECTIONE—FIXEDCONSTRUCTIONSSECTIONF—MECHANICALENGINEERING;LIGHTING;HEATING;WEAPONS;BLASTINGSECTIONG—PHYSICSSECTIONH—ELECTRICITYFrom:–JaneChen④IPC(contd.)A部—人类生活必需品B部—作业、运输C部—化学、冶金D部—纺织、造纸E部—固定建筑物F部—机械工程、照明、加热、武器、爆破G部—物理H部—电学2019/8/24SUL–JaneChen2.ChinesePatentInformationRetrieval①②–JaneChen3.ForeignPatentInformationRetrievalTheforeignpatentsretrievalusuallyshouldincludesevencountries（Australia、Germany、France、Britain、Japan、Russia、USA）andtwoorganizations(EPO、WIPO).EuropeanandWorldPatents：USPTOPatentDatabase：JapanesePatent：CanadianPatentsDatabase：–JaneChenReferences1.://