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2012高考阅读理解解题技巧猜词Ifyoucomeacrossthenewwordswhenreading,Whatwillyoudo?•Ignore(忽略）themandcontinuereading•Lookthemupinthedictionary•GuessthemeaningHowtoguessthemeaningsofwords高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：１、理解主旨要义；２、理解文中具体信息；３、根据上下文推断生词的词义；４、作出简单判断和理解；５、理解文章的基本结构；６、理解作者的意图和态度。词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：1.Theword“…”refersto/probablymeans/couldbestbereplacedby_______.2.Theword“…”ismostlikelytomean______.3.Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“…”standsfor?4.Theunderlinedword“…”means______.......Lead-in(导入)上下文构词法猜测词意1.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle------thatis,itwillbreakeasily.2.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.3.Acalendarisalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.1.定义、解释或举例Guessadj.易碎的\脆的n.牧人n.日历小结通过定义,定语从句/同位语/词或词组(is;was;mean;thatis;that’stosay;or;namely;inotherwords;toputitanotherway;i.e,suchas;like;especially;forinstance;forexample)破折号、冒号等来确定词义Ex1…Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromtheshopwithoutpayingforthem.…Whatdoestheword“shoplifter”mean?A.商店里的小偷B.商店里的推销员C.商店里的老客户D.商店里的搬运工•Usingwordformation（构词法）prefix(前缀）suffix（后缀）un-baseword(词根）forget-able2.根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.(2003NMET)unconditional:无条件的,绝对的adj.conditionconditional情况，条件n.有条件的adj.unconditional:nonjudgmental:没有判断力的judgejudgmentjudgmental判断v.判断n.adj.nonjudgmental:-er-or-ian-ist-ese-ess后缀,构成可数名词猜一猜:solutiondruggistelectriciangreatnessreminder构词法-ment-tion-ness-sion-ery-ing后缀,构成抽象名词dis-in-mis-un-non-否定前缀re-co-mini-over-super-pre-post-vice-en-tele-其它前缀重复共同,平等小过度超出---后副的使--可能远程---前猜一猜:minicarpostwarsupermarketpreviewpreschoolrecallirrelative微型汽车战后超市预习学前回忆,回想无关系的nonstandarddisloyalunlockco-workeroveractivevicepresident不标准的不忠诚的开锁合作者过分活跃副总统-al-ble-ern-ful-ish-ive-less-y-ly-ous形容词后缀enizeify动词后缀e.g.weakenrealizesatisfy猜猜:strengthensimplifymountainouscourageouschangeablelifelesshillyfictional3.根据同义词，反义词关系1.Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.2.Ifyouagree,write“Yes”;ifyoudissent,write“No”.3.Inmanynationstherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth．and,or,suchas,like，forexample,forinstance常连接同义词组。小结取代不同意非常贫穷1.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becauseshewasusingthewrongkey.2.Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.徒劳的Guess4.根据因果关系小结全神贯注常用关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult,so…that,such…that，therefore等)表示前因后果。Ex---Rubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.adj.弹性的adj.混浊的Ourmathsprofessorclaimsthatalltheproblemshegivesusaresimpleones，however，wefeelthattheyareintricateandhardtosolve.5.根据对比和转折关系表转折关系的词常有如but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,though，onthecontrary等。小结复杂的1.TheweatherinHawaiiisalwaysmild.Itispleasantandwarm.Thereisusuallyalightwindtocooltheair.2.Earlyhumanbeingsusedveryfragilehousesandboats.Oftenstrongwindswouldtearroofsfromhousesorcausehighwavesthatendangeredtravelers.People'sfoodsuppliesweresimilarlyvulnerableTheunderlinedwordvulnerablemeans：A.impossibletomakesureofB.likelytobeprotectedC.easytodamageD.difficulttofind温和的6.根据上下文线索1.Inolddays,whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands,theyexpectedtobringwiththemselvesalargequantityofdowry.2.Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecold.嫁妆7.根据生活经验,生活常识,逻辑推理枯萎3.Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.冷缩麻药•4.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.••5.Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontractswhencooled.波纹膨胀Ex.◎Oneofsymptomscausedbythepeculiarillnessisahighfever.◎Becausethischemicalliquidishighlyvolatile,wemustkeepitinabottlewhichhasatightlid.◎Inthestrongwind,thebeggarshiveredwiththeterriblecold.症状易挥发的颤抖因果猜构词法Howtoguessthemeaningofwords?定义同/反义词对比转折上下文生活常识同位语小试身手1.Albert’ssuccessaftermucheffortandpracticeprovesthevalueofpersistence.A.timeB.competitionC.perseverance2.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becausehewasusingthewrongkey.A.成功的B.徒劳的C.有效的D.匆促的3.ThoughMr.Smithhasbeenmanagerforjust3months,hehasalreadymademuchgreaterachievementsthanhispredecessors.A.上级B.前任C.同事D.下级祝功成你!4.Shedidn’thearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.A.心不在焉的B.紧张的C.全神贯注的D.睡意浓的5.Twelve-year-oldSallywasanactivegirl.Buthersisterwasquitesedate.A.prettyB.calmC.protectiveD.energetic6.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever祝功成你!7.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest8.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.A.townB.capitalC.countryD.house9.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginScho