alice walker

吴珍平273ContentsIntroduction12Selectedawardsandhonors3Thecolorpurple4Writingcareer4Introduction•ShewasbornonFebruary9th1944inasmallruraltownofapoorfamily.•theyoungestofeightchildren,herparentssupplementedthefamilyincomebyworkingasamaidandasharecropper（佃农）.•Growingupwithanoraltradition,listeningtostoriesfromhergrandfather,Walkerwaswriting—veryprivately—sinceshewaseightyearsold.5•Attheageof8,shelostsightofoneeyebyaccident.Shewentontobecomevaledictorian（致告别词的学生代表）ofherlocalschoolandattendedSpelmanCollege,SarahLwrenceCollegebyscholarship,graduatingin1965.•ShewaseveninvitedtoMartinLutherKing'shomebecauseshehadattendedtheYouthWorldPeaceFestival.6•LaterexperiencesinUgandaandKenyamostprobablyhelpedhertounderstandtheAfricanculture.•Shegrewupinthemidstofviolentracismandpovertywhichinfluencedherlaterwritings.7•AliceWalkerisanAfricanAmericannovelist,short-storywriter,poet,essayist,andactivist.•thefirstblackwomanwhowonthePulitzerPrizeforFiction(普利策小说奖)andNationalBookAward(国家图书奖)•participatedincivilrightsdemonstrations.•coinedthewordWomanist(妇女主义者)forablackfeministorfeministofcolor.•Shealsocontinuestobeactiveinenvironment,feministcauses,andissuesofeconomicjustice.8Blackfeminism•arguesthatsexism,classoppression,andracismareinextricablyboundtogether.Formsoffeminismthatstrivetoovercomesexismandclassoppressionbutignoreracecandiscriminateagainstmanypeople,includingwomen,throughracialbias.OneofthetheoriesthatevolvedoutofthismovementwasAliceWalker'sWomanism.9Womanism•ThewordwomanismwasadaptedfromAliceWalker’suseoftheterminherbookInSearchofOurMother’sGarden:WomanistProse.•Inherbook,Walkerusedthewordtodescribetheperspectiveandexperiencesofwomenofcolor.•AlthoughmostWomanistscholarshipcentersontheAfricanAmericanwoman'sexperience,othernon-whitetheoristsidentifythemselveswiththisterm.10Writingcareer•1968—Once:Poems•1970—TheThirdLifeofGrangeCopeland•1973—RevolutionaryPetunias&OtherPoems•1973—InLove&Trouble:StoriesofBlackWomen•1974—LangstonHughes,AmericanPoet•1976—Meridian•1979—ILoveMyselfWhenIAmLaughing...•1979—GoodNight,WillieLee,I'llSeeYouintheMorning•1981—YouCan'tKeepaGoodWomanDown:Stories•1982—TheColorPurple•1984—InSearchofOurMothers'Gardens:WomanistProse•1984—HorsesMakeaLandscapeLookMoreBeautiful•1988—ToHellWithDying11•1988—LivingbytheWord•1989—TheTempleofMyFamiliar•1991—HerBlueBodyEverythingWeKnow:•EarthlingPoems1965-1990Complete•1991—FindingtheGreenStone•1992—PossessingtheSecretofJoy•1993—WarriorMarks•1996—AliceWalker:Banned•1996—TheSameRiverTwice:HonoringtheDifficult•1997—AnythingWeLoveCanBeSaved:AWriter'sActivism•1998—BytheLightofMyFather'sSmile•2000—TheWayForwardIswithaBrokenHeart•2001—SentbyEarth:AMessagefromtheGrandmotherSpirit•AftertheBombingoftheWorldTradeCenterandthePentagon•2003—AbsoluteTrustintheGoodnessoftheEarth:NewPoems•2003—APoemTraveledDownMyArm:PoemsandDrawings•2004—NowIstheTimetoOpenYourHeart•2005—PemaChodronAndAliceWalkerinConversation-AudioCD•2006—ThereIsaFlowerattheTipofMyNoseSmellingMe•2006—WeAretheOnesWeHaveBeenWaitingFor12MainWorks《格兰奇科普兰的第三次生命》《梅里迪安》《紫色》13Selectedawardsandhonors•In1983PulitzerPrizeforFictionforColorPurpleandNationalBookAward.•In1985HenryAwardforKindredSpirits•In1995HonoraryDegreefromtheCaliforniaInstituteoftheArts（加州艺术学院）•In1997AmericanHumanistAssociation（美国人道主义协会)namedherasHumanistoftheYear14•TheLillianSmithAward（莉莲史密斯奖）fromtheNationalEndowmentfortheArts（国家艺术基金）•TheRosenthalAwardfromtheNationalInstituteofArts&Letters•TheRadcliffeInstituteFellowship,（拉德克里夫学院奖学金）theMerrillFellowship（梅林奖学金）,andaGuggenheimFellowship（古根海姆奖学金）15•TheFrontPageAwardforBestMagazineCriticismfromtheNewswoman'sClubofNewYork•In2006InductiontotheCaliforniaHallofFameinTheCaliforniaMuseumforHistory,Women,andtheArts...16Thecolorpurple◆Thenovelopenswithademandforsilencethatleavesafourteen-year-oldgirlnamedCeliewithnowaytoexpressherpainandconfusionexceptinthelettersshewritestoGod.Celieisrapedrepeatedlybyherstepfather,Alphonso,andhastwochildrenbyhim—childrenhegivesawaywithoutherconsent.17◆Later,sheisforcedintoalovelessmarriage,leavinghersisterNettiealonewithAlphonso.NettieescapeshissexualadvancesbymovinginwithCelieandherhusband,Mr.Albert.ThisarrangementisnobetterthanthepreviousoneandNettieisagainforcedtoleave.SheultimatelyendsupinAfricawhereshewritestoCelieofherexperiences.18◆ForCelie,marriageisnothingmorethanashiftwithinthequicksandsofabuseandmaledomination.AlbertbeatsherbecausesheisnotShugAvery,thewomanhelovesbutdoesnothavethecouragetomarry.Surprisingly,CelieandShugdevelopanintimaterelationship.Morethananyone,Shug'sinfluentialpresenceandacceptancegiveCeliethestrengthsheneedstoredefineherself,takechargeofherlife,andleaveAlbert.◆ShugandCeliemovetoMemphiswhereCeliebeginsacareerdesigningandsellingunisexpants.Afterherstepfather'sdeath,shereturnstoherfamilyhome.NettiealsoreturnswithCelie'stwochildren.ThenovelendswithareconciliationofCelieandAlbert'sfriendship.19theme◆Herwritingexploresmultidimensional（多面的）kinship（亲密关系）amongmenandwomen,amonghumansandanimals,andembracestheredemptivepowerofsocial,spiritualandpoliticalrevolution.◆Ali