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初中英语复习课thePassiveVoice•一、什么是被动语态•二、几种常见的被动语态结构•什么时候用被动语态？•四如何将主动语态该为被动语态•五、什么情况下没有被动语态•六、哪些被动结构表示主动语态一、什么是被动语态•动作的承受者做主语am/is/aredonewas/weredoneshall/willbedonehave/hasbeendonecan/may/must//should/oughttobedone一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：现在完成时：带情态动词时：二、几种常见的被动语态结构三、什么情况下用被动语态四、Putthefollowingintopassivevoice：1.Icanfinishmyhomeworkeveryday.Myhomeworkcanbefinishedbymeeveryday.2.Didtheybuymanyflowers？Weremanyflowersboughtbythem？3.Hedoesn’toftenreadEnglish.Englishisn’toftenreadbyhim.4.Theytoldusnottogothere.Weweretoldnottogotherebythem.1.每天洗衣服。Clothesarewashedeveryday.2.别着急.这封信会准时寄给他的.Don’tworry.Thelettercanbesenttohimontime.3.这些婴儿上周受到了很好的照顾。Thebabieswerelookedafterwelllastweek.4.他们昨天拍了很多照片。Theytookmanyphotosyesterday.Or:Manyphotosweretakenbythemyesterday.5.Tom常开他爸爸的小车。Tomoftendriveshisfather’scar.Or:Hisfather’scarisoftendrivenbyTom1.在hear，see，watch，notice等“感观”动词的后面和make，let等“使役”动词的后面作宾补的动词不定式都不带to，但这种句子在变为被动语态时，应加上to。（一听，二使，三看）(1).Isawhercomeintomyroom.Shewasseentocomeintomyroombyme.(2).Hemademewritetheletterforhim.Iwasmadetowritetheletterforhim.注意问题2.若主动语态的动词是双宾语动词（如：give，pass，show等），变被动语态时，只把其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语保留不动，称作保留宾语。若保留宾语是指人，前面要加上介词“to”。eg：Heshowedmehisphotos.Iwasshownhisphotos.OR:Hisphotoswereshowntome.Morewordsgivesbsth=givesth.tosb•showsbsbsth=showsth.tosb•passsbsbsth=passsth.tosb•sendsbsbsth=sendsth.tosb•bringsbsbsth=bringsth.tosb•tellsbsbsth=tellsth.tosb3.如主动语态的动词是双宾语动词如buy,make等，变被动语态时，只把其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语保留不动，若保留的宾语是指人，前面要加上介词fore.gHeboughtmeapen.Apenwasboughtforme.或Iwasboughtapen•getsbsbsth=getsth.forsb•buysbsbsth=buysth.forsb•makesbsbsth=makesth.forsb•mendsbsbsth=mendsth.forsb•cooksbsbsth=cooksth.forsb4.只有及物动词才能用于被动语态，不及物动词不能用于被动语态。但相当于一个及物动词的动词短语可用于被动语态。但在变被动语态时，注意不要丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词。eg：Thedoctorlookedovertheoldwomancarefully.Theoldwomanwaslookedoverbythedoctorcarefully.归纳：三、如何将主动语态改为被动语态•1找主谓宾•2.改时态和语态•3.加上by和其他•4.原句是双宾结构，改被动语态有两种（1）间宾/sb.做主语改法如123；（2）直宾/sth.做主语，sb.前加上to或for5.不带to的动词不定式改写被动语态，to要还原。一听，二看，三使。6.todo改成被动语态是tobedone.needtodohavetodooughttodo•needtobedone•havetobedone•oughttobedoneAttention!五、什么情况下没有被动语态1.当系动词feel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容词时无被动语态*Thefish______(taste)good.*—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,it______(feel)verysoft.*Thepopmusic_______(sound)beautiful.tastesfeelssounds2.当wash,read,sell,write,cook等词带状语修饰语（well,easily,badly等）时*Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.*Mypenwriteswell.*Thesenovelsdon'tsellwell.(Thebooksweresoldout.)*Themeatdoesn’tcookeasily.(Themeatwascookedforalongtimeoverlowheat.)•3一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。如：happen，takeplace,last,have(有),appear,disappear,cost,comeout(1)这本书已经出版许多次了。Thebookhasalreadycomeoutmanytimes（2）我家乡已发生了巨大的变化。Greatchangeshavealreadytakenplaceinmyhometown(3)会议持续了30分钟。Themeetinglastedfor30minutes..4用被动语态表示主动意义的词：belost(迷路),be/gethurt,(受伤)，bedressed(穿着)(1)我在那个陌生的地方迷路了。Iwaslostinthatstrangeplace.(…lostmyself…)(2)在地震中孙先生受伤很严重。MrSunwasbadlyhurtintheearthquake.(…hurthimself…)(3)穿戴好之后，斯密斯夫人从卧室走了出来。MrsSmithwentoutfromthebedroomaftershegotdressedChoosethebestanswer:1.Anewbook______mebyhimyesterday.A.isgiventoB.wasgivenC.wasgiventoD.gaveto2.Don’tworrry.Thejob______twohours.A.canbefinishedinB.wasfinishedforC.canfinishinD.canbefinishedafter3.Usuallytheclassroom______twiceaday,butnobody______thefloorthismorning.A.iscleaned,wassweptB.cleans,wassweptC.iscleaned,sweptD.iscleaned,sweeps4.I_______atfivethismorning,soIamverytirednow.A.waswakingB.waswokenC.wakeupD.waswokenupCACCD5.He_____me______therewithhimlastnigh.A.wasasked,togoB.asked,togoC.wasasked,goD.asked,go6.Theystayedhere______April.A.inB.sinceC.forD.on7.We_______apicniclastWednesday.A.toldtohaveB.weretoldtohaveC.weretoldhimtohaveD.weretoldtonothave8.Who_______thefoodonthetable,Tom?A.ateupB.waseatenupC.eatsupD.waseatingup9.Todaymanytreesarebeingcutinourcountry.Somoretrees_________.A.mustplantB.mustbeplantC.mustbeplantedA.mustbetoplantBBABCA10.______thehomework______thedayaftertomorrow?A.May,behandedinB.Maybe,handedinC.May,handinD.May,behanded11.Mypencil______thedaybeforeyesterday.A.foundB.wasfoundC.wasfoundedD.isfound12.Thescientisthasworkedonthemathsproblemforthreedayswithouthavingarest,sohe_______verytirednow.A.mustbeB.maybeC.canbeD.needbe13.Theworkers——————muchheavyworkeachday.A.madetodoB.weremadetodoC.weremadedoD.madehimtodoAABAB1.Itwasquitehardforthedogtogo___________(通过)thesmallhole.2.Look,what’s_____________(发生)overthere?3.Isawhimwalk___________(经过)theteachers’office.4.Iknowtheboy____________(叫)Mike.5.Theletterwas_____________(写)tothemlastnight.6.Newspapersare____________(看)everyday.7.Theballwas____________(扔)tohimandhecaughtit.8.Theyare______________(砍)downsometrees.9.MikeandTomwanttobe________(士兵)inthefuture.10.Thebookcanbe_____________(借)foraweek.11.Werethey_______(用于)for__________(保持)warm?Fillinthemissingwords:throughhappeningpastnamedwrittenreadthrowncuttingsoldierskeptusedkeeping1.Hewastoldmetogothereatonce.2.Theboywasseencameintotheoffice3.Theoldcanbetakengoodcareinourcountry.4.IsthekindofcarmakebyShanghai?CorrectionCorrectionCorrectiontocomeofmadein