unit-2Back-Vowels

ChapterTwo第二章后元音BackVowels:/ɑ://ɔ//ɔ://u//u:/Time:2periodsChaptertwoThefirstperiod第二章第一学时后元音Backvowels:/ɑ://ɔ//ɔ:/Warming-upExercisePleasereadthefollowingphrasesinfallingtoneandrisingtone,payattentiontothewordscontaining/ɑ://ɔ//ɔ://u/&/u:/sounds.Warming-upExercise/ɑ:/afastcar/alargeshark/astarvedartist/ɔ/socksandstockings/borrowanovel/clocksandwatches/ɔ:/moreandmore/onthefourthfloor/ashortstory/u/lookforthecook/woolensocks/stoodinthefoot/u:/anewrule/usefultools/stoopbyacoolpool/ɑ://ɔ//ɔ://u//u:/Therearefivebackvowels:/ɑ://ɔ//ɔ://u//u:/Forallofthemthetipoftongueiswithdrawntowardsthesoftpalate,lip-roundingplaysanimportantpartinproducingallthebackvowelsexceptfor/ɑ://ɑ:/Thetongueisheldverylow.Themouthisopenedwithnolip-rounding.Thesoundisliketheexclamation“Ah”./ɑ:/isusuallyreadinthefollowingletterorcombineletters:aaralauplantglassclassfastbasketstarparkcarparcelhardcalmhalfpalm(lissilent)auntlaughPhrases&SentencesafastcarastarvedartistalaughstarastarryMarchnighthalfpastnineThedancingpartstoppedathalfpastfive.Arthurdidn’tpasstheartexam.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.Alargearmymarchedpastthegrassland./ɔ/Thesoundismadewithopenjawsandslightopenlip-rounding,thebackofthetongueiskeptverylowandfarback./ɔ/isusuallyreadinthefollowinglettersorcombinedletters:oaouaucoplockhotclocknovelwantwhatwaswatchqualitycoughtroughbecausesausageAustriaAustraliaPhrases&SentencesclocksandwatchescottonsocksborrowanovelwashthemopcostalotwatchthatsmallfoxJohnhasgotapotofhotwater.Lotsandlotsofclocksandwatcheshasgonewrong.Therobber’snameisRobert./ɔ:/Thissoundhasalow,mid-backtongueposition;thelipsaretenseandprotruded./ɔ:/isusuallyreadinthefollowingcombinedletters:aworauaraloreooroarouroughaughsawjawlawyawndrawhorseborncordswordcausefaultwarfallallsalttalktorebeforemoreboarddoorfourfoughttaughtdaughterPhrases&SentencesmorescoreshortstorieswalkacrossthelawnmorningnewsreportfortyhorsestoputmoresaltYourfourdaughtersareallverytall.Thereportergaveanimportanttalkintheauditorium.Yououghttodowhatthedoctorordered.ComparisonBetween/ɑ:/&/ɔ/and/ɔ:/&/ɔ//ɑ://ɔ//ɔ://ɔ/dark黑dock码头cork软木cock公鸡guard看守god神short短shot射击sharp锋利shop商店chalk粉笔chock垫块heart心脏hot热cord粗浅cod鳕鱼AdvicetoStudentsSomestudentsoftenconfuse/ɑ:/with/ɔ/.Intheirpronunciation,part/pɑ:t/soundlikepot/pɔt/.Thismistakemaybecorrectediftheyroundtheirlipsalittle.Manystudentssubstitute/ɔ:/for/ɔ/.Intheirpronunciation,sport/spɔ:t/andspot/spɔt/soundalike.Toavoidsuchamistake,theyshouldopenthelowerjawlesswide(abouttwothirdsofthejaw-openingfor/ɔ/)andraisethebackofthetonguehigher.GamesandActivitiesPracticeTicktherightwordyouheard:Didyoubuya(cart,cat)?Helikesher(form,farm).The(clerk,clock)isslow.It’sagoodcoat,butIdon’tlikethe(colour,collar).Shewantedtofinda(potter,porter).Themanwas(shot,short).PairworkA:Hey,don’twalkonthelawn.B:Sorry,I’mlookingformywallet.A:Youlostyourwallet?Anythingimportantinit?B:Yes.Alotofmoney.Almostfourthousanddollars.A:That’stoobad.Betterreporttothepoliceofficerwalkingthere.After-classassignmentsReviewandmemorizethewords,phrases,sentencesinclass.Makesentencescontainingbackvowels/ɑ://ɔ//ɔ:/.Listentothetapesandpracticethethreebackvowels/ɑ://ɔ//ɔ:/.ChaptertwoThesecondperiod第二章第二学时后元音Backvowels:/u//u:/Warning-upexercise/u/lookforthecook/woolensocks/stoodinthefoot/u:/anewrule/usefultools/stoopbyacoolpool/u/Thissoundisproducedwiththetongueinarelaxedposition.Thelipsarelooselyrounded./u/isusuallyreadinthefollowinglettersorcombinedletters:uoooouputfullsugarbullpushbutcherwolfwomanbosomtogoodstoodwoodfootsoot(beforetanddinthewords)bookcookhooklooktookshook(beforekinthewords)couldshouldwouldPhrases&Sentenceslookforthecookpushasidethebutcheragood-lookingwomantookthebookcookthesoupputthesugarinthebottleThecookunderstoodthesugarwasnogood.Hetookabooktothewoodandhadagoodlookatit.Thewomancouldn’tpushthecartfullofwood./u:/Thebackofthetongueisraisedthehighest.Thissoundisthemosttenseandmostlip-roundedofthebackvowels./u:/isusuallyreadinthefollowinglettersandcombinedletters:ouooouueewoedowhomoveloseJunerudeSusantoofoodsoonmoonspoonyougroupsoupthroughgluetruebluechewjuiceshoePhrases&SentencesfoodandsoupbluebootschooseagoodschoolatnooninJuneStoopbyacoolpoolusefultoolsThatnewsistoogoodtobetrue.ThatstudentblewupablueballoononanafternooninJune.Asarule,Sueisfoolishandstupidatschool.ComparisonBetween/u:/&/u//u://u//u://u/Luke卢克(男子名)look看cooed鸽子叫声could能fool傻瓜full充满who’d=whowouldhood头巾pool水池pull拉stool凳子stood站wooed求婚wood木头shoot射击should应该AdvicetoStudentsStudentssometimeconfuse/u:/with/u/.RemembertheEnglish/u:/issomewhatrelaxedthoughitisalongvowel.Inthepronunciationof/u:/,thelipsaremoreroundedandclosedthanfor/u/.Thebackofthetongueisraisedhigher,too.ABriefSummaryoftheEnglishBackVowelsTheEnglishbackvowelshavethefollowingfeaturesincommon:Thetongueisretracted,thebackpartisraisedtovariouslevelsinthedirectionofthesoftpalate.Thetipofthetongueisslightlydrawnawayfromthelowerteeth.For/ɔɔ:uu:/thelipsarerounded,butfor/ɑ:/thelipsarenot.GamesandactivitiesReadthefollowingshortpoempayingattentiontothesoundsbetween/u:/and/u