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AP微观经济学市场结构部分20道精华题目（傅莹老师）Questions1-2refertothegraphbelow1.Ifthefirmproduces10unitsofoutput,itseconomicprofitswillequal(2012,第8题，AP微观,Answer:B)(A)0(B)$50(C)$100(D)$150(E)$2002.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytooccurifthefirmincreasesproductionbeyond10units?(2012,第9题，AP微观,Answer:C)(A)Consumerswouldbewillingtopurchasemorethan10unitsatthepriceof$20perunit(B)Thefirmwoulddefinitelyexperiencealoss.(C)Thefirmwouldhavetoloweritspricetosellmorethan10units.(D)Thefirm’saveragecostofproductionwouldinitiallyincrease.(E)Thefirm’sprofitswouldincrease.3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutaconstant-costperfectlycompetitiveindustryinlong-runequilibriummustbetrue?.(2012,第10题，AP微观,Answer:A)(A)Anincreaseindemandwillcausenochangeinthelong-runequilibriumprice.(B)Anincreaseindemandwillcausenochangeinthelong-runequilibriumquantity.(C)Thelong-runsupplycurveisupwardsloping.(D)Thelong-runsupplycurveisperfectlyinelastic.(E)Thetotalcostofproductionremainsthesameasoutputincreases.4.Inwhichofthefollowingmarketstructuresdofirmsrecognizetheirmutualinterdependence?(2012,第11题，AP微观,Answer:A)(A)Oligopoly(B)Monopoly(C)Perfectcompetition(D)Unregulatednaturalmonopoly(E)Monopsony5.Assumethataprofit-maximizingfirmisperfectlycompetitiveinboththeoutputandthefactorMarketsandisatitslong-runequilibrium.Thefirm’soutputis100units,itstotalrevenueis$600.00,andthefixedcostofproductionis$50.00.Basedonthisinformation,whichofthefollowingistrueforthefirm?(2012,第12题，AP微观,Answer:E)(A)Itsmarginalcostis$5.50,anditsaveragetotalcostis$5.50.(B)Itsmarginalcostis$5.50,anditsaveragevariablecostis$5.50.(C)Itsmarginalcostis$6.00,anditsaveragetotalcostis$5.50.(D)Itsmarginalcostis$6.00,anditsaveragefixedcostis$5.50.(E)Itsmarginalcostis$6.00,anditsaveragevariablecostis$5.50.6.Withintherangeofmarketdemand,whichofthefollowingisconsistentwiththeconditions?ofanaturalmonopoly?(2012,第21题，AP微观,Answer:C)(A)Long-runtotalcostdecreasesasoutputincreases.(B)Long-runaveragetotalcostremainsconstantasoutputincreases.(C)Long-runaveragetotalcostdecreasesasoutputincreases.(D)Marginalcostexceedsaveragecost.(E)Settingpriceequaltomarginalcostwillmaximizeprofits.7.Aconstant-cost,perfectlycompetitivegadgetindustryisinlong-runequilibrium.Anincreaseinthenumberofconsumersofgadgetswillmostlikelyresultin(2012,第23题，AP微观,Answer:D)(A)highershort-runandlong-runpricesforgadgets(B)reducedshort-runprofits,followedbytheexitofsomefirms(C)anupwardshiftinallshort-runcostcurves,followedbyahigherlong-runpriceforgadgets(D)ahighershort-runpriceforgadgets,followedbyanincreaseinthequantityproduced(E)adecreaseinthedemandforgadgets,followedbyadecreaseinthesupplyofgadgets8.Theprofit-maximizingfirmdepictedinthegraphaboveshould(2012,第24题，AP微观,Answer:A)(A)exitifconditionsdonotimproveinthelongrun(B)producetheoutputthatminimizesaveragetotalcost(C)increasepricetomaximizeprofits(D)increaseoutputtomaximizeprofits(E)uselesscapitalandmorelabortoreducecost9.Thegraphaboveshowstheshort-runcostcurvesofafirminaperfectlycompetitivemarket.Whichofthefollowingaretrueatthefirm’sprofitmaximizingoutputlevel?(2012,第38题，AP微观,Answer:C)I.Priceexceedsaveragetotalcost.II.Economicprofitsarezero.III.Marginalcostequalsaveragetotalcost.IV.Newfirmsarelikelytoenterthemarketinthelongrun.(A)IandIIonly(B)IandIIIonly(C)IandIVonly(D)II,III,andIVonly(E)I,II,III,andIV10.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesanoligopolisticmarket?(2012,第39题，AP微观,Answer:C)(A)Manysellerswithidenticalproductsandnobarrierstoentry(B)Manysellers,eachwithaclearlydifferentiatedproduct,andnobarrierstoEntry(C)Afewcompetingsellerswithsimilarproductsandhighbarrierstoentry(D)Afewcompetingsellersofidenticalproductsandnobarrierstoentry(E)Nocompetitionamongsellersandhighbarrierstoentry11.Thepayoffmatrixbelowshowstheper-unitprofitsassociatedwiththeproductionstrategiesoftwoutilitycompanies,UAandUB.Eachfirmhastwochoices:toreduceproductionby10percentorby20percent.ThefirstentryineachcellindicatestheprofitstoUA,andthesecond,theprofitstoUB.(2012,第39题，AP微观,Answer:B)Basedontheinformation,andassumingnocooperation,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?(A)Neithercompanyhasadominantstrategy.(B)Bothcompanieshaveanincentivetoreduceproductionby10%.(C)Bothcompanieshaveanincentivetoreduceproductionby20%.(D)OnlyUAhasanincentivetoreduceproductionby20%.(E)OnlyUBhasanincentivetoreduceproductionby20%.12.Inordertominimizeshort-runlosses,aprofitmaximizingfirmwillnecessarilyshutdownproductionunderwhichofthefollowingconditions?(2012,第41题，AP微观,Answer:D)(A)Totalrevenueislessthantotalcost.(B)Marginalcostisgreaterthanaveragetotalcost.(C)Marginalcostislessthanmarginalrevenue.(D)Averagerevenueislessthanaveragevariablecost.(E)Averagerevenueislessthanaveragetotalcost.13.Mosteconomistsarguethatamonopolyisinefficientbecauseit(2012,第44题，AP微观,Answer:B)(A)hasnoincentivetominimizeitscosts(B)producestoolittleoutputandsetsapriceabovemarginalcost(C)earnstoomuchprofitbychargingconsumersanypriceitwants(D)producestoomuchoutputandthuswastesscarceresources(E)usuallyproducesunsafeproductsifnotregulatedbygovernment14.Thegraphaboveshowsthetotalrevenueandtotal