状语从句状语从句分类•①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句④目的状语从句⑤条件状语从句⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句⑧方式状语从句⑨比较状语从句1、时间状语从句问题1:Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelpitisneeded.(03全国卷)A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when根据句意,此处只能为时间状语从句,故答案为D。unless引导条件状语从句,意为“除非”;although引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”;since虽引导时间状语从句,但意思为“从…以来”,这些都与题意无关。引导时间状语的引导词很多,复习when时要注意比较它与while与as的区别。D1、when,while,as三者的具体用法关键在于动作发生的时间及从句的动词。•while表时间,从句需用延续性动词,不用瞬间动词;•when表时间,从句既可用延续性动词,又可以用瞬间动词;•as表时间,侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行,表示“一边…一边…”•Welistenedtomusicasweworked.•when,while后还可以接分词短语、介词短语。•While/Whenintrouble,youcanaskthepoliceforhelp.•when作并列连词,表示一个动作在发生时,另一个动作接着发生,这时就不能用while、as。•Iwaswalkingonthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulder.•beabouttodo…when•bedoing…when•while作并列连词,表示两种情况对比,意为“而”。•HewasplayingtheguitarwhilehissisterwaswatchingTV.•还可以表示让步,意为“虽然,然而”•Whiletheraingotheavier,theystillworkedonthefarm.问题2:1)—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?—Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.(03北京春季)A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.When2)Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken________hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.(05北京春季)A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.becauseCA•until/till“直到……止”(肯定句,主句是延续性动词);•not…until“直到……才”(否定句,主句是终止性动词);•until可用于倒装句和强调句,till不用于句首。•NotuntilIreturneddidshefinishherhomework.•ItwasnotuntilIreturnedhomethatshefinishedherhomework.问题3:1、TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears______theNorthwonintheend.(05广东卷)A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.then2、Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation______itgotworse.(03北京)A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.asBC•Itwas+一段时间+beforesthhappened•过了一段时间之后,某事才发生•Eg:•Itwastwoyearsbeforewefinishedthetask.•两年以后我们才完成了任务。•Itwillbe+一段时间+beforesth.happens•要过一段时间之后,某事才会发生•Itwon’tbelongbeforesth.Happens•不用过多久,某事就将发生•Eg:Itwon’tbelongbeforemostofushaveacomputer.问题4:—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?—Yes,Igaveittoher_______Isawher.(01北京春季)A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.onceB•一……就……•1/名词或名词短语•thetime(当……的时刻),themoment/minute/second/instant(一…就…),nexttime(下次),thefirsttime(第一次…的时候),thelasttime(上次…的时候),everytime(每次),eachtime(每次)等可引导表示时间的状语从句。•2/副词immediately(一…就…),instantly(一…就…),directly(一…就…)等词或词组可引导表示时间的状语从句。3/特别注意:Hardly…when…Nosooner…than…Hardlyhadhegottothestation,thetrainleft.Nosoonerhadhegottothestation,thetrainleft.•问题5:特殊句型:•1/Itwas+时刻或时间点+whensth.Happened•当某事发生时,是几点钟或哪一年•Eg:Itwasfiveo’clockwhenwegottoourdestination.•对比:强调句:•Itis/was+……+that•Eg:Itwasatfiveo’clockthatwegottoourdestination.•2/•Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+sincesth.happened•自从某事发生以来,(时间)已经过去了•Eg:Itis11yearssincehelefthishometown.•他离开家乡已经有11年了。•left是终止性动词,意为“从…开始…多久了”,若从句中的动词是延续性动词,意为“不做某事已经有多久了”。•试比较:•ItistwoyearssincehestudiedEnglish.•他不学英语有两年了。•Itistwoyearssincehecamehere。2、条件状语从句问题1:1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname____itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.(2000全国)A.aslongasB.whileC.ifD.eventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_____youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.(05重庆卷)A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.ifCAunless相当于ifnot,意思是“除非…”“如果不…就…”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。问题2:1、_____Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.(04北京春季)A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s________Ihavetowait.(05全国卷3)A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderD.asifBAaslongas与asfaras都可引导条件状语从句,aslongas表示“只要…”,asfaras表示“就…而论(而言)”。题1根据题意应该选用B。incase表示“以防”,根据题2的句意,不难作出选择。3、让步状语从句问题1:1、_____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.(04江苏)A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,____theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南卷)(B)A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthoughABwhile是高考中的高频词,它既可引导时间状语从句,又可引导并列句,还可引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”。evenif等于eventhough,表示“即使、尽管”。asthough等于asif,引导方式状语从句,表示“好像、似乎”。问题2:1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.(05天津卷)A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,______thecost.(05浙江)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whereverABnomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别:nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句,此时与wh-ever通用。如:Nomatterwhen/Wheneverhecomesback,heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句,Nomatterwh-不能。如:WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.Whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome•注意问题:•用作连词,表示“虽然”,though与although•大致同义,可互换,只是although比though更正式。但as/though引导的让步状语从句可以用部分倒装的形式(注意:倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词),但although一般不这样用。•eg:Childas/thoughhewas,hehadtraveledtomanycountriestoputonshows.•Youngassheis,shedoesverywell.•4。原因状语从句•引导词按语气由强到弱的排列:•because/since/nowthat/as/for•because,回答why提出的问题。•since,“既然”,语气较弱,一般放到句首。•Eg:Sincethatmatterhaspassedforalongtime,youshouldn'tcriticizeyourselfallthetime.•as,指明显的理由,“由于”,一般放句首。•Eg:Asshewasinahurry,sheleftherkeyintheoffice.•for,必须放在主句之后,解释对某一事实进行推断的理由或补充某些事实。•Eg:Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.•表原因的词组:becauseof;asaresultof;thanksto;dueto;owingto•5.结果状语从句•so…that或such…that•Eg:Theyplayedsohappilythattheyforgottogohomeontime.•Hisplanwassuchagoodonethatweallagreedtoacceptit.•sothat既可以引导结果状语从句也可以引导目的状语从句,不同的是引导目的状语从句时,从句中往往含有can,could,may,might,will,would,shall,should等情态动词。•Eg:Hehasbeenstudyingsohardthathecanbeadmittedtothefamousuniversity.6.状语从句的时态问题1、Thehousewillfalldownsoonifnoon