ASTM-D4632-2015a-英文版-(1)

Designation:D4632/D4632M−15aStandardTestMethodforGrabBreakingLoadandElongationofGeotextiles1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD4632/D4632M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheU.S.DepartmentofDefense.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodisanindextestwhichprovidesaprocedurefordeterminingthebreakingload(grabstrength)andelongation(grabelongation)ofgeotextilesusingthegrabmethod.Thistestmethodisnotsuitableforknittedfabricsandalternatetestmethodsshouldbeused.Whileusefulforqualitycontrolandacceptancetestingforaspecificfabricstructure,theresultscanonlybeusedcomparativelybetweenfabricswithverysimilarstructures,becauseeachdifferentfabricstructureperformsinauniqueandcharacteristicmannerinthistest.Thegrabtestmethodsdoesnotprovidealltheinformationneededforalldesignapplicationsandothertestmethodsshouldbeused.1.2Proceduresformeasuringthebreakingloadandelon-gationbythegrabmethodinboththedryandwetstateareincluded;however,testingisnormallydoneinthedrycondi-tionunlessspecifiedotherwiseinanagreementorspecifica-tion.1.3ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnon-conformancewiththestandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2D76/D76MSpecificationforTensileTestingMachinesforTextilesD123TerminologyRelatingtoTextilesD1776/D1776MPracticeforConditioningandTestingTex-tilesD2905PracticeforStatementsonNumberofSpecimensforTextiles(Withdrawn2008)3D4354PracticeforSamplingofGeosyntheticsandRolledErosionControlProducts(RECPs)forTestingD4439TerminologyforGeosyntheticsE177PracticeforUseoftheTermsPrecisionandBiasinASTMTestMethodsE691PracticeforConductinganInterlaboratoryStudytoDeterminethePrecisionofaTestMethod3.Terminology3.1Definitions:3.1.1atmospherefortestinggeotextiles,n—airmaintainedatarelativehumidityof6565%relativehumidityandtemperatureof2162°C[7064°F].3.1.2breakingload,n—themaximumforceappliedtoaspecimeninatensiletestcarriedtorupture.3.1.3cross-machinedirection,n—thedirectionintheplaneofthefabricperpendiculartothedirectionofmanufacture.3.1.4elongationatbreak,n—theelongationcorrespondingtothebreakingload,thatis,themaximumload.3.1.5geotextile,n—anypermeabletextilematerialusedwithfoundation,soil,rock,earth,oranyothergeotechnicalmaterial,asanintegralpartofaman-madeproduct,structure,orsystem.3.1.6grabtest,n—infabrictesting,atensiontestinwhichonlyapartofthewidthofthespecimenisgrippedintheclamps.3.1.6.1Discussion—Forexample,ifthespecimenwidthis101.6mm[4in.]andthewidthofthejawfaces25.4mm[1in.],thespecimenisgrippedcentrallyintheclamps.3.1.7machinedirection,n—thedirectionintheplaneofthefabricparalleltothedirectionofmanufacture.1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD35onGeosyntheticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD35.01onMechani-calProperties.CurrenteditionapprovedMay15,2015.PublishedJune2015.Originallyapprovedin1991.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2015asD4632/D4632M–15.DOI:10.1520/D4632_D4632M-15A.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3Thelastapprovedversionofthishistoricalstandardisreferencedon©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959.UnitedStates1CopyrightASTMInternationalProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithASTMLicensee=HongKongPolytechnicUniversity/9976803100NotforResale,01/12/201621:38:40MSTNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHS--`,,,`,,,`,``,,,,`,,,`,`,```,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---3.1.8Fordefinitionsofothertermsusedinthistestmethod,refertoTerminologyD123orTerminologyD4439.4.SummaryofTestMethod4.1Acontinuallyincreasingloadisappliedlongitudinallytothespecimenandthetestiscarriedtorupture.Valuesforthebreakingloadandelongationofthetestspecimenareobtainedfrommachinescalesordials,autographicrecordingcharts,orinterfacedcomputers.5.SignificanceandUse5.1Thegrabmethodisapplicablewheneveritisdesiredtodeterminethe“effectivestrength”ofthefabricinuse,thatis,thestrengthofthematerialinaspecificwidth,togetherwiththeadditionalstrengthcontributedbyadjacentmaterial.Thereisnosimplerelationshipbetweengrabtestsandstriptestssincetheamountoffabricassistancedependsontheconstructionofthefabric.Itisusefulasaqualitycontroloracceptancetest.5.2TheprocedureinTestMethodD4632/D4632Mforthedeterminationofgrabstrengthofgeotextilesmaybeusedforacce