新概念第二册Lesson28(含有倒背如流图)

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Arosebyanynamewouldsmellassweet.人或物不在乎其叫什么,而在于其实质。Astitchintimesavesnine.小洞不补,大洞吃苦。Lesson28NoparkingWherecan’tweparkthecars?汽车驾驶人停车时,有下列情形之一者,处一百元以上四百元以下罚款:一、在禁止临时停车处所停车者。二、在弯道、陡坡、狭路或道路修理地段停车者。三、在机场、车站、码头、学校、医院、娱乐、展览、竞技、市场或其他公共场所出、入口或消防栓之前停车者。四、在设有禁止停车标志、标线之处所停车者。五、在显有妨碍他车通行之处所停车者。六、不依顺行方向,或紧靠道路右侧,或单行道不紧靠路边停车者。七、於路边划有停车放车辆线之处所停车营业者。八、自用汽车招呼停车者。九、停车时间、位置、方式、车种不依规定者。十、在路边设有计费停车表,或其他计费停车之处所停车,不依规定缴费者。前项情形,执行勤务警察於必要,并得令汽车驾驶人将车移置适当处所;如汽车驾驶人不予移置或不在车内时,由该执行勤务警察为之,并得收取移置费。第一项第十款及第二项之欠费追缴之。rarea.1.罕见的rareanimal稀有动物;rarebird珍稀鸟类;rareillness疑难杂症onrareoccasions难得,不常见近义词:scarceadj.缺乏的,不足的,稀有的,不充足的(少有的,表示某个时间段或某个地方少有)2.adj.几乎是生的welldone全熟mediumadj.半生半熟的troublen.麻烦ask/lookfortrouble自寻烦恼/遇到麻烦beintrouble有麻烦gointotroublehavetroublewithsthhavetroubleindoingsth.但自从搬进去以后他就和汽车和车主们发生了摩擦。Eversincehemovedin,hehashadtroublewithcarsandtheirowners.v.troublesb麻烦某人Whatistroublingyou?你为何事烦恼?effectn.结果,效果1havean/much/great/littleeffectonsb/sth2haveagood/badeffectonsb/sth3beofnoeffect无效4come/gointoeffect开始生效5takeeffect见效,生效6bring/carry/put…intoeffect实行,实施7ineffect在实施中Jasper曾把几块“禁止停车”的牌子挂在大门外边,但没有任何效果。Japerhasputup‘NoParking’signsoutsidehisgate,butthesehavenothadanyeffect.Questions1.Whathasheputupoutsidehisgate?2.WhyhasheputthestoneheadofMedusaoverhisgate?Gorgon---MedusaTHEMEDUSAThemedusawasanuglycreature.Let'shavealookathowshecameintoexistance,forshewasn'talwaysthatugly...Again,theGodsplayedtheirrole.TheMedusawasthedaughterofPhorkysandKeto,thechildrenofGaia(Earth)andOkeanos(Ocean).ShewasoneofthethreesistersknownastheGorgons.TheothertwosisterswereSthennoandEuryale.Medusawastheonlymortaloutofthethree.Shewasonceverybeautifulandlivedfarinthenorthwerethesundidn'tvisit.Beingverycurious,shewantedtoseethesun,andaskedtheGoddessAthenaforpermissiontovisitthesouth.Athenarefusedtoallowhertovisit.ThemedusagotangryanddaredtosaythatAthenahadn'tgivenherpermissionbecauseshewasjealousofherbeauty.thatwasit!Athenawasangeredandpunishedherbyturningherhairintosnakesandcursingherbymakinghersouglythatwhoeverlookesathereyeswouldturnintostone.vJasperWhiteisoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelievesinancientmyths.Hehasjustboughtanewhouseinthecity,buteversincehemovedin,hehashadtroublewithcarsandtheirowners.Whenhereturnshomeatnight,healwaysfindsthatsomeonehasparkedacaroutsidehisgate.Becauseofthis,hehasnotbeenabletogethisowncarintohisgarageevenonce.believe和believein的不同点:believev.相信(某人说的话),认为believeinv.信任,信赖(人格,力量等);信仰;相信…的存在;相信…的价值e.g.1.I______whatyousaid,butIdon’t______you.2.Myfatherdon’t______Jesus.3.He_____thathisfriendcanfinishthisworkhimself.4._____itornot,IwillgotoParisnextweek.because和becauseof:because只能做连词用,后面接从句becauseof由于,介词短语,后面不可以跟从句,只能跟名词,代词或动词“---ing”e.g.______itwasraining,hecamebackhomelate.______therain,hecamebackhomelate.Jasperhasputup'NoParking'signsoutsidehisgate,butthesehavenothadanyeffect.Nowhehasputanuglystoneheadoverthegate.ItisoneoftheugliestfacesIhaveeverseen.IaskedhimwhatitwasandhetoldmethatitwasMedusa,theGorgon.Jasperhopesthatshewillturncarstostone.Butnoneofthemhasbeenturnedtostoneyet!1.Iaskedhimwhatitwas.宾语从句Hetoldmethat…宾语从句e.g.我问她今天为什么迟到。我想知道你多大了。2.turnsth/sbto(into)…把…变成…a.TurntoPage1.b.Ifyoucan’tsolvethisproblem,youcanturntoyourteacher.猜一猜a,b里面的turnto是什么意思。noneofthem他们当中没有一个人1.noneof之后的名词前一定要接the,this,my,your等修饰限定成份,Noneofthestudentscouldanswerthequestions.Hedidnoneofhishomework.2.接名词复数时,谓语动词通常视为复数来使用,但作较正式的表达时,则视为单数。Noneofushave/haseverbeenabroad.3.Noneof…指三者或三者以上Neitherof…两者现在完成时概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。句型:基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)用法(1)现在完成时用来表示过去发生过或完成的动作或状态,对现在还有影响。Ihavespentallofmymoney.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Hehasreturnedfromabroad.(含义是:现在已在此地)(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点)连用.Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Ihavelivedheresince1998.3.现在完成时常常与一些时间状语连用,如ever,never,already,yet,sofar,upto(till)now,lately等:例句见书本P135.1.定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用:①引导定语从句。②代替先行词。③在定语从句中担当一个成分。注:关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。3.定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作定语后置。4、先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。定语从句表示人的关系代词:who,whom,that,whose表示事物和动物的关系代词:which,that关系代词可以有四个概念:①代人的,做主语或宾语who,只做宾语的whom②代物的,做主语或宾语which③代人的也可以代物的做主语或宾语that④whose其代表的东西由其在句子中的成分决定(不一定指人)关系代词后面要加从句,先行词放在定语从句前面,而且是两句话共同含有的词,还是被定语从句修饰的词Ihaveabookthat/whichhelikes.(“book”为先行词,“that/which”为关系代词)关系代词有两个功能:一是承上,一是启下(如上句中的“book”作从句的宾语)Theboywhoisstandingatthedoorismybrother.IcandoanythingthatIcando.我愿意做我力所能及的事情来帮助你Theboatwhosenameis...Ihaveahousewhosewindowsarebroken.我有一个房子,房子的窗户都破了.关系代词在关系从句中作宾语时往往可以省略,作主语时则不可以。Themillionairewhosesonranawayfromhomeaweekagoisnotakindfather.whose后面一定要加一个名词,然后这个部分共同做主语或宾语Theboywhosesisterisstandingatthedoorismybrother.妹妹站在门口的男孩是我弟弟The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