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第1页共15页人教必修1Unit1--Unit5核心词汇梳理Unit1Friendshipupset,ignore,concern,settle,suffer,recover,addup,gothrough,setdown,getalongwith,joinin1.upsetadj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安；使心烦；弄翻；打乱（计划等）sthupsetsb某事使某人心烦意乱sbupsetsth某人打/弄翻某物upsetaplan打乱计划beupsetabout/over/atsth为某事烦心upsetone’sstomach使（肠胃）不适eg:Hisstrangebehaviourupsethisfather.Don’tupsetyourselfabouttheexam.It’supsethimthatnobodyhadbotheredtotellhimaboutit.Itupsetsmetothinkofherallaloneinthatbighouse.注：upset为表语形容词，非定语形容词；其过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset；现在分词形式为upsetting。2.ignorevt.不理睬；不顾；忽视ignoresb/sth不理睬某人/某事ignorancen.无知；愚昧；不知道beinignoranceof/aboutsth不知道某事ignorantadj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的beignorantthat…不知道某事beignorantof/aboutsth不知道某事eg:Heignoredallthe“NoSmoking”signsandlitupacigarette.Wecan’taffordtoignoretheiradvice.He’scompletelyignorantaboutmoderntechnology.3.concernn.[U]关心，担忧[C]关心的人或事vt.涉及；参与；使担心，使操心Itisnoconcernofmine/yours.concernedadj.关心的，关切的，担忧的；焦虑的（位于名词之前）；相关的（位于名词之后）as/sofaras…beconcerned就…而言；依…之见beconcernedabout/forsth担心…；关心…beconcernedin/with与…有关beconcernedover/atsth为某事忧虑concernoneselfabout/for担忧；关心concerningprep.关于；有关eg:Thereisgrowingconcernaboutviolenceontelevision.ThePresidentisdeeplyconcernedaboutthisissue.Heaskedseveralquestionsconcerningthefutureofthecompany.Thischapterconcernsitselfwiththehistoricalbackground.注：concerned用作形容词时意为“担忧的；关心的”；用作后置定语时意为“相关的；有关的”。另外concerning用作介词时意为“关于；对于”。4.settlevi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解决settledown舒适地坐下（或躺下）；定居；安静/平静下来settlein/into习惯于；适应第2页共15页settleon选定，决定settleup付清账单settledadj.稳定的；舒适自在的settlementn.协议，定居点eg:Thecompanyhasagreedtosettleoutofcourt.It’sallsettled—we’releavingonthenineo’clockplane.Isettledheronthesofaandputablanketoverher.5.suffervt.遭受，蒙受；后跟pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/punishment/hardship以及表示疾病的词。vi.后常跟介词from，表示“受……折磨；受……之苦，患某种疾病”。sufferern.患病者，受苦者，受难者sufferingn.（肉体或精神上遭受的）痛苦，疼痛eg:Manycompaniesaresufferingfromashortageofskilledstaff.Hesufferedamassiveheartattack.TheRepublicanPartyhasjustsufferedahugedefeatinthepollsrecently.6.recovervi.&vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得recoverform康复，恢复recoveroneself恢复常态recoveryn.恢复，改善eg:LiuXiangisstillrecoveringfromhisoperation.Ittookherafewminutestorecoverconsciousness.Shehasmadeafullrecoveryfromherillness.7.addup合计add…in…把……加进去；包括add…on(to)…附加，加上add…to…在……中加上……addto增加；加强（多用于抽象意义）addupto总计；总共（不用于被动语态）inaddition另外inadditionto…除……之外eg:Thenumbersadduptoexactly100.Remembertoaddinthecostofdrinks.Aservicechargeof15%wasaddedontothebill.8.gothrough经历，经受；仔细检查；完成；用完goafter追赶goagainst违反，与…不符goahead先走；开始做；着手干goby逝去，过去gooff离开；爆炸goon继续；上场；流逝goover检查passthrough走过；路过livethrough经历lookthrough浏览；往…里面看pullthrough（大病、手术后）康复eg:Ialwaysstartthedaybygoingthroughmye-mail.He’samazinglycheerfulconsideringallhe’sgonethrough.Thingswillgeteasierastimegoesby.9.setdown放下；记下；登记第3页共15页setabout(doingsth)着手（做某事）setout(todosth)开始，着手（做某事）setaside留出；不顾setback（把钟等）往回拨；推迟setfree释放；解放setoff动身，出发；使爆炸setout动身，出发；着手；安排，组织setup开办；建立；设立setanexample树立榜样setfireto…=onfire纵火烧eg:Passengersmaybesetdownandpickeduponlyattheofficialstops.Thebadweathersetbackthebuildingprogrammebyseveralweeks.Weneedtosetaboutfindingasolution.注：setabout和setout都可作“开始着手做某事”讲，但setabout后加doingsth，而setout后加todosth。10.getalongwith与…相处；进展getalongwithsb同某人相处getalongwithsth某事进展/进行getabout/around（消息）传开get…across讲清楚；（使）被领会getawayfrom…离开；脱身get…back收回，找回get…down记下来；使悲伤getdownto认真做，开始着手做getin到达；收割geton…上车/船/飞机；继续进行；相处getover…克服；摆脱getridof…消灭，摆脱，除掉getthrough…（电话）接通；用完；通过gettogether聚会，联欢eg:She’sneverreallygotonwellwithhersister.I’mnotgettingonveryfastwiththisjob.It’stimeIgotdowntothinkingaboutthatessay.Yourmeaningdidn’treallygetacross.11.joinin参加；加入joinup入伍，参军joinupwith(sb)（与某人）联合，会合joinhands(withsb)（与某人）拉起手；合伙，联合辨析join/joinin/takepartin/attend/participate：○1join表示“加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部”等，如jointheParty/YouthLeague/army/club/organization。○2joinin表示“参加正在进行的活动”，如joininagame/discussion/conversation/walk。亦可说：joinsbin(doing)sth。○3takepartin表示“参加会议、活动”，侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作用，part前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词，如take(anactive)partinaparty/schoolactivities/physicallabour。○4attend表示“出席或参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，上课，上学，听报告”，如attendameeting/asportsmeeting/aconcert/ashow/school/alecture。第4页共15页○5participate为正式用语，和介词in连用，表示积极地参与。eg:Shelistensbutsheneverjoinsin.Ourteacheroftenjoinsusinsinginganddancing.Howmanycountriestookpartinthe29thOlympicGamesinBeijing?Ourchildrenattendthesameschool.Unit2Englisharoundtheworldnative,base,command,request,recognize,block,becauseof,comeup,suchas,playarole/partin,1.nativeadj.本国的；本地的；天赋的n.本地人；本国人benativeto原产于某地的，土生土长的beanativeof土生土长的本地人gonative入乡随俗，同化nativeart/dance/peoples土著艺术、舞蹈/民族nativewit/intelligence与生俱来的机智/才智eg:ThetigerisnativetoIndia.HeisanativeofBeijing.Youcanalwaystellthedifferencebetweenthetouristsandthenatives.2.basevt.以…为根据n.基部；基地；基础basesthon/uponsth以…为基础（或根据）basesb/sth/oneselfin以…为据点（或总部等），把（总部等）设在thebaseofacolumn/glass/pyramid柱基/玻璃杯底/金字塔底座amilitary/navalbase军事/海军基地basedadj.（以某事）为基础/根据的baselessadj.无根据的；无缘无故的basementn.地下室eg:Whatareyoubasingthistheoryon?TheydecidedtobasethenewcompanyinNewYork.Thetownisanidealbasefortouringthearea.3.commandn.[C]命令，指令[U]掌握vt.命令，指挥，支配；博得；赢得atsb’scommand听某人指挥underone’scommand由…指挥underthecom