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1宾语从句讲解与练习一.宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导词的不同，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。if、whether一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whether…ornot句式只用whether例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.二.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.Idon’tknow________(是否)hewillcometomypartyornot.变为陈述句语序：Issheaworker?Willtheydoit?Canyouanswerthisquestion?Whosepenisit?Arethereanypensonthedesk?DoyouspeakEnglish?Doesheplayfootball?Howareyou?Whatareyoudoing?Whyareyousolate?Wheredoyoulive?HowoldareyouWhatdoesshelikebest?What’swrongwithKate?知识拓展:Ithink,ibelieve等后接宾语从句,如果否定的是后面的从句,一般要将主句动词改为否定形式,而从句仍然用肯定形式.这与汉语的习惯不同.Idon'tbelieveshewilltakepartintheEnglishevening.我相信她不会参加英语晚会.2Idon'tthinkyoulikesports.我认为你不喜欢运动.三.宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhattheyboughtinthemallyesterday.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.四.宾语从句的简化1.宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可以简化为不定式结构.Ihopethaticanreceiveyoure-mail.=ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail.2.当宾语从句的主语与从句的主语相同时,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget.learn等时,从句可以简化成疑问词+不定式Shedoesn'tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.=shedoesn'tknowwhattodo.五.宾语从句变反意疑问句如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时，变反意疑问句时看从句。如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。Ithinkheisagoodstudent，isn’the?Theywanttoknowifheisagoodstudent，don’tthey？【中考范例】1MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2009.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived2.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame3.Idon’tknowwhen__________.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleave3C.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave4.---Wedon’tknow_____________.---ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.A.whatheisB.ifheliveshereC.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom1.Iheareasy.A．thatmathisn'tB．ifmathisn'tC．whatmathisD．thatmath2.Shetoldmeherteacher.A.MrGreenisB.thatMrGreenisC.ifMrGreenwasD.MrGreenwas3.Doyouknowtothatpostoffice?A.HowmuchisitB.howfaritisC.howfarisitD.howlongitis4.Idon'tknow.A．what'shisnameB．whatnameishisC．whathisnameisD．whatwashisname5.Doyouknowsoworried?A.whyisyourfriendB．whywasyourfriendC．whyyourfriendisD．howisyourfriend6.Doyouknow?A．whosechildheisB．whosechildisheC．whosechildisheD．who'schildheis7.Heaskedwhichpicture.A．IsMike'sB．Mike'swasC．wasMike'sD．Mike'sis8.Ididn'tknowintheclassroom.A．issheB．ifsheisC．ifwassheD．ifshewas9、DoesanybodyknowforXi'antomorrow?A．ifisLicyleavingB．ifLucyleavesC．thatLucyisleavingD．thatLicyleaves10、Doyouknowbacksoon?A．whenshewillcomeB．ifwillshecomeC．ifshewillcomeD．ifshecomes11、Iheardbadlyhurt.A．thathissonisB．ifhissonwasC．thathissonwasD．ifhissonwas412.Canyoutellmehowoftentoseehisbrother?A．doeshegoB．hegoesC．hegoD．heis13.Theteacherdidn'ttellmetohaveatestnextweek.A.ifwearegoingB.ifweweregoingC．thatwearegoingD.wearegoing一、单项选择()1.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid()2.Iwanttoknow_________.A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis()3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which()4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshoppingC.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping()5.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which()6.Mr.Kingdidn’tknow_______yesterdayevening.A.whendoeshissoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome()7.Couldyoutellme_______thebikethismorning?A.howdoeshemendB.howhemendsC.howhemendedD.howdidhemend()8.---I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what()9.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________?---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.A.howwecangettothepostofficeB.howcanwegettothepostofficeC.howgettothepostofficeD.howcouldwegettothepostoffice()10.---CanIhelpyou?---Yes.I’dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme______taketogetthere?A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.how5longwillit()11.Hewantedtoknow___________.A.whetherhespeaksatthemeetingB.whenthemeetingwouldstartC.whathe’sgoingtodoatthemeetingD.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld()12.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisitC.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwo