木质素的结构及其改性现状

30(2)现代化工Nov.2010201011ModernChemicalIndustry周益同,张小丽,张力平(北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院,北京100083):5,,:;;;:O6362:A:0253-4320(2010)S2-0063-04ThestructureofligninanditsmodificationstatusZHOUYitong,ZHANGXiaoli,ZHANGLiping(CollegeofMaterialsScienceandTechnology,BeijingForestryUniversity,Beijing100083,China)Abstract:Thestructureofligninisintroducedfromfiveaspects,whichincludestheexistenceoflignin,thebasicstructuralunit,themainmonomer,keymethodsandwaysofresponding.theligninmodificationmethodsandtheirapplicationsandproblemsarereviewed,andthesolutionfortheapplicationproblemsisputforward,thedevelopmentisprospected.Keywords:lignin;structure;modification;application:2010-09-21:(863)(2010AA101703);973(2010CB732204):(1987-),,;(1959-),,,,,,[e-mail]:,,600t[1],,,1830,,14t,5000t,,,,,,,,,,1,,,11,,,,[2]123,,,13,,,[3]363现代化工30(2)14[4],-,,3,15:,;,,;;221,,,,,,[5],,,,,,,[6]22,-,,,,,,,,[7]YasuyukiMatsushita[8],,,;AmelKamouna[9],,pH=7~9,130~160,3~6h,SEL;[10];[11],GSAL23,,,,[12]An[13],,24,,,(LS)[14],,LS,,,,LS[15]25251曼尼希反应,,,a-(),1a-,,Mannich252木质素和季铵盐反应YANG[16]N,N-26,,,64201011:,[17],27[18],,[19][20],,,,,2,,28,3[21],,,,CaCl2,,[22],H2O2-FeSO4,K2S2O8-NaHSO3K2S2O8-Na2S2O3N,N-,[23-24]29[25],,,,,Douglas[26],210,,,[27],,/211,,[28],,212,,,,Koch[29],,HgCdCuCrFe,Na,3;;,[30-36],:(1),,,(2),,(3),65现代化工30(2)4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[36],,,,,,[1],,,[1],,.[J].,2005(4):249-252.[2],.[J].,1996,16(1):4-7.[3],,,.[J].,2004,23(2):38-43.[4],.[J].,2001(8):470-477.[5],.[J].,1996,27(3):25-29.[6],.[J].,2005(B10):82-86.[7].[D].:,2003.[8]asuyukiMatsushita,SeiichiYasuda.Preparationandevaluationoflignosulfonatesasadispersantforgypsumpastefromacidhydrolysislignin[J].BioresourceTechnology,2005,96(4):465-470.[9]AmelKamouna,AhmedJelidib,MoncefChaabounia.Evaluationoftheperformanceofsulfonatedespartograssligninasaplasticizerwaterreducerforcement[J].CementandConcreteResearch,2003,33(7):995-1003.[10],,,.[J].,2005(3):49-53.[11],,,.[J].,2007,34(5):26-30.[12],,,.[J].,1999,18(5):464-470.[13]AnXN,HerbertAS,GeraldET.DemethylatedKrafiligninasasubstituteforphenolinwoodadhesive[J].,1995,15(3):36-42.[14],,.LPF[J].,2007,21(4):678-684.[15]YsbrandyRE,SandersonRD,GerischerGER.Adhesivesfromautohydrolysisbagasselignin,arenewableresource.Part1.Thephysicalpropertiesoflaminatesmadewithphenolatedligninnovalacs[J].Holzforchung,1992,46(3):249-252.[16]YANGAil,iJIANGWenju.Studiesonacationicallymodifiedquaternaryammoniumsaltoflignin[J].ChemicalResearchinChineseUniversities,2007,23(4):479-482.[17],.[J].,2001,21(2):33-35.[18]SimionescuCRI,CazacuG,MacouveanMM.Ligninepoxyresins:.Physicalandchemicalcharacterization[J].CelluloseChemTechno,l1987,21:525-534.[19]SimionescuCI,RusanVioricaTurtaKI,etal.Synthesisandcharacterizationofsomeironlignosulfonaebasedligninepoxyresins[J].CelluloseChemTechno,l1993,27:627-644.[20],.[J].,2004,18(3):27-30.[21],,,.[J].,1998,6(17):55-56.[22],,,.[J].,2006,25(1):14-18.[23],.():[J].,1987,4:1-7.[24]MeisterJJ,ChenMJ.GraftphenylethylenecopolymersofligninI.synthesisandproofofcopolymerization[J].Macromolecules,1991,24(26):6843-6848.[25],,.[J].,2001,21(2):39-42.[26]DouglasNG,MiChaelDG.Hydrocarbonrecoverycomprisinginjectingaslugcomprisingoilsolublealkoxylatedsurfactantsfromlignin:US,5230814[P].1993-07-01.(下转第68页)66现代化工30(2):,,,,;,,,[3]1,21;2图1自由阻尼结构示意图1;2;3图2约束阻尼结构示意图[4],,,,,,,:23,,,,,,,,,,T54/T60[5],,,,[6],120,10,t2,11dB(A)748111667691141,,12dB(A),7dB(A),,T54/T60700,621XFT-2,2mm,3cm(8~12GHz)-20dB,40%,039725[7]E-51,,,,(上接第66页)[27],,,.PVC/NBR[J].,2001,24(6):358-360.[28],,,.[J].,2008,22(3):72-74.[29]KochHF,RoundhillDM.Removalofmercury()nitrateandotherheavymetalionsfromaqueoussolutionbyathiomethylatedligninmaterial[J].SeparationScienceandTechnology,2001,36:137-143.[30],,.[J].,2009,4(4):279-282.[31],,,.[J]..2008,38(2):117-120.[32],,.LPF[J]..2007,21(4):678-684.[33],.[J]..2009,37(7):68-72.[34],.[J].,2008,28(2):139-143.[35],,,.[J].,2005,13(4):42.[36],,,.[J].,2008,16(1):71-76.68