第1页Lesson46Doityourself一、单词讲解Newwordsandexpressionsplead[pliːd]v.找借口,辩解(offerasanexplanationorexcuse找借口辩解,举出…作为请求原谅的理由)pleaded,pleaded或pled,pled都怪,都怨,不是我的错,都是月亮惹的祸pleading['plidɪŋ]n恳求(n.恳求;答辩状adj.恳求的v.恳求;辩护;引证;承认(有罪或无罪);以……为借口(plead的现在分词))Inresponsetorenewedpleadings,Brucestopped.1、V-IIfyoupleadwithsomeonetodosomething,youasktheminanintense,emotionalwaytodoit.恳求pleadwithsbtodosth/pleadwithsbforsth2、V-IWhensomeonechargedwithacrimepleadsguiltyornotguiltyinacourtoflaw,theyofficiallystatethattheyareguiltyornotguiltyofthecrime.表示服罪/不服罪3、V-TIfyoupleadthecaseorcauseofsomeoneorsomething,youspeakoutintheirsupportordefence.为…辩护Heappearedbeforethecommitteetopleadhiscase4、V-TIfyoupleadaparticularthingasthereasonfordoingornotdoingsomething,yougiveitasyourexcuse.以…为借口Mr.Gilespleadsignoranceashisexcuse.pleadillness以得病为理由进行辩解pleadinsanity[ɪnˈsænəti]n.疯狂;精神错乱;精神病;insane疯狂的;精神病的;pleadignoranceeg.Thethiefpledignoranceoflaw.eg.Thethiefpledignoranceofpoverty.eg.Sheleftearly,pleadingaheadache.eg.Englishissopopularthatnoonecanpleadignoranceofit.plea[pliː]n.借口n.恳求,请求;辩解,辩护;借口,托辞onthepleaofillness以得病为理由ignorance无知,不懂ignorantadj.无知的;不了解(ofpersons)knowinglittleornothing;notawarebeignorantof对…不了解(不知道)/beignorantabouteg.Theseyoungmenareignorantoflife.anignorantanduneducatedman一个无知又没有学识的人ignorance(in)ignoranceof…不懂,(无知),不了解对什么的无知,不了解,对象用介词ofeg.Therecluselivesinignoranceofoutsideworld.eg.Hislong,dulllecturedisplayedhisignoranceofthesubject.Publicationn出版物n.出版;出版物;发表;公布,公开(什么的公布,公开对象也是用of)Aspokesmansaid:Wehavenocommentregardingthepublicationofthesephotographs.Regardingprep.关于,至于;就……而论withregardtoadv.关于;至于inregardto关于inthisregard就这一点而言regardasvt.把…认作newlywedsn.新婚夫妇weddingpresent结婚礼物weddingcakeweddingdress结婚礼服weddingbanquet婚宴weddingring结婚戒指unweddedmother未婚母亲newlyindustrializedcountries新兴工业化国家anewly-builthouse新盖好的房子anewly-electedPresident新当选的总统newly-bakedbread新出炉的面包第2页gailyadv愉快地,高兴地gayadj.1)(old)brightandattractive明亮的,引人注意的gaycolor鲜亮的颜色2)cheerfulandexcited兴高采烈的,兴奋的,快乐的eg.Workwhileyouwork,playwhileyouplay,thisisthewaytobehappyandgay.3)homosexual,esp.aman男同性恋者Lesbian[ˈlezbiən]女同性恋者bisexual双性恋gailyadv.cheerfullygailypainted涂有鲜亮的色彩gailydecorated用亮丽的颜色装饰leisuren.空闲n.闲暇;空闲;休闲;安逸adj.空闲的;有闲的;leisuretime业余时间leisurecenter休闲中心(往往是体育)leisureindustry休闲娱乐产业(娱乐产业)atone’sleisure==atleisure在空闲的时候/inone’ssparetimetheleisuredclass有闲阶级aleisurelystroll悠闲地散步keen[kiːn]adj.热心的,渴望的(热心应改成热切的,或者加分号,改成热衷的)1、敏锐的==acute/sharp2、强烈的(interestoremotion),激烈的==intense(fightorcompetition)3、渴望的==eagerbekeenonsth/doingsth(keennessN-U渴望)4、热衷的bekeenonsth/doingsth5、锋利的(用的比较少)akeenknife(sharp)akeenwind(coldandstrong)akeenmind/akeeninsight(clever)bekeenonsth喜欢做某事/bekeentodostheg.I’mkeenonhamburgers.(beveryinterestedinsth)eg.Themanwaskeentogooutofhospital.这个人急着出院。(beimpatienttodosth)befondof(like)eg.I’mfondofmusic.becrazyabouteg.I’mcrazyaboutEnglish.beearnestabout热心,且一本正经[ˈɜːnɪst]adj.认真的,热心的;重要的n.认真;定金;诚挚eg.Heisearnestabouthisnewjob.beenthusiasticabout对…热情很高eg.Themanisenthusiasticaboutdo-it-yourself.advisory[ədˈvaɪzəri]adj.咨询的(反方向:给予建议的,顾问的;语气重一些:劝告的)advisorycommittee顾问(咨询)委员会advisoryservices咨询服务advisableadj.明智的,可取的(可取的,合适的[正式][v-linkADJ])itisadvisabletodosth做…事实明智的Ithinkitadvisabletodoeg.Itisadvisabletoembarkonthetaskofsettingupourcompany.(从事)novice[ˈnɒvɪs]新手beanoviceat在什么方面上是新手I'manoviceatthesethings,Lieutenant.You'retheprofessionalhardenedadj.有经验的(侧重于老练的,老油子)--ahardenedplayer/ahardenedthiefexperiencedadj.富有经验的(侧重于有经验的)--anexperiencedteacherhardenvt.使变硬(硬化);使变坚强(坚固);使变冷酷无情hardened同时有以上释义的形容词意第3页veterann.&a.退伍军人;老兵;老战士(尤指参加过战争的)n.&a.有经验的人;老手agreenhandanewhand新手professionaladj.职业的,专业的n.专业人士proleaveittotheprobro(弟们)sup--aprofessionalplayer一个职业的选手--professionalqualification专业资格近义词occupationaladj.职业的;unprofessionaladj.未达专业水准的;违反职业道德的;不专业的;外行的Shewasfoundguiltyofunprofessionalconduct.amateurn.业余爱好者;外行,生手adj.外行的;业余的,非职业的consumer[kənˈsjuːmə(r)]消费者,顾客(n.消费者,用户,消费品)n.[经][生态]消费者;用户,顾客user,customer,client,guestconsumergoods生活消费品,日用消费品consumerdemand消费需求;消费者的要求consumerelectronics消费性电子产品;家用电子产品consumerspending消费性开支;消费者开销consumermarket消费者市场consumerright消费者权益consume消耗tousetime,energy,goodsetc,消费(带有享受或者利用的消耗);耗尽==touseup;吃;喝[正式]eg.Theautomobileconsumesgasoline.eg.Discussionconsumedquitealotofhourseg.Fireconsumedthewholehouse.beconsumedwith被某种情感所吞噬(特指感情方面)consumed充满的;对…著迷的beconsumedwithcuriosity充满好奇心beconsumedwithhate充满仇恨beconsumedwithgrief伤心欲绝beconsumedwithenvy/beconsumedwithjealousy妒火中烧consumption(另一个名词)消费;消耗;assemblevt装配;组装(vt&vi.使集合,集聚(人或者物))assembleamachineassembleacarassembleacomputerassemblestudents集合学生assemblyn.集会,大会;装配(注意是名词)UNAssembletherightofassembly集会的权利outlet[ˈaʊtlet]出路(n.向外的通路,出口,排放孔;销路;发泄的方法;批发商店)同近义词:exit,market,wayoutanoutletoftheriver河流的出口retailoutlet(零售)销售渠道eg.Sportsaregoodoutletsforworkpressure.运动时缓解工作压力的好办法。eg.Drawingprovidesanexcellentoutletforexpressingfeelings.绘画为表达情感提供了一个很好的用武之地。Outcomeresult普通用词,含义广泛,侧重因某种原因所产生的最终结果,而不是眼前的结果。effect指因某种原因直接产生的结果,着重持续稳定与其影响。outcome普通用词,多指事物经过一系列发展变化所导致的最终结局,而不是某种原因的直接结果。常可与result通用。consequence多指随某一事件引起的,必然或自然的不良结果,不强调直接的因果关系,而侧重事件发展的逻辑关系。Creati