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WordsandExpressions必修四Unit11.achievement/n./成就，功绩asenseofachievement成就感[u.]achievev.实现-----achievementn.成就realise/achieveone'sdreamexcitev.使兴奋-----excitementn.兴奋governv.管理-----governmentn.政府arguev.争吵----argumentn.争吵，争论treatv.对待----treatmentn.对待2.campaign/n./运动；战役;/v./作战acampaignfor为了……的运动acampaignagainst反对……的运动eg.Theystartedacampaignforequalrights.他们发起了一项争取平等权利的运动。(2)vi.参加运动；作战；campaignfor参加争取……的运动campaignagainst参加反对……的运动3.condition/n.C/条件;/n.U/状况，状态；身体健康是获得成功的条件之一。Heathisoneofthemostimportantconditionsofachievingsuccess.beingood/poor/excellentcondition处于好的/差的/极棒的状态中Sheisoftenintopcondition.I’mreallyoutofcondition.4.behave/v./举动；（举止或行为）表现eg.I'msorryaboutlastnight--Ibehavedlikeachild.对不起，昨天晚上我表现得太幼稚了。eg.Behaveyourself,youngman.年轻人，规矩些！(1)behaveoneself守规矩，表现得体；(2)well-behaved/adj./表现好的badly-behaved/adj./表现差的3.behave/v./举动；（举止或行为）表现ubehaviour/n./举止；行为；习性；eg.Theboywaswell-behavedatthebanquetandeveryonepraisedhisproperbehaviour.这个男孩在宴会上表现很好，因此每个人都表扬他恰当的举止.behaveoneself守规矩behavewell/badly(towardssb.)(对某人)态度/举止好/恶劣beonone’sbestbehavior举止规矩4.devote/vt./把….奉献，把…专用于1)devoteoneself/sth.to(doing)sth.献身于……；致力于……Hedevoteshimselftofinishingthetask.Shedevotesallhertimetoherfamily.2)devoted(adj.)深爱的，全心全意的，忠实的adevotedfriendSheisdevotedtoherfamily.她深爱她的家庭。5.whorthwile/adj./值得的，值得做的辨析worthwhile/worth/worthyworthwhile（可作定语和表语）aworthwhileexperimentTheexperimentisworthwhile.Itisworthwhiletodosth./doingsth.Itisworthwhiletodothejob.doingthejob.worthwhile/adj./值得的，值得做的*worth---beworth(doing)sth.Thebookis__________________.wellworthreading=Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook.beworthyofbeingdone.=beworthytobedone.Thejobisworthyofbeingdone.tobedone.6.observe/vt./观察，观测，遵守(1)观察；observesb.dosth.观察某人做某事（全过程）observesb.doingsth.观察某人正在做某事(2)遵守；observethetrafficrules遵守交通规则(3)庆祝;observetheSpringFestival/Christmas拓展：observationn.观察，观测；observeananniversary庆祝周年纪念observer/n./观察者;观测者;遵守者observation/n./观测，监测，观察，观察力underobservation在观察中;在监视中Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears,manyChinesestill____thetraditionalcustoms.A.performB.possessC.observeD.support解析:observe在此句中意为“遵守,奉行(法律、协议或习俗等)”。句意为：尽管在国外居住了这么多年，许多中国人仍然遵循着传统的风俗习惯。C7.respect/v./尊重，敬意respectsb.forsth.因某事而尊敬某人eg.我深深地敬佩他的勇气。Ideeplyrespecthimforhiscourage.=Ideeplyrespecthiscourage./n./show/haverespectforsb.尊敬某人eg.人们向这位残疾女孩表示敬意。Thepeopleshow/haverespectforthedisabledgirl.outofrespect出于尊重outofcuriosity/kindness/pity/interest/fearrespectful/adj./恭敬的，表示敬意的；respect/n./方面withrespectto关于，就……来说insomerespects在某些方面ineveryrespect/inallrespects在各方面outofrespectforsb.出于对某人的尊敬withoutrespectto不考虑……；不管……8.argue/v./讨论，辩论，争论arguewithsb.about/oversth.和某人争吵某事Wearguedwiththewaiteraboutthepriceofthemeal.arguefor为……而辩论argueagainst为反对……而辩论Theworkersarguedfortherightforthestrike.Somepeopleargueagainstthefreetrade.arguethat-clause主张……辨析argue/quarrel/discussargue常用作不及物动词，后面常接介词后才能加宾语。意为“辩论，争论”,有企图说服对方的含义。Theyarguedaboutthecaseforhours.quarrel意为“争吵，吵架”,侧重以“口角”的方式争执；discuss意为“讨论”,为及物动词，后直接加宾语，指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而商量；9.entertainment/n./款待，娱乐；娱乐表演Wewarmlygaveanentertainmenttotheforeignguests.entertain/v./款待，招待；娱乐，助兴entertaining/adj./有趣的，使人愉快的entertainsb.withsth.用……招待/款待某人Thechildentertainedhimselfwithbuildingblocks.10.inspire/vt./鼓舞，激发，启示inspiresb.todosth.激发某人去做某事Eg.Hisspiritinspiresustoworkhardtoachievemoreinourlife.inspiration(n.)灵感inspiring(adj.)鼓励人的inspired(adj.)有创作力的11.support/n.&vt./支持，拥护supportafamily赡养家庭supportoneself自力更生supportsb.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面支持某人supportsb.by(doing)sth.通过(做)某事支持某人insupportofsb./sth.支持或支援某人/某事givesupporttosb.支持或支援某人12.audience/n./观众，听众，读者①audience是集合名词，用作主语时，其谓语可用单数（视为整体）或复数（视为个体）;②形容听（观众）人数之多或少，通常用big,large,huge,mass,vast,wide以及small,thin等形容词修饰，但不用many,few修饰；③anaudience不是指“一个观众”，而是指某一群观众、某一个场次观众、某一方面的观众等；13.intend/vt./计划，打算intendtodo/doingsth.＝meantodosth.打算做某事sth.beintendedfor某物是为……而准备的intendsb./sth.todosth.想要某人/物去做某事intendthat-clause打算……hadintendedtodosth./intendedtohavedonesth.本来打算做某事14.emergency/n./突发事件，紧急情况It’sanemergency!情况紧急！Hewasalwayspreparedforanyunforeseeneventofemergency.他时刻为无法预料的紧急事件做好准备。astateofemergency紧急状态inanemergency遇紧急情况时15.considerate/v./考虑；/adj./考虑周到的consideration/n./考虑inconsiderationof...考虑到……，顾及……take...intoconsideration考虑到……;体谅……beunderconsideration在考虑中，在审议中giveconsiderationtosth./givesth.consider/v./考虑；认为considerdoingsth.考虑某事beconsideredtobe/as...被认为……；被看作……16.deliver/vt./递送，生（小孩）发表（演说等）deliverababy助产，接生deliversth.tosb.把某物递送给某人delivery/n./传送HeisdeliveringaspeechinEnglish.Wouldyoupleasedelivermymessagetoyourmother?1.humanbeing人一个人ahumanbeing人类humanbeingseg.Thisisaninventionthatbenefitshumanbeingseg.Weshouldmakegreatercontributionstohumanbeings.拓展：man/mankind人类（其前都不加冠词，都是u.其后谓语v.用单三）2.moveoff离开，启程，出发Whenwegottothestation,thetrainhadmovedoff.moveon继续前进/进行moveout迁出；搬出movein迁进；搬进moveaway搬走3.leada…..life过着…..的生活leadto通向；导致leadin导入；引进Ifeellikeleadingasimplelife.Thisroadleadstoourschool.4.crowdin（想法、问题等）涌上心头crowdin(onsb.)/crowdintoone’smind(想法、问题等）涌上心头，涌入脑海crowdout(常用被动)挤出；排挤在外crowdaround/round(sb./sth.)聚集在（某人/某物周围）crowdinto涌入，挤进…….acrowdof一群，众多becrowdedwith挤满……5.lookdownupon/on蔑视，瞧不起反义：lookupto