Passive(被动语态)ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主动语态)Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。(主动句)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。一般现在时:am/is/are+p.p一般过去时:was/were+p.p一般将来时:will/shallbe+p.p现在进行时:am/is/arebeing+p.p过去进行时:was/werebeing+p.p现在完成时:have/hasbeen+p.p三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如:Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.这本书出版于1981年。(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。例如:ThewindowwasbrokenbyMike.窗户是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。Iboughtabook(abookwasboughtbyme)(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。Themankilledatiger.→Atigerwaskilledbytheman.(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面).五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成.例如:Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Itshouldbedoneatonce三、被动语态的各种句型:Thesongislikedbyyoungpeople.(肯定句)否定句:一般疑问句:特殊疑问句:Thesongisn’tlikedbyyoungpeopleIsthesonglikedbyyoungpeople?Whoisthesonglikedby?Iamreadingabook.Theywereplayingagameat8’oclockyesterdaymorningIboughtabookyesterdayIhavefinishedmyhomeworkHebrokethewindow.Abookisbeingreadbyme.Agamewasbeingplayedbythemat8’oclockyesterdaymorning.Abookwasboughtyesterday.Myhomeworkhasbeenfinished.Thewindowwasbrokenbyhim.