英语冠词的用法

1英语冠词的用法一|、导入：冠词，是用来表示名词特性的一种词，也就是说，冠词是一个虚词，本身无词义，也不能单独使用，它用在名词之前，限定名词的意义，如果用了a/an/the，不管后面是什么词，都变成了名词。冠词可分为不定冠词a/an、定冠词the、和零冠词(不用冠词)三类。二、知识梳理(一)、不定冠词的用法:1、a/an用在单数可数名词前面，表示这个人或事物是泛指的不确定的一个，相当于中文的“一个”。通常在第一次提到某人或某物时用a/anIgavehimabookyesterday.Iamreadinganinterestingstory.Ihavegotaticket.Thereisatreeinfrontofmyhouse.用在不可数名词前面意义上也有变化如wood木头,awood一片树林power威力,apower大国/beauty美丽,abeauty美人,astrongwind一阵强风2、a用在读音为辅音开头的名词之前,而an用在读音为元音开头的名词之前。例如：auniversity(虽然u是元音字母，但不读元音。)anhour(虽然h不是元音，但单词读音是元音开头)3、用其中的任何一个，代表他们所属种类的特性。Ahorseisusefultomankind.马对人类有用。Abirdcanfly.鸟会飞。Asteelworkermakessteel.炼钢工人炼钢。4、用在事物的度量单位前,如时间、速度、价格等,表示每一个。Weoftengotoschooltwotimesaday.Iwenttothelibraryonceaweekatleast.5、用于某些特定的词组。例如：afew几个，alittle有点，等等。Shehasafewfriendsinthiscity.Thereisalittlemilkinthebottle.Onlyafewstudentsareintheclassroom.当有suchwhatmanysohowtooquietrathervery修饰时Heleftinsuchahurrythatheforgottoclosethedoor.Whataninterestingbookitis!Manyamanhasgonetobigcitiesforwork.Shewassoniceagirlthatshetooktheblindmantothestation.Howniceafilmthisis!QuiteagoodbookRathera/aratherusefultoolAveryinterestingstory.(二)、定冠词的用法21、特指某(些)人某(些)事物，双方都知道的人或物或再次提到，基本上所有名词前都可用。Thebaginthedeskismine.Isthisthebookyouarelookingfor?Doyouknowthemaninback?Itisnotthecarwearelookingfor.Themanhasfoundhischild.Isawafilmyesterday.Thefilmwasendedateighto'clock.Lucyboughtaradioyesterday,butshefoundsomethingwaswrongwiththeradio.2、用在西洋乐器前如playthepiano/violin/guitar/drumIlikeplayingthepiano3、用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。这些事物当然是特指的事物，不可能有两个以上。如thesunthemoontheearththeskytheworldthewinternightThesunisbiggerthanthemoon.Icanseeabirdinthesky.Iliketohaveawalkwiththebrightmoonlightintheevening.4、定冠词与单数名词连用,也可以表示这一类人或事物。Thedogisnottoodanger.Thecatisananimal.。Theumbrellaintheshopisverycheapinthisseason.5、定冠词与形容词连用,可表示某一类人或事物。如thepoortherichtheoldtheyoungtheblindThewoundedwerebroughttothehospital.Healwayshelpsthepoor.Thedeafcangotothisspecialschool.6、the用在姓名复数之前,表示一家人。TheGreensisverykindtous.TheWhitesliketheclassicmusic.。6、用在比较级、最高级或序数词前the+比较级……the+比较级……表示越……越thelongeryoustay,thebetteritwillbeShesaidtheebestwaytolearnEnglishwasbyreadingEnglishmagazine.Thefirstlessoniseasy.7、用在定语从句或介词短语所修饰的名词前Thegirlinredisherfriend.(三)、不用冠词(零冠词)1、人名、地名、国名等专有名词前通常不用冠词：MikeisEnglish,buthelikesBeijingopera2、头衔，职位，称呼前一般不加冠词：TheguardstooktheAmericantoGeneralLee.3ThisisDoctorLiIn1860,LincolnbecamePresidentoftheUnitedStates.Wemadehimheadofourclass.3、三餐、球类、学科前不用冠词，如havebreakfast/lunch/supper、playfootball/basketball/soccer/volleyball/tennisDinnerisready,Let’shurryup.Ioftenplayfootballwithmyfriends.WealllikeEnglish4、交通工具之后不用冠词，如bybus/plain/train/air/boat/ship/bikeEverydayIgotoschoolbybus.Didyoucomebackbyplaneorbytrain?5、表泛指一类或一般概念不用冠词：Horsesareusefulanimals.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Heisfondofmusic.6、已经有代词、所有格等修饰时，不用冠词Mymotherandfatherareschoolteachers.Doyouwanttoknowaboutmymorning?ThisisLiMing’sbook6、不是特定的节日、日期、星期、季节、年份、月份等名词前不用冠词，如Women’sDay、ChristmasDay、AprilFools’Day、NationalDay、ChristmasDayJune1isChristmasDay.ItisTuesday.Winterhascome,isspringstillfaraway?Hecameherein2016.7、序数词作副词时，前不用冠词：Hecamefirstintherace.Workmustcomefirst.8.一些固定词组中不用冠词，如gotobed,gotoschool,atnight注意区别有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，infrontof在…前面,inthefrontof在…范围内的前部gotohospital去医院看病gotothehospital去医院gotobed去睡觉gotothebed去床边attable吃饭atthetable在桌边atschool上学attheschool在学校三、随堂检测1.Tomorrowis______Teachers'Dayandwe'llmake______cardforourEnglishteacher.2.Thebusisrunningaboutseventymiles_____hour.3.Maryisinterestedin______science.4.Somepeopledon'tliketotalkat______table.5.LastnightIwentto______bedverylate.6.Don'tworry.Westillhave______littletimeleft.7.What______beautifulday!Andwhat______fineweather!8.In______winteritiscoldin______Beijingandwarmin________Shanghai.9.Johnis______cleverestboyinhisclass.10.Wecan'tlivewithout______wateror______air.411.TomorrowMr.SmithwillleaveParis,______capitalof______France,forWashingtonby______air.12.Wewerehaving______lunchwhentheycamein.13.Thisis______bookyougavemelastweek.14.Whatdidyoudo______lastSaturday?15.March8is______Women'sDay.16.If______weatherisfinetomorrow,wewillgotothepark.17.Ipreferplaying______pianotoplaying______basketball.18.At______ageoffive,hereadalotofbooks.19.TomandLucyareof______sameage.20.______harderwestudy,______morewelearn.1.×;a2.an3.×4.×5.×6.a7.a;×8.×;×;×9.the10.×;×11.the;×;×12.×13.the14.×15.×16.the17.the;×18.the19.the20.The;the四、归纳总结五、课后作业