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2010高考英语《语法》专题复习系列课件43《短文改错》（1）词法内容。包括名词、代词的数与格，反身代词，动词时态语态，非谓语动词、短语动词的用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级，形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。（2）句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致，并列连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。（3）行文逻辑。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理判断等。高考内容a.(00)Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.schoolmatesb.(04)Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.strangersc.(01)TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI’llgetmarksinallmysubject.subjects1.名词考点设置e.(02)OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.picturese.(05)Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhilestudyingatschool命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.f.(06)Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.advantagesideag、(07)Ilookedathisotherhands.handa.(02)Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.b.(03)SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.us2.代词myselfc.(03)OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.d.(05)Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.ittheire.(03)IwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.f.(06)Ijustsmiledtomeandthought,“WhatcanIdo?Weareguestsafterall.”命题特点：1.女性代词指代男性或相反；2.单数指代复数；3.代词词性误用。改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。myselfmyselftheyg、(07)Itookitinmeandwewalked.mine1.人称代词的偷换错误2.缺少人称代词的错误3.人称代词数的一致问题4.人称代词格的一致问题1.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.(NMET03)2.Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.(2004福建)theirwhosea.(01)wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.b.(02)IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.c.(03)ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish.d.(04)We’lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner.3.介词aboutataboute.(05)Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.forinf.(06)Hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard.in命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如talk,,serve,wait等。g、(07)Each^theselinesstandsforatroubleinmylife.of介词的错误1.Wepractiseforthreetimeseveryweek.(NMET98)2.AndIcan’tforgetthefoodyoucookedforI.(NMET95)mefora.(01)Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothat---dob.(02)Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcame.4.动词时态passedc.(03)Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.d.(04)Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass.readtalkf.(05)Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether.g.(06)WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB&Bhotelago.命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。tookhadh.(07)ThenIaskhim.askeda.(00)Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme.andb.(01)Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.c.(02)Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.or5.and\but\or误用及前后不一致butd.(06)Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.e.(02)wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.andvisitedf.(03)shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.命题特点：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。改正方法；1）根据句意确定误；2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。reada.(02)Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.inb.(04)Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.c.(03)ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateeverythingintoEnglish.how6.从句连词d.(01)Whatthingsareinotherhomes,Iwonder.whywhenf.(05)Earningtheirownmoneyallowsthemtospendonanythingasiftheyplease.g.(06)Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning.ifthat命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。a.(02)Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.theb.(01)Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,but---c.(04)onThursdayIwillhavetodecidewhatIwanttodooveraweekend.the7.冠词ad.(05)Ihopeyou’vehadpleasantjourneyhomea命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1）不定冠词a和an互改；2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。a.(04)Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.quietb.(04)TherehavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes.personalc.(04)FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.easyd.(05)SowhatIlearnedfromthejobwasmuchmoreimportantaswhatIearned.than8.形容词、副词e.(05)Mypronunciationwasterribly.f.(06)Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea.命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。terriblelatea.(01)MyparentswilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.tob.(02)Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.talkingc.(03)SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.9.非谓语动词visitedd.(05)Somestudentsmayalsotosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.tof.(05)Earningtheirownmoneyallowthemtospendonanythingastheyplease.命题特点改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。allows一、动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：NMET2003：Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.＿＿＿＿NMET2000：Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.＿＿＿＿readare动词形常见错误1)一般过去时与一般现在时错用。2)第三人称单数形式错用。3)and前后动词时态不一致。(and具有对称性）4)主谓不一致。5)缺少谓语动词（尤其缺be动词）6)主动语态与被动语态错用7)Usedto的运用错误二、名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：NMET2001：…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.＿＿＿＿NMET2003:Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome._____subjectswords改正方法：１．根据名词前的修饰限定成份．２．根据上下文的逻辑关系．1.Thereareadv