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ChineseOperaKunOpera昆曲YuOpera豫剧KunOperaisoneoftheoldestChineseoperas.ItwasborninthelateYuanDynastyinKunshanarea,JiangsuProvince.TheperformanceofKunOperahasitsuniquesystemandstyle.Itismostcharacterizedbyitsrichemotionandskillfulcombinationofsinginganddancing.ManyworksofKunOperapraisetheromanticancientlovestories.ThePeonyPavilion,therepresentativeworkofKunOpera,iseverlastinginChinesedramaliterature.Now,theappealforprotectingtraditionalculturewouldhelpKunOperabacktoitsprosperityagain.KunOpera昆曲昆曲是中国最古老的戏曲剧种之一，起源于元朝末年江苏昆山地区。昆曲的表演有它独特的体系和风格。它最大的特点就是感情丰富，歌唱和舞蹈巧妙结合。许多昆曲剧目都是歌颂浪漫的古代爱情故事。昆曲代表作《牡丹亭》是中国戏曲文学中的不朽之作。如今人们对保护传统文化的呼吁将有助于昆曲重新走向繁荣。KunOpera昆曲Itissomild温婉,exquisite细腻,sentimental多愁善感,andmelodious优美的。昆剧行腔优美，以缠绵婉转、柔漫悠远见长。Thelibretto(剧本)usuallyfocusesonastoryofromanticlove.昆剧剧本通常是讲述浪漫的爱情故。KunOperasingingemphasizes（强调）controlofthevoiceandchangesinrhythms（节奏韵律）昆曲演唱强调声音的控制和节奏的变化。Singersmustalsousetheirskillstoexpressthedisposition（性情）ofvariouscharacters,anaspectthataddscomplexitytotheform.演唱者也必须运用他们的技巧去表现不同人物的性情，这一方面增加了该形式的复杂性。MusicalInstrumentsThemusicalensemble合奏ismainlycomposedofwind吹奏乐器,stringed弦乐,andpercussioninstruments打击乐器.Theleadinstrumentofthewindsectionandtheentireensembleisthedi(aside-blown在一边吹奏的bambooflute长笛）.Itisaccompaniedbyaxiao(vertical垂直的,end-blownbambooflute),asuona(horn喇叭唢呐),andasheng(reedpipe簧片芦苇管).Thestringsectionconsistsofapipa(frettedlute琵琶).Thepercussionsectionisequippedwithguban(clappers鼓班),aluoandbo.Becausethebamboofluteprovidesthemainaccompaniment,KunOperaischaracterizedbysmoothandmellifluous流畅的甜美的music.笛箫唢呐鼓锣钹笙琵琶ThePeonyPavilion(TangXianzu)汤显祖的牡丹亭ThePeachBlossomFan(KongShangren)孔尚任的桃花扇ThePalaceofLongLife(HongSheng)洪升的长生殿TheWhiteSnake白蛇传TheWesternMansion(Southernversion,adaptedfromWangShifu'szaju)西厢记，改编自王实甫的杂剧TheInjusticedonetoDouE(adaptedfromGuanHanqing'szaju)窦娥冤，改编自关汉卿的杂剧TheKite(LiYu)风筝误李渔Masterpiece牡丹亭长生殿西厢记ThePeonyPavilionTheWesternMansionThePalaceofLongLife窦娥冤桃花扇白蛇传风筝误TheWhiteSnakeThePeachBlossomFanTheInjusticedonetoDouETheKite“HenanOpera”or“HenanHighTune”，isamajorlocaloperainHenanProvinceandenjoysnationwidepopularity.TherearefourstylesinYuOpera：Xiangfu(fromXiangfuCounty),Yudong(EastHenan),Yuxi(WesternHenan)andShahe(ShaheCounty).Itisnotedforitsskill-demandingmelodies,fluenttune,strongrhythmandintensiveuseofspokenlanguage.Itssimpleandplainperformanceaswellasitsstronglocalflavor,alwaysprovokestheapplauseoftheaudience.Therearemorethan600traditionalplaysintherepertoireofYuOpera.FamousperformersareChangXiangyu,ChenSuzhen,CuiLantian,GaoJie,WeiYuanandMaLin.YuOpera豫剧“豫剧“或”河南高调“，是河南省的主要地方剧种，享有全国知名度。豫剧有四种风格：祥福调（来自祥福县），豫东调（河南东部），豫西调（河南西部）和沙河调（沙河县）。它以其技能要求苛刻的旋律，流畅的曲调，强烈的节奏和利用口语集约利用而闻名。它简单朴素表演以及其浓郁的乡土气息，总是激起现场观众的阵阵掌声。在豫剧剧目中有600多个传统剧目。著名演员有常香玉、陈素贞、崔兰田、高杰、魏源和马琳。Xingfutune:HeardaroundKaifengRepresentatives:ChenSuzhenTuneTypesYudongtune:heardaroundShangqiuRepresentatives:MaJinfengTuneTypesYuxitune:HeardaroundLuoyangRepresentatives:ChangXiangyuTuneTypesShahetune:HeardaroundLuoheRepresentatives:ZhangSanwangTuneTypesRepertoiresMulanMuGuiyingCommand花木兰穆桂英挂帅TraditionalRepertoires:RepertoiresChaoyanggouJiaoYulu朝阳沟焦裕禄ModernRepertoires:RepertoiresNewWhiteSnakeHongmeiUnderGuillotine新白蛇传铡刀下的红梅NewRepertoires:Thankyou