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定语从句AttributiveClause1.概念在一个主从复合句中，修饰主句中的某个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。2.分类a.先行词分类---sb/sthb.引导定语从句的引导词分类-----关系代词、关系副词c.先行词在定语从句中的成分----主语，宾语，定语，状语d.定语从句形式分类---限制性、非限制性定语从句3.用法a.关系代词的用法：当先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，定语成分时要求使用关系代词。做主语who/that当先行词是人时做宾语whom/who/that/\省略做定语whose做主语which/that当先行词时物时做宾语which/that/\省略做定语whoseb.关系副词的用法：当先行词在句子中充当状语时，要求使用关系副词。做时间状语----whenon\duringwhich地点状语—wherein\atwhich原因状语—whyforwhich1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.asAcA定语从句练习4.Thehouse___windowsarebrokenwasboughtbymygrandfatherlastyear.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.whichD.ofthatA5.I’dlikeacar___frontlightsarebigandround.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.ofwhichC6.Theboy___motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.ofwhichC关系副词和先行词的关系IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=why关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.ThisisthefactorywhereIworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.Theschoolwheremystudiesisnearapark.They’llneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.They’llneverforgetJuly1whenHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.1.Thefarm_____westayedlastweekisalovelyplaceforaholiday.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.atthatB2.Haveyouvisitedthehouse_____thefamousscientistwasborn?A.whereB.inthatC.thatD.whichA3.October1,1949wastheday_____thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.inwhichB1.Thisistheman______wetalkedabout.2.Thisisthehouse______onceLuXunlived.3.Helivesintheroom____doorisgreen.4.Thegirl____fatherisadoctorworksveryhard.5.Hehasabrother____isaworker.6.Wewenttoschool_____wemetTom.7.Wewenttoschool_____youtalkedabout.8.Thatisthereason______Iwaslate.9.Thatisthereason_____yougavetoher.whomwherewhosewhosewhowherewhichwhywhich4.定语从句中需要注意的问题：问题一：关系代词which/that的区别在以下情况下只能使用关系代词that①先行词前有序数词、形容词最高级所修饰时ItisthefirstcompositionthatIhavewritteninEnglish.Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshowntheseyears.②先行词是不定代词时none,some,all,much,little,something,anything,everything,nothing.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?ThatisallthatIneed.③先行词被only,few,little,any,all等词所修饰时Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.Thereislittletimethatwecansee.④先行词中既有人又有物时Hetoldusthepeopleandtheplacesthathehadvisited.⑤主句中有who/whom时Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?⑥在therebe句型中，先行词是物时。ThereisabookthatIaminterestedin.以下的情况只用which①引导非限制性定语从句时Tomwaslateagain,whichmademeveryangry.②当关系代词前有介词时Thepenwithwhichheiswritingwasboughtlastweek.③先行词本身是that时Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.以下情况只能使用who①先行词为those指人时Thosewhowanttogotherewillwaitattheschoolgate.②therebe的句型中，先行词指人时Thereisayoungmanwhoasksforyou.1.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.allC2.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./D3.Those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.whoD限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别:1.意义不同限制性定语从句，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，具有限制作用，使先行词的含义更具体、更明确。如果省略了定语从句会造成句意不完整或概念不清。非限制性定语从句，与先行词的关系并不密切，只对先行词作附加、补充说明，省略后主句意思仍很清楚。eg.Adoctorisapersonwholooksafterthepatients.HeleftforCanada,wherehehadstayedfortwoyears.2.形式不同非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。3.翻译不同一般常把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的词之前；而翻译非限制性定语从句时，常和主句分开，按并列句翻译。eg.Heisaclerkwhoisbelievedinbythemanager.他是一位受到经理信任的雇员。Heisanhonestclerk,whoisbelievedinbymanager.他是一位诚实的雇员，受到经理的信任。Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggestedstoppingatthenexttown.彼得开了一天的车，提议在下一座城镇停下来。4.含义不同1.Allthebookswhichhavepictureshavebeensenttohim.Allthebooks,whichhavepictures,havebeensenttohim.2.Hehasabrotherwhoisadoctor.Hehasabrother,whoisadoctor.特殊注意的问题1.which在所引导的非限制性定语从句中，有时可修饰整个句子，代替前面一整句话。a.Bambooishollow,whichmakesitverylight.b.Theexamhasbeenputoff,whichiswhatwewant.c.Marywaslateagain,whichmadeherteacherangry.2.as引导的定语从句①当先行词前有such,thesame修饰时，先行词在从句中做主语、宾语时使用as.a.Hehasboughtthesametypeofbike___Ihave.b.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthings___youarenotsureof.c.Suchteachers___knowTomthinkhimbright.asasasthesamesuchSuch②as用在非限制性定语从句中，as代表主句整句意义。as译为“正如”。此时，as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，或是主句之后，或是分割主句。a.Herperformancewasexcellent,aswehadexpected.b.TaiWan,asisknowntoeveryone,isapartofChina.c.Asweallknow,lighttravelsfasterthansound.诸如这类as引导的定语从句通常有固定的译法：asweallknow正如大家都知道的asIcanremember正如我所记得的asiswellknown众所周知asisexpected正如预料的那样asyousee这一点你明白asisoftenthecase这是常有的事asisreported正如所报道的那样1.______wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_____weuseintheexperiment______Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Sheisverygoodatdance,____everybodyknows.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as4.Itwasraining,_____wasapity.A.whatB.thatC.thewhichD.which5.______hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As6.Wedothesamework_____theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.likeDADDDBThisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethe