不定代词知识点总结

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1不定代词的用法一、复合不定代词由some.any.no.every.和body.thing.one构成的合成词1.复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式EverybodyinourclassinterestedinEnglish.2.修饰复合不定代词的词必须放在其后Ihavetotellyou.(一些重要的事情)Weneedonemorehelper.Canyoufindanyoneelse?3.none在句中不能单独作主语,但可和of短语一起作主语,但其它复合不定代词可单独作主语,但不能同of连用4.anyone/anyone;noone/none的用法1)anyone和anyoneanyone仅指人,anyone既可指人,也可指物。2)noone和nonea)none不能单独做主语,后跟of短语一起做主语,既可指人又可指物,而noone只单独使用,只指人。b)none作主语,谓语动词用单,复数均可,而noone作主语谓语动词只能是单数。Noneofyoucouldliftit.你们中没有人可举起它。----Didanyonecallmeupjustnow?--刚才有人打电话给我吗?----Noone.--没有。(注意:Everyone等同于everybody,只能指人。everyone既可指人也可指物,还可以与of短语连用。Iwouldlikeeveryonetobehappy.Everyone\everyonelikesMary.Ihavekepteveryoneofherletters.)二、普通不定代词all.both.each.either.none.neither.every,more,(a)little,(a)few,much,many,another,other,some,any等不定代词的用法一)两者:Both都,either任何一个,neither都不三者:all都,any任何一个,none都不1.all和both的用法。21)all和both都表示整体,但all都,指三者以上。both都,指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。AllofuslikeMr.Pope.我们都喜欢Pope先生。(作主语)=WealllikeMr.Pope.(作同位语)Allthewaterhasbeenusedup.(作主语)That'sallfortoday.(作表语)Whynoteatall(of)thefish?(作宾语)Alltheleadersarehere./Allknowledgecomesfrompractice.(作定语)2)both和all加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定,要分别用neither和none。Bothofusarenotgoodatsinging.Neitherofusisgoodatsinging.Alloftheteachersarenotforeigners.Noneoftheteachersareforeigners..注意:all与none用法一样。跟单数名词,用单数动词;跟复数名词,用复数动词。Allofthestudentsarethere.All(of)themilkisthere.2.neither与nor的用法1)如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用nor。Ifyoudon'tdoit,neithershouldI.如果你不干,我也不干。2)如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。Hecan'tsing,nordance,norskate.3.neither和either的用法1)neither表示“两者都不”,neither„nor„意为“既不„又不„”。either表示“两者中的任何一个”,either„or„意为“或是„„,或是„„”Neitheroftheanswerisright.Ihaveneithertimenormoneytotakeatrip.Eithersentenceisright.3Youcaneithergoorstay.二)、Some,any的用法1)都可用作主语,宾语,any但常用于否定句或疑问句中,some常用于肯定句中---HaveyouanyFrenchbooks?---Yes,Ihavesome.DoesanyofyouknowMr.Liu?Idon’tlikeanyofthesepictures.2)some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”作形容词时,后面可以接①可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。Look!Someofthestudentsarecleaningthelibrary.Somericeinthebaghasbeensoldout.3))any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些,任何”用作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。Haveyougotanytea?Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.Thereisn'tanyorangeinthebottle.注意;当问句表示邀请或者请求,或期待得到肯定回答时要用some。ShallIgetsomeforyou?Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?any用于肯定句,表示“任何”Youmaycometoaskquestionsatanytime,I’llbeatschoolthewholeafternoon.三)代词it的用法1)指代前面提到过的事物Thisisnotmybook.ItisJim’s.2)指代指示代词this\thatWhat’sthis?Itisabook.3)指婴儿或不明身份的人Whoisthebabyinthepicture?It’smybrother.4)指时间或季节Whatisyourfavouriteseasom?It’sautumn.5)表距离Howfarisitfromheretoyourschool?6)表天气What’stheweatherlikeinBeijinginwinter?It’cold.7)用作形式主语,常用于下列句型中(1).It’s+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.(2)It’stimetodo\for\that…(3)Itseemsthat…(4)It’sone’sturntodosth.(5)Itis+adj.+that..48)用作形式宾语Doyouthinkitnecessarytolearntowaitinline.9)引导强调句型Itis\was+被强调部分+that\who+其它成分)ItwasintheparkthatTomlosthiswatch.注意:一)Itone(ones),that,(those)作替代词时的区别1)it特制上下文提到的同一对象,是同一事物Thebookismine,It’sveryinteresting.2)泛指上下文提到的同类事物中的一个,同类而不同物—Whohasapen?---Ihaveone.3)That常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词(可数名词单数和不可数名词),those常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的可数名词复数,以避免重复。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.四)few,afew,little,alittle在用法上的区别1)(a)few+可数名词,(a)little+不可数名词2)afew/alittle为肯定含义,还有一点3)few/little为否定含义,没有多少了。Hehasafewfriends.他有几个朋友。Hehasfewfriends.他几乎没有朋友。Westillhavealittletime.我们还有点时间。Thereislittletimeleft.几乎没剩下什么时间了。4)固定搭配:onlyafew(=few)notafew(=many)quiteafew(=many)manya(=many)Manybooksweresold.Manyabookwassold.5)alittle和little也可以用作副词,alittle表示“有点,稍微”,little表示“很少”。I'malittlehungry.(修饰形容词hungry)Lethimsleepalittle.(修饰动词sleep)Mary,goalittlefaster,please.(修饰副词比较级)Shesleptverylittlelastnight.五)1)other可以作形容词用,后面可以跟单数或复数名词,意思是“其他的、别的”。Wherearehisotherbooks?Ihaven'tanyotherbooksexceptthisone.52)other也可以用作代词,与冠词the连用构成“theother”,表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one...,theother...”句型。Hehastwobrothers.Oneis10yearsold,theotheris5yearsold.Sheheldarulerinonehandandanexercise-bookintheother.3)other作代词用时,可以有复数“others”,泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some....,others...”句型。Somewenttothecinema,otherswentswimming.Thiscoatistoolarge.Showmesomeothers,please.4)“theothers”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。Wegothomeby4o'clock,buttheothersdidn'tgetbackuntil8o'clock.InourclassonlyTomisEnglish,theothersareChinese.5)another可以作形容词用,修饰后面的名词,意为“另一个”,还可以跟代词one.Youcanseeanothershipinthesea,can'tyou?Marydoesn'twanttobuythisskirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowheranotherone?6)another也可以作代词用,表示“另一个”。I'mstillhungryafterI'vehadthiscake.Pleasegivemeanother.6巩固练习:Ⅰ.Choosethebestanswer()1.Thisisaveryoldsong,so______youngpeopleknowit.A:fewB:littlec:afewD:alittle().Thetwofishermensaw______intheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.A:somethingstrangeB:anythingstrangeC:strangesomethingD:strangeanything()3.Therearen’tmanyorangeshere,butyoucantake______ifyouwantto.A:fewB:afewC:alittleD:little()4.Therearetwentyteachersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachersand______arementeachers.A:theotherB:theothersC:othersD:other()5.Mysportsshoesaretoosmall.Iwanttobuy______pair.A:theothersB:theotherC:otherD:another()6.Ididn’tlikethecrosstalk.______oftheactorswasfunny.A:BothB:AllC:NeitherD:Eith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