鲜活农产品配送的模式及路线优化研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文鲜活农产品配送的模式及路线优化研究姓名：刘婵媛申请学位级别：硕士专业：管理科学与工程指导教师：杨超20060419IMatlab7.0IIAbstractAsthemarketoffreshagricultureproductsturnedintobuyersmarketandbirdfluhappenedintheglobalworld,consumerspaidmoreattentiontofreshagricultureproducts’quality,safety,packageetc.Thedemandoffreshagricultureproductsbecamediversified.Whetheritcouldefficientlydeliverytheseproductswithlow-costwouldbeconsideredasastrategyforacountrytostablydeveloptheruraleconomicsandimprovethefarmers’income.Underthisbackgroundthispaperfocusedontheresearchofdistributionmodelandvehicleroutingoptimizationoffreshagricultureproducts.Thispaperfirstanalyzedthelogistics’characteristicoffreshagricultureproductsandcurrentproblemsexistedinitslogistics’channelinourcountry,andthengaveoutareviewonresearchaboutlogisticsandvehicleroutingproblem.Inchapter3,thispapercomparedlogistics’operationbetweenourcountryanddevelopedcountriesfromfivefields:logisticsconcept,logisticsconstruction,logisticsplayer,coldchain,andlogisticsinformation,andsummarizedadvancedexperienceswhichourcountryshouldlearnfromthoseadvancedcountries.Inchapter4,thispaperproposedthreeconstructionprinciplesofdistributionmodeloffreshagricultureproducts.Basedontheseprinciples,thispaperbuiltupdistributionmodelsforwholesalemarkets,supermarketsandprocessors,anddiscussedaboutrestrictivefactorsandadaptabilityofeverymodeltomakeitworkmoreefficiently.Laterthischapterresearchedonhowtooperateitsdeliverybasedondifferentlogistics’providerforanenterprise.Inchapter5,thispaperdefinedanexponentiallyperishablefunctionoffreshagricultureproducts.Avehicleroutingproblemwithtimewindowforfreshagricultureproductswasbuiltafteranalyzingitsdistributiontaskplanning.Thenwecodedthemax-minantalgorithminMatlab7.0toobtainanapproximateoptimalresultwithinareasonableamountoftimeforthatproblem.Intheendofthispaper,thispapersummarizedthecontentsoftheresearch,andpresentedthefutureresearchdirection.KeywordsFreshagricultureproductsDistributionmodelVehicleroutingproblemTimewindowMax-Minantalgorithm_____111.1[1]920046.312000[1]1-11-120036933260718494705145175403220047260272423684855152435492720057700286028455100160765625420032004,2005,2003,2004,2005,21.2.3.4.[2]1.21-11-131.390,,,,1-1//425305%902030[3]2090:51.4Matlab7.0622.12002[4]2003,[5][6]2004[7]2003[8]2003[9]2004[10]2005[11]20057[12]2005[13]2005[14]Wageningen[15](JIT)82.2VRP2.2.1VRPVehicleRoutingProblemVRP0DmkQniq1959DantzigRamserijcij10kijkijx=VRP9}{00,11111min0(1)10,1,2,...(2)..1nnmkijijijjikmnkijkjnnkkijjijjkijcxxmixxikmstx==≠=====≤==≤=∈=∑∑∑∑∑∑∑}{}{}{10,10,1,2,...(3)11,2,...(4)1,2,...(5)mnkjjimnkijkiijkiijkjinxjnqxQkm==≠==≠=∈=∈≤∈∑∑∑∑10,nniji=≠∑∑[16]123456789):1012)34)5)2.2.2VRPTWBodin10(1983)Hax1984Solomon(1987)[17]90VRPVRPTW(VehicleRoutingProblemwithTimeWindows)ATVRPVRPTW0DM(1,2...)jRjn=(1,2...)jqjn=,[]jjseikwkiisiieiiktkiijτij}{1,2,...(6),,1,2,...(7)ijiikikikijikjksteforintwxtijnkKτ≤≤∈++⋅≤∀∈=VRPTWVRP(6)11(7)VRPVRPTWVRP2.2.3VRP(TravelingsalesmanProblem,TSP)VRPGaeryTSPNPVRPNPVRPVRP1K[18]VRPVRP[19]2VRP[20]VRP,,RegoCesar[21]1..12Clarke-Wright[22]ClarkWright,VRPn-1(),,,SweepWren,Gillett[23],,TSPTSP2.Chrisofides-Mingozzi-Toth[24]CVRPDVRP:kopt−,3VRPGlover1986GendreauVRP[24]S.C.Ho13[25]70J.HollandJ.LawrenceVRP[24],3opt−,VRP[26][27]/DorigoColorni91[28](TSP)VRP[29]/[30-32]Matlab2opt−VRP[33]1433.13.1.119973.1.215”,,1318,1118[34],,,[7],,,,3.1.316[35]8090%3.1.417[36]2-1[37-40]2-180100308000t800t166122679234000809050251510.1%3.1.5,18[41][7]CISC[42]3.23.2.1[43]12[13]3193.2.23.3.320[44][45]!3.3.4-3-15[46]21POSEDIGPS3.3.5224[5]4.14.1.1234.1.2[47]4.1.3244.2254.2.1[45]/4-1264.2.2[13]POS4-2/…27[44]4.2.3284-3294.34.3.14-4304.3.24-5314.3.3[48]AABBCC4-6324.3.44-7334.3.5SWOTSWOTSWOTSStrengthsWWeaknessesOOpportunitiesTThreatsSWOTSWOT1)2)3)344)4-8SWOT3555.11982Nahmias[49]Dave[50]Shiue[51]K5-10()(1)tQtQKeβ−=⋅⋅0QtβKβ36tQ0Q05-15.25.2.137VIP(,)GVA(0,1,2,...)iVin=0VAijtijcmQ:,,ijdijijvij/ijijijdvτ=ijikwki38iqiisiieiijcijp,ijikijjkijjikiftststotherwiseττ+≥=−kij10kijkijx=iktki/()iiiktqKeQβ−⋅=kikti0V}{00,1011min()0(1)10,1,2,.....nnmnkijijiiijjikimnkijkjkkijjicxQqpxmixxikmst==≠====+−⋅≤==≤=∈∑∑∑∑∑∑}{1110,(2)11,2,...(3)1{1,2,...}(nnjjmnkijkjjikijxinxjn====≠=∈=∈∑∑∑∑}{}{10,10,4)1,2,...(5),1,2,...,1,2,...(6)mnkiijnnkiijkijjikkikijikijjkiikiqxqkmttwxtijnkKste==≠==≠≤∈++⋅≤∀∈=≤≤∑∑∑∑}{}{1,2,...(7)/()1,2,...,1,2,...(8)iiiktforinQqKeinkKβ−∈=⋅∀∈=3910V0V2k0V0V3456kikijkjjkt78i0Viktisie5.2.2VRPTWVRPTWNP-hardNP-hardTSP[52]()40,[][][][]ijijkijilillPαβαβτητη⋅=⋅∑ijη(,)ij1/ijijdη=ijτ(,)ij,αβ0α5,1β5lkMax-MinAntsystem(MMAS)Stutzle[53]minmax[,]ττO(2ncmn⋅⋅)(1),0ijτ∆=,1ijτ=,0nc←,1k←_0soluT=,_netQQ=,_12{,,...}netnVVVV=,,bestZMM=.(2)_allowedV_allowedV_allowedV1kk←+_0soluT=_netQQ=_allowednetVV=_(3)__[][][][]ijijkijallowedilillVallowedPifjVαβαβτητη∈⋅=∈⋅∑V′_netQ_soluT_netV41(4)_netV2nmk←(5)(,)ij:(1)()()2(,)()0ijijijijtttifijLgbotherwiseτρτττ+=+∆∆=()Lgb.0.1ρ0.9(6)max12.(0)081()()1281()kijgbijgbkfStkfSρτρτρ+−=−()gbfSmaxmin10ττ=,ijτmaxmaxminmin,=,ijijijijififττττττττ=(7)(,)ij0;1ijncncτ∆←←+(8)