Unit-5-The-Tapestry-of-Friendship-5

TheTapestryofFriendshipEllenGoodmanContentsⅠ.SpeakingActivitiesⅡ.ListeningActivitiesⅢ.BackgroundInformationⅣ.StructuralAnalysisⅤ.LanguageWorkⅥ.ImportantandDifficultSentencesⅦ.RhetoricalAnalysisⅠ.SpeakingActivities1.Doyoukeepintouchwithyourchildhoodfriends?2.Whatdoyouneedfriendsfor?3.Whatmakesagoodfriendship?4.Howtomakefriends?Whatcanfriendshipsgiveus?FunWaysToShareFeelingsLearnNewSkillsFindUnderstandingandSupportWaysToFeelNeededAndUsefulYouCanBeYourselfAmandiesoftenashelosesafriend.Butwegainnewlifebynewcontacts,newfriends.—BaconInprosperityourfriendsknowus;inadversityweknowourfriends.—C.Collins-Myfriendsaremyestate.－EmilyDickinson,AmericanPoetTopreserveafriendthreethingsarerequired:tohonourhimpresent,praisehimabsent,andassisthiminhisnecessities.ProverbsonFriendshipCulturalinformation4AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationChineseSayingsaboutFriendship:-近朱者赤，近墨者黑。-Keepgoodmencompanyandyoushallbeofthenumber.-亲兄弟，明算账。-Evenreckoningmakeslongfriends.-物以类聚，人以群分。-Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.-君子之交淡如水。-Ahedgebetweenkeepsfriendshipgreen.-海内存知己，天涯若比邻。-Abosomfriendafarbringsadistantlandnear.-有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！-Isn’titgreatwhenfriendsvisitfromdistantplaces?WhatMakesAGoodFriendship?SharedInterestsSharedValuesTrustHonestyRespectCooperationReliabilitySupportUnderstandingSensitivityForgivenessToleranceHowtomakefriends?Gowherepeoplearemostfriendsyoumakewhohavethesameinterestsyoudo.Beafriendtoyourself-don’tputyourselfdown.Becheerful-smile,don’talwayswaitfortheotherpersontospeakfirst.Beyourself-nooneisperfect.Yourfriendswon’texpectyoutobe,soitisbesttojustbeyourself.Don’texpectperfectioninyourfriends-likeyou,yourfriendswillmakemistakesnowandthen.Laughwiththemaboutit,butdon’tputthemdown.Friendshipistogiveandtake-friendshipissharingthingslikefeelings,plans,anddreams.Tomakeandkeepafriend,youhavetogiveaswellastake.Learntocompromise.Realizeyouwillsometimesdisagreewithyourfriend-nobodyagreesallthetime.Disagreementsdon’thavetomeantheendofarelationship.Giveyourfriendspace-almosteveryonelikestobealonesometime.Giveyourfriendspacetohaveotherfriends,too.Bechoosyaboutyourfriends-realfriendswillnotaskyoutodothingsthatareharmfulandagainstthelaw.Letpeopleknowthatyouareinterestedinthem.Don’tjusttalkaboutyourself;askquestionsaboutthem.So-----TOHAVEAFRIEND…BEAFRIEND!RemembertheGoldenRuleofFriendship…TREATOTHERSASYOU’DLIKETOBETREATED!SOMEWHEREOUTTHERE,AFRIENDSHIPISWAITINGTOSTART!So,makesurethatyouarefamiliarwiththerecipeoffriendship!BackgroundinformationFriendshipisarelationshipwhichinvolvesmutualknowledge,esteem,andaffection.Friendswillwelcomeeachother'scompanyandexhibitloyaltytowardseachother,oftentothepointofputtingtheother'sinterestsbeforeone'sown.Theirtasteswillusuallybesimilarandmayconverge,andtheywillshareenjoyableactivities.Theywillalsoengageinmutuallyhelpingbehavior,suchasexchangeofadviceandthesharingofhardship.Afriendissomeonewhomayoftendemonstratereciprocatingandreflectivebehaviors.Yetformany,friendshipisnothingmorethanthetrustthatsomeoneorsomethingwillnotharmthem.Ⅱ.ListeningActivities1.Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Pleasewritethewholepassageonyouranswersheet.Ioncesaidthatafriendisafriendalltheway,butnowIbelievethat'sanarrowpointofview.ForthefriendshipsIhaveandthefriendshipsIseeareconductedatmanylevelsofintensity,servemanydifferentpurposes,meetdifferentneedsandrangefromthoseasall-the-wayasthefriendshipofthesoulsistersmentionedabovetothatofthemostcasualplaymates.Thebestoffriends,Ibelieve,totallyloveandsupportandtrusteachother,andbaretoeachotherthesecretsoftheirsouls,andrun-noquestionsasked-tohelpeachother,andtellharshtrusttoeachotherwhentheymustbetold.Butweneedn'tagreeabouteverythingtotolerateeachother'spointofview,toacceptwithoutjudgment,togiveandtotakewithouteverkeepingscore,andtobethere,asIamforthemandastheyareforme,tocomfortoursorrows,tocelebrateourjoys.ExtendedInformationThekindsoffriendshipsSameGenderMale-femaleGroups(Ethnic;Existential)Culturalinformation5AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationWomen’sFriendshipFemalefriendshipsareoftenseenashavingelementsofintimacyandsupport.Womentypicallydescribetheirfriendshipsintermsofclosenessandemotionalattachment.Whatcharacterizesfriendshipsbetweenwomenisthewillingnesstoshareimportantfeelings,thoughts,experiences,andsupport.Womendevoteagooddealoftimeandintensityofinvolvementtofriends.Friendshipsbetweenwomen,moresothanbetweenmen,arebroadandlesslikelytobedivided.GenderPatternsinFriendshipCulturalinformation6AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationMen’sFriendshipsUnlikewomen,menaretypicallysocializedbysocietytobelesssocialandhavemoredifficultywithfriendships;theyareoftenraisedtocompetewithothermenandnotcooperatewiththem,tohidetheirvulnerabilitiesandnotsharetheirinnerexperiences.However,likewomen,mencanbenefitfromthesocialbondsoffriendship.Thegreatfriendshipsrecordedinhistoryhavebeenbetweenmen,andfriendshipsamongmenhaveoftenbeenromanticizedandidealized.Men’sfriendshipshavetypicallybeendescribedintermsofbra