11同位语从句

同位语从句Grammar1.Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.2.YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother’s.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartserveasineachsentence?同位语1.Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.2.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.3.ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.Findoutthefollowingsentencesfromthetext同位语从句1.概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，是名词的具体内容。3.引导词：常用that引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether①如果同位语从句意义完整,则用that引导。that不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。如：Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。(thesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce是theorder的全部内容,且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句)②如果同位语从句意思不完整，需增加“是否”的含义,则应该用whether引导。如：We’lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。注意:if不能引导同位语从句。③如果同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义,应该用when,where,how等词引导。如：IhavenoideawhenChaplin’sfilmwillbeon.我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。Ihavenoimpressionhowhewenthome,perhapsbybike.我记不清他是怎样回家的,或许是骑自行车回去的。④当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。如：Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。Wordcamethathehadlefthiswife.他离开妻子的消息传来。4.其后常用同位语从句的名词可以跟同位语从句的名词主要是抽象名词，通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息）,possibility等。如：1)I’vecomefromMr.Wangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。注:1.同位语从句多用that引导;2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.2)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.3)Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.demand，suggestion,proposal等同位语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即:(should)+动词原形eg.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.推迟那项计划的建议将在明天讨论。5.虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法6.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句定语从句that只是起连接作用，不充当成分that起连接作用，充当主语或宾语对前面名词进行补充说明，是名词的具体内容对前面名词进行修饰或限定that不能省that作宾语时可省Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语)Ihaveheardthenewsthathevisitedfactory.Ihaveheardthenewsthathetoldyoutheotherday.同位语从句定语从句【例题点击】1.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as答案为B。moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities是information的内容,且连接词在从句中不作成分,所以该句为同位语从句。B7.练习坊判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1.TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.2.ThehopethatsheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.3.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.4.Ican’tstandtheterriblenoisethatsheiscryingloudly.同位语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.Astorygoes____ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that2.Thereismuchchance____Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.ifD考考你A2.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.Thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforward.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as答案为B。thathasbeenputforward为information的修饰性定语,且引导词在从句中作主语,所以该句为定语从句。B3.Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.A.whenB.thatC.whatD./4.Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.A.whichB.thatC./D.it5.Wehaven’tsettledthequestion___itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatBCA【实践见真知】一.用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空1.Thenews_______hecan'tcometohelpusworriesusalot.2.Ihavenoidea_______hewillreturn.3.Ihavenoinformation_______hewentcampinglastSunday.4.Heexpressedtheopinion_____Tomshouldbemademanagerofthefactory.thatthatwhenwhere5.There'snodoubt_______hewaskilledintheaccident.6.There'sgreatdoubt_______hedidsoornot.7.Hetoldmethenews_______hishousehadjustburneddown.8.Wordcame_______thePresidentoftheUSAwouldinspectthearmy.thatwhetherthatthat二.将两个单句改写为含有同位语从句的复合句.1.Thenewsexcitedus.Ourteamwonthegame_______________________________________2.Thefactisclear.Womencanworkaswellasmen.____________________________________Thenewsthatourteamwonthegameexcitedus.Thefactthatwomencanworkaswellasmenisclear.名词性从句nounclause主语从句subjectclause宾语从句objectclause表语从句predicativeclause同位语从句appositiveclause1.Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.2.Itisnotimportantwhowillgo.3.HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.4.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.5.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.6.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.主从宾从表从同位语从句宾从主从1._______surprisedmemostwas________suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That...whatB.What...thatC.That...whichD.What...which2.Tomisverylazy.Thatis____hedidn’tpasstheexam.A.whetherB.whyC.thatD.what3.Idon’tknow__________therewillbeabus.A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.which4.ThereasonwhyIwassadwas_____hedidn’tunderstandme.A.howB.whatC.thatD.which