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状语从句AdverbialClauses1.什么是状语：在句中用来修饰动词、形容词、副词的成分被称为状语。如：Heworksveryhard.Heisrealhandsome.2.什么是状语从句：用作状语的句子被称为状语从句。really1.AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）3.DifferentKindsofAdverbialClauses:2.AdverbialClausesofReason(原因状语从句）3.AdverbialClausesofConditions(条件状语从句）4.AdverbialClausesofPlace(地点状语从句）5.AdverbialClausesofPurpose(目的状语从句）6.AdverbialClausesofResult（结果状语从句）7.AdverbialClausesofComparison（比较状语从句）8.AdverbialClausesofConcession(让步状语从句）9.AdverbClausesofManner(方式状语从句)4.位置：主前从后亲密没够，从前主后得有小逗，从在主中需俩逗逗。Iwasreadingabookwhenhecamein.Whenhecamein,Iwasreadingabook.Iwas,whenhecamein,readingabook.时间状语从句whenwhileasbeforeaftertill/untilsinceassoonas普通连词特殊连词themomenttheminutethesecondtheinstantevery/eachtimenexttimeanytimebythetimethefirsttimeimmediatelydirectlyinstantlyWhen的用法1.When即可以引导一个持续性动作，又可引到一个短暂行动作。可用以表示主从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句。(从句动词可延续也可非延续)IwasthinwhenIwasachild.Thefilmhadbeenonwhenwearrived.2.beabouttodo…when…bedoing…when…beonone’sway…when…beonthepointofdoing…when…hadjustdone…when…以上句式中的“when”译为“这时或那时”不可以用其它连词替换。ThetelephonewasringingwhenIgothome.Iwasabouttogotobedwhenhecameback.Wewerejust__callinghimup__hecamein.A.about;whenB.onthepointof;whileC.onthepointof;whenD.onthepointof;asIwaswalkingdownthestreetwhileIheardsomeonecallingforhelp.when3.When还以引导条件状语从句相当于ifHowcanIexplainittoyouwhen/ifyouwon’tlisten.Whenyoureaditagain,themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou.While的用法1.必须引导持续性动作，强调在一段时间内，主句和从句动作同时发生。MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.2.“然而”表示对比。IlikewatchingTVwhilehelikesreading.3.引导让步状语从句“虽然、尽管”WhileIadmithisgoodpoints,Icanseehisshortcomings.尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是看到了他的缺点。4.引导条件状语从句“只要”Whilewearehere,don’tworry.As的引导时间状语从句的用法1.“随着”2.“一边…一边…”3.“当…”强调动作同时发生，无先后.1.AsIgetolder,Igetmoreoptimistic.随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。2.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他匆匆忙忙回家，边走边往后看。3.Ashewasgoingout,itbegantorain.当他出去时开始下雨了。“as”可以引导的其它状语从句：•Youngasheis,heknowsalot.（让步）•Ashewasn’treadyintime,wewentwithouthim.（原因）•DoasItoldyou./doasyoulike.（方式）•HeisasoldasI/me.（比较）•连接词when,while,as的用法区别：1．while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也可以是非延续的动词。如：When/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.2．从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。如：Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3．表示“随着…,一边…一边”，连词用as.如：Astheelectionapproached,theviolencegotworse.4．如果主句谓动是非延续性的，而从句谓动是延续性动词并使用进行时态时，when,while与as可互换使用。如：When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.问题1:1.(04北京春)Wewereswimminginthelake______suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before2.(02上海)Hewasabouttotellmethesecret______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when3.(05上海)Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden______itwasthebesttimeforit.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.until4.(05福建)－DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?－Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock____hearrivedhome.A.BeforeB.whenC.thatD.until（注：句型：Itis/was+点时间+when从句）ADBB问题2:6.(06天津)ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,______thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while7.(04年江苏)______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless8.(06辽宁)Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal______afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.whileDACBefore的多种翻译方式：1.在…之前2.在It+be+短时间+before句型中主句是肯定句式时：“（多久之后）才…”主句是否定句式时：“（过不了多久）就…”3.“还没来得及，就…”4.“趁……”1.Beforetheygottothebusstop,thebushadgone.在..之前2.Itwillbe5yearsbeforehereturnstohismotherland.多久之后才…3.Wewaitedalongtimebeforehecameout.多久之后才…4.Itwon’tbelongbeforewemeetagain.过不了多久就5.Hediedbeforehewroteawill.还没来得及6.Catchhimbeforeheescapes.趁着7.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.趁着•1.(03年北京)Hemadeamistake,butthenhe•correctedthesituation______itgotworse.•A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as•2.(04福建)Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears•______itispossibletotestthismedicineon•humanpatients.•A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when•3.(06四川)－Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthe•meeting?•－Herushedoutoftheroom____Icouldsaya•word.•A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.afterCCAtill,until和not…until：1.主句是肯定句时，主句的动词必是延续性动词，表示“主句动作或状态一直持续到从句动词发生才停止”。从句引导词是till/until都行。如：Wewaiteduntil/tillhecame.2．主句是否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，表示“主句动作直到从句动词发生才开始”，从句引导词通常用until。如：Hewon’tgotobeduntilshereturns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.倒装1.(03北京春)－Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?－Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when2.(03上海)Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners’curiosity______hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until3.Itwasnot______shetookoffherdarkglasses______Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;thenCDBSince的用法1.since+时间2.sincethen3.eversince4.Itis/hasbeen+时间段＋since…did…5.译为“既然”时引导原因状从主句谓动用现在完成时，从句谓动用一般过去时，译为“自从”Mrlihasbeenheresince1998.Mrlihasbeenheresincehecameback.It’s/hasbeentwoyearssincewearrivedhere.Itisthreeyearssincehelivedhere.他不在这儿住三年了。Itistwoyearssincehesmoked.他不吸烟已有两年了。Itistwo