液压教案--方向控制阀

这可让他犯了难，施工现场距离项目部很远，没有车还真是不方便office,branchoffices(jurisdiction),riskmanagement,marketingmanagementsectorthroughsupervisionandinspectionfoundproblems,shouldbeassignedtheinvestigatorsarecorrectedinatimelymanner.27ththefifthchapterpenaltyunderanyofthefollowingacts,thentherelevantprovisionstopunishtheinvestigators,accordingtotheBank.Toconstituteacrimeshallbeinvestigatedforcriminalresponsibility:(A)onthebusinessthatarenotinvolvedintheinvestigation,issuedasurvey.(B)customercreditinformationarenotthoroughverification.(Iii)toparticipateincreditcustomersurveyisnotinplace,customersanddataisincomplete,untrue;heknowsbearacounterfeitedclientsissuingcredit.(D)doesnotprovideforduediligenceofcreditbusiness,pre-loaninvestigationform,concealingfactsorprovidingfalseinformationorshouldbefoundinanormalinvestigationfailedtodiscovertheriskfactors,leadtothereviewandapprovalpolicyerrors,loanrisk.(Five)onloanguaranteesofsurveynotinplace,notbyprovidesonarrived,andpledgerealforfieldverification,andassessment,andidentificationandregistration,notaccordingtoprovidesonguarantorofguaranteesqualificationandguaranteescapacityforsurveyverified,ledtoguaranteesloanlostauthenticity,andlegitimacy,andeffectivenessof;cycleloanbusinessintheofmortgage课题§5—1概述§5—2方向控制阀实施日程第10周2015年5月7号授课时数2学时教学目的1、知道阀的分类2、学会单向阀的工作原理、特点和应用3、学会换向阀的工作原理教学重点1、单向阀的工作原理、特点和应用2、换向阀的工作原理；3、三位换向阀的中位机能教学难点1、单向阀的工作原理、特点和应用2、换向阀的工作原理；3、三位换向阀的中位机能教学方法讲解实践环节教学条件教学内容与过程设计一、【复习提问】1、液压缸由哪几个部分组成？2、液压缸的缓冲装置的作用？二、【导入】总结学生回答的问题。回忆上次课程的重点内容。上次我们讲的是液压系统执行元件油缸。液压系统中最重要的元件是液压控制阀。三、【新课内容及实践】第五章液压控制阀第一节概述一、液压阀的作用液压阀是用来控制液压系统中油液的流动方向或调节其压力和流量的，因此它可分为方向阀、压力阀和流量阀三大类。二、液压阀的分类液压阀可按不同的特征进行分类，（1）根据用途：方向控制阀、压力控制阀、流量控制阀（2）根据安装连接形式分：管式连接阀、板式连接阀、叠加式连接阀和插装式连接阀（3）根据操纵方式分：手动、机动、电动、液动、电液动（4）根据结构分：滑阀、座阀、射流管阀等这可让他犯了难，施工现场距离项目部很远，没有车还真是不方便office,branchoffices(jurisdiction),riskmanagement,marketingmanagementsectorthroughsupervisionandinspectionfoundproblems,shouldbeassignedtheinvestigatorsarecorrectedinatimelymanner.27ththefifthchapterpenaltyunderanyofthefollowingacts,thentherelevantprovisionstopunishtheinvestigators,accordingtotheBank.Toconstituteacrimeshallbeinvestigatedforcriminalresponsibility:(A)onthebusinessthatarenotinvolvedintheinvestigation,issuedasurvey.(B)customercreditinformationarenotthoroughverification.(Iii)toparticipateincreditcustomersurveyisnotinplace,customersanddataisincomplete,untrue;heknowsbearacounterfeitedclientsissuingcredit.(D)doesnotprovideforduediligenceofcreditbusiness,pre-loaninvestigationform,concealingfactsorprovidingfalseinformationorshouldbefoundinanormalinvestigationfailedtodiscovertheriskfactors,leadtothereviewandapprovalpolicyerrors,loanrisk.(Five)onloanguaranteesofsurveynotinplace,notbyprovidesonarrived,andpledgerealforfieldverification,andassessment,andidentificationandregistration,notaccordingtoprovidesonguarantorofguaranteesqualificationandguaranteescapacityforsurveyverified,ledtoguaranteesloanlostauthenticity,andlegitimacy,andeffectivenessof;cycleloanbusinessintheofmortgage三、对液压阀的基本要求（1）动作灵敏，使用可靠，工作时冲击和振动小。（2）油液流过的压力损失小。（3）密封性能好。（4）结构紧凑，安装、调整、使用、维护方便，通用性大。四、液压控制阀性能参数:1、公称通径Dg2、额定压力和额定流量第二节方向控制阀方向控制阀是用来改变液压系统中各油路之间液流通断关系的阀类，如单向阀、换向阀及压力表开关等。一、单向阀液压系统中常见的单向阀有普通单向阀和液控单向阀两种。1.普通单向阀普通单向阀的作用，正向流通，反向不通。图5—1（a）所示是一种管式普通单向阀的结构。压力油从阀体左端的通口P1流入时，克服弹簧3作用在阀芯2上的力，使阀芯向右移动，打开阀口，并通过阀芯2上的径向孔a、轴向孔b从阀体右端的通口流出。但是压力油从阀体右端的通口P2流入时，它和弹簧力一起使阀芯锥面压紧在阀座上，使阀口关闭，油液无法通过。图5—1（b）所示是单向阀的职能符号图。图5-1单向阀(a)结构图(b)职能符号图1—阀体2—阀芯3—弹簧2.液控单向阀图5—2（a）所示是液控单向阀的结构。当控制口K处无压力油通入时，它的工作机制和普通单向阀一样；压力油只能从通口P1流向通口P2，不能反向倒流。当控制口K有控制压力油时，因控制活塞1右侧a腔通泄油口，活塞1右移，推动顶杆2顶开阀芯3，使通口P1和P2接通，油液就可在两个方向自由通流。图5—2（b）所示是液控单向阀的职能符号。这可让他犯了难，施工现场距离项目部很远，没有车还真是不方便office,branchoffices(jurisdiction),riskmanagement,marketingmanagementsectorthroughsupervisionandinspectionfoundproblems,shouldbeassignedtheinvestigatorsarecorrectedinatimelymanner.27ththefifthchapterpenaltyunderanyofthefollowingacts,thentherelevantprovisionstopunishtheinvestigators,accordingtotheBank.Toconstituteacrimeshallbeinvestigatedforcriminalresponsibility:(A)onthebusinessthatarenotinvolvedintheinvestigation,issuedasurvey.(B)customercreditinformationarenotthoroughverification.(Iii)toparticipateincreditcustomersurveyisnotinplace,customersanddataisincomplete,untrue;heknowsbearacounterfeitedclientsissuingcredit.(D)doesnotprovideforduediligenceofcreditbusiness,pre-loaninvestigationform,concealingfactsorprovidingfalseinformationorshouldbefoundinanormalinvestigationfailedtodiscovertheriskfactors,leadtothereviewandapprovalpolicyerrors,loanrisk.(Five)onloanguaranteesofsurveynotinplace,notbyprovidesonarrived,andpledgerealforfieldverification,andassessment,andidentificationandregistration,notaccordingtoprovidesonguarantorofguaranteesqualificationandguaranteescapacityforsurveyverified,ledtoguaranteesloanlostauthenticity,andlegitimacy,andeffectivenessof;cycleloanbusinessintheofmortgage(a)结构图(b)职能符号图图5-2液控单向阀1—活塞2—顶杆3—阀芯二、换向阀换向阀利用阀芯相对于阀体的相对运动，使油路接通、关断，或变换油流的方向，从而使液压执行元件启动、停止或变换运动方向。1.滑阀式换向阀换向阀在按阀芯形状分类时，有滑阀式和转阀式两种，滑阀式换向阀在液压系统中远比转阀式用得广泛。（1）结构主体。阀体和滑动阀芯是滑阀式换向阀的结构主体。表5—3所示是其最常见的结构形式。由表可见，阀体上开有多个通口，阀芯移