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主语从句导入：观察并指出句子成分Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.Youareastudent.Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.Smokingisbadforyou.一．概念：主语：主语是指句子谈论的主题，说明的人或事物。也就是句中动作、行为、性质和状态的主体，一般位于句首主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句二·基本结构关系词简单句谓语动词宾语同位语Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶三关系词(引导词)1．从属连词：thatwhetherthat引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。Thatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.Thathewillcomeiscertain.注意：有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。E.gThatshehasmadesuchamistakeisapity.Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+adj.+从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要…Itisimportantthat….重要的是…Itisobviousthat……很明显……2)It+不及物动词+从句Itseems/appearsthat...似乎……Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat……我突然想起……3)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说……Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...据信……;人们相信……Itissuggestedthat...有人建议……Itmustbepointedoutthat...必须指出……Ithasbeenprovedthat...已证明…….4)Itis+n.+从句Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识Itisasurprisethat….令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……事实是……由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。Whetheritwillpleasethemishardtosay.Itishardtosaywhetheritwillpleasethem.2.连接代词：whowhoeverwhomwhosewhatwhateverwhichwhicheverWhatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.注意：what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语,that则不充当任何成分无意义。例如：Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation3.连接副词：whenwherehowwhy等Whyhediditremainsamystery.Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.It’scertain.We’llbelate.Ishecomingornot?Wedon’tknowWhatdoeshewanttotellus?Wedon’tknowWhenwillyoucomeback?Itdoesn’tmatter.四．主语从句需注意的问题1一个句子作主语时，主句的谓语动词应为单数。EgWhetherhewillcomedependsontheweather.2what引导的句子作主语时，谓语动词的数由句子的内容决定（即由表语决定)。WhatIwantismoney.WhatweneedaregoodbooksWhathesaidisreasonable.Whatwewilldohasn’tbeendecided.3Wherehewasbornandwherehelivesnowarenotclear.Whereandwhenhewasbornremainsasecret.两个或两个以上的主从联合做主语，主句谓语动词应为复数。两个或两个以上的连词引导一个从句，主句谓语动词应为单数。4Whetherhewillcomeisn’tclear.(不能换成if)Itisn'tclearwhether/ifhewillcome.(可以与if进行替换)（if不能置于句首）5.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较①主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：Itis+{名词/形容词/过去分词}+主语从句例如：Itisstillaquestionwhethershewillcomeornot.Itisstrangethatyoushouldlikehim.Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.另外，还有一些比较多见的结构：Itturnedoutthat……;Ithasbeenprovedthat……;Ithappened/occurredthat……;Itiswell-knownthat……等等②而强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句强调主语：Itisthetimesthatproducetheirheroes.时势造英雄强调宾语：ItisEnglishthatProf.Linteachesus.强调状语：ItwasinshanghaithatIsawthefilm.判断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。6.用于Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossiblethat...句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用\“should+动词原形\”的形式,should有时有感情色彩。Itbesuggested/advised/ordered/requestedthatsb(should)dosth…主语从句练习题一．翻译1．(谁将去接他)_______________________________________________isnotdecided.2．(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)__________________________________isnotclear.3．(他能否买到飞机票)______________________________________doesn’tmattermuch.4．(我们如何去那里)__________________________________________isaquestion.5．(你刚才告诉我的)_______________________________________wasreallyasurprise.6．(他什么时候出国)_______________________________________isbeingdiscussed7．(他为什么哭)___________________________________________isnotclear.8．Itisclear______________________________________________(他是一个乞丐).9．(你要请谁)______________________________________________isnotimportant.10．(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)____________________________________isnotclear.二．找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词，并指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分。1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.2.Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscarwasobvious.3.Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.4.Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.5.Isitpossiblethattheywillcometomorrow？6.Itisclearthathewastellingthetruth.7.It’sprobablethatwe’llbealittlelate.8.Whatcausedtheaccidentisacompletemystery.9.Itworriedherabitthatherhairwasturninggrey.10.ItshockedmethatPeterdidn’ttellanybodywherehewas.11.Whowasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.12.It’sapitythatyoucan’tgowithus.13.Whathedidisnotyetknown.14.Itissaidthathehasbeentheremanytimes.15.Itisnotyetclearwhowasresponsiblefortheaccident.16.Whentheywillhavethesportsmeetisstillaquestion.17.Itseemsthathehaslostsomething.18.Whathesaidatthemeetingencouragedeveryone.19.Whatcausedtheaccidentwasabrokenbottle.20.Itremainsaproblemwhetheritistrue.21.Whoeverbreaksthelawissuretobepunished.22.Whatshelookslikedoesn’tmatter.23.Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.24.Whoevercomesiswelcome.25.Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.三．用适当的引导词填空。1.Itislikely_____heisthewinnerofthisgame.很可能他是这场游戏的胜利者。2.______sheboughtsomanydictionariesisnotclear.=Itisnotclear_____sheboughtsomanydictionaries.不清楚她为什么买这么多字典。3.________hewasadmittedintoBeijingUniversitymadehisteachersandparentshappy.他考上了北大，这让他的老师和父母很高兴。4.It’sapity________youcan’tattendmybirthdayparty.很可惜你不能参加我的生日聚会。5._________wewillbuildanewhighschoolhasn’tbeendecided.我们是否要建新高中还没决定呢。6.__________breaksthelawshouldbepunished.不管谁违法都应该受到惩罚。7.Itisnecessary______theproblem(should)besolvedatonce.很有必要立刻解决这个问题。8.________hewasbornisunknown.他生于何时还不知道。9Itisposs