英语必修三--名词性从句-课件

That/wh-clause+v+…主语从句S+be/link.v+that/wh-clause表语从句S+vt+that/wh-clause宾语从句S+vi+prep+wh-clause宾语从句断句方法同定语从句：1.含有关系词的：始——关系词末——第二个谓语动词之前2.不含关系词的：始——（句中）主谓结构末——第二个谓语动词之前名词性从句主语+be+表语主语+do+宾语名词名词名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做------宾语从句在句中做------表语从句在句中做------同位语从句在句中-----主语宾语表语同位语1.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2.Iknowthathewillcome.3.ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.4.Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1.为什么叫名词性从句？_______________________整个从句相当于一个名词比较:Themanlookedaround.Thattheboyfailedagainintheexamdisappointedhismother.同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质Iknowhim.Iknowthatheiswritinghiscompositioninhisroom2.为什么要有名词性从句？那人看了看四周.(名词作主语)那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望.(从句作主语)我知道他在房间里写作文.从句的特征:是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分(that除外)名词能做的成分,从句都能做从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句动宾介宾that不能省可省禁用不能省不能省whetherif句首whetherwhetherornot只能whether只能whether只能whether代词what-物,whatever,who/whom-人,whoever…(在从句中做主、表、宾、定成分)副词when-时间,where-地点,why-原因,how-方式…(在从句中做状语)注意：所有句子均为陈述语序学习目标：1.掌握主语从句的基本概念；2.能从句中找出主语从句；3.能够概括出主语从句的引导词；学会根据句意选择恰当的引导词。主语从句在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。主语从句that,whether，wh-词在从句中不作成分:that，if，whether“是否”在从句中作成分:what/who/whom/whichwhatever/whoever/whicheverwhere/when/why/how注意：which表示有明确范围的选择一that不作成分,无翻译，但不能省Itisunfair.Womenaretreatedunequallyinsomeareas.womenaretreatedunequallyinsomeareasisunfair.Itisundoubted.TaiwanbelongstoChina.TaiwanbelongstoChinaisundoubted.ThatThatWhether/if不作成分，if不能位于句首,Itisaquestion.Heshouldgetmarried.heshouldgetmarriedisaquestion.if,whether“是否”Whetherwh-词作成分,引导陈述语序连接代词：what,who连接副词：when,where,why,howItwasnoneofyourbusiness.WhathesaidIt(形式主语)......+that/whether/wh-...Itisundoubted.TaiwanbelongstoChina.Itisaquestion.Heshouldgetmarried.Itisnotabigdeal.thatwhotakesthefirststep.whetherheIt+be+形容词＋that从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要…Itisimportantthat….重要的是…Itisobviousthat……很明显……It+be+-ed分词＋that从句Itisbelievedthat…人们相信…Itisknowntous/allthat….众所周知…Ithasbeendecidedthat……已经决定……用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：It+be+名词＋that从句Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识Itisasurprisethat….令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……事实是……It+不及物动词＋that从句Itappearsthat…似乎…Ithappensthat….碰巧…Itoccurredtomethat……我突然想起……•另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：•Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…•Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…注意：1.“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。3.主语从句的“that”一般不能省。二.主语从句需注意的问题2.主语从句中用陈述语序4主语从句中的“主谓一致”：1）.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.Thattheywillcome_______certain.2).What引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.Whathewants______thesebooks.Whathewants______somewater.isareisCompletethesentencesusingwhat,whether,where,when，who,why,howorthat.1.(_____isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.3.(_____wewillgotomorrow)hasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.(______theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.4.(___canjoininthesportmeet)isdecidedbytheteacher.5.(________itwillrainornot)isnotclear.7.(______theearthisasolidball)isknowntousall.WhatWhen/HowWhere/whetherWhoWhetherThat6.(____theearthisbecomingwarm)isagoodtopicforresearch.Why主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Conclusion:1.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when4.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave【常见错误展示】下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattermuch.Thatthat虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。Whetherif,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.4.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.Whatthat引导主语从句时无词义。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所说的”。将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。Whoever主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。remains7.Whatwereyourproblemsayearagohasnowbecomemine.8.Itwasrequestedthateveryonemadeaspeechatthemeeting.has要改为have。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。have在“Itisrequested/ordered/suggested+that从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。(should)make断句始:连接词,末:第二个谓语动词之前始:空格,末:第二个谓语动词之前空格在从句内部that/whether/ifwhat/who/when/where/why/how空格在从句外部形式主语选It主语从句做题思路：宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）that,whether，if（that常可省略）连词：who,what,which,whoever,whateverwhen,where,why,how1).CanyoumakesurewhereAlicehasputthegoldring.2).Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.3).Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.4).Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.二．宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。1.a.作动词的宾语(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略),例如：Iheardthathejoinedthearmy.(2)由what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句，例如：Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.(3)动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.b.作介词的宾语，例如：Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperate(合作）withoneanother.c.作形容词的宾语，例如：Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.Iamsure(that)hewillwinthegame.d.it可以作为形式宾语it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：Wethoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.2.a由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时