我国湖泊水质恶化趋势及富营养化控制阶段划分

11EnvironmentalScience&Technology3411201111Vol.34No.11Nov.2011.[J].,2011,34(11):147-151.XuQi-gong,CaoJin-ling,GaoRu-tai,etal.TrendofwaterqualitydeteriorationandeutrophicationcontrolphasespartitioninChina[J].EnvironmentalScience&Technology,2011,34(11):147-151.100012207030-、。212080、。X32Adoi10.3969/j.issn.1003-6504.2011.11.0311003-6504(2011)11-0147-05TrendofWaterQualityDeteriorationandEutrophicationControlPhasesPartitioninChinaXUQi-gong,CAOJin-ling,GAORu-tai,DINGJing-tao,JIANGLei,ZHANGHui,JIANGTian-tianChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalScience,Beijing100012,ChinaAbstractInrecent30yearsfrom70softhe20thcentury,thelakesturnfromoligotrophicandmesotrophicstateintoeutrophicstategraduallyunderthestronginfluenceofhumanactivities.Thereisagrowingtrendinnumberandareaofeutrophication,especiallyintheeastplainlakeareasandYunnan-GuizhouPlateaulakeregion,theeutrophicationofTaihu,ChaohuandDianchiLakeattractedgreatconcerns.Chinahaspaidthepersistenteffortsforpreventingeutrophicationcoupledwitheutrophicationtrend,andtheoccurrenceofseveraleutrophicationaccidentsacceleratethetransformationoflakemanagementmeasures,thisis,fromusingandexploitation,protectionphasesenteringintotheplanningpreventionphase.Keywordseutrophication;controlphase;planningprevention《》2011-01-092[e-mail]。2080、[1-2]、[3]、[4-5]。、、[6]、[7]、、、、。,,,[8][9-10]。,。11km22759[10]91019.90km23419502000/%31998.619277.4-12721.2-39.87159.56131.2-1028.3-14.41094.01039.8-54.2-5.037400.936552.3-848.6-2.34166.85651.01484.335.681819.868651.7-13168.0-25.92Table2AreachangeoffivelakeregionsinChina(km2)[11]205010km281839.61km22068671.6km22。40%。22.1、、、。205050“”2050[12-13]。。[14]。[15]。2070345%。2.22080。19843426.5%198861.5%19962685%。208090160%40%2.7%[16]。2090、2177%2000。2009261142.3%13.8%27.7%830.8%。。208020、、、、、。、、、、、、、、1。(＞1km2)/km2/%69621171.623.3、、、、77219700.321.5、、、601199.41.3、、、109144993.349.5、、、1403955.34.4、、、1Table1NunberanddistributionoflakeinChina14811。2.3。2070“”[17]19878090。2080[18]50%[19]20074、51990。208019981999[20]。“”、。33.12080。、、、、。。20、、1984。1954。1971。19728《》、、。1979、、、[21]。1988《》。3.2“”、、。“”“”、、、。1997《“”2010》129.5100。“”《“”》8012917697%。1997《“”2010》19982002《》、、、、5[22]。“”、。1994《、》“”“”。“”“”。2003《“”》4949。3.3“”。“”《2006-2010》、《2006-2010》《》1278“”14934、。“”“”、2%。、、、。。2008《》2010《》《》。“”[23-25]。4130、、。2、。3“、、、”。[][1].[J].,1999,12(5):1-5.JinXiang-can,YeChun,YanChang-zhou,etal.Compre－hensivetreatmentplanforkey-pollutedregionsofLakeTaihu[J].ResearchofEnvironmentalScience,1999,12(5):1-5.(inChinese)[2].a[J].,2009,32(S1):83-86.ZhangDa-ling,LiXiao-ping.Therelationshipbetweenchlorophyll-aandenvironmentalfactorsinDianshanLake[J].EnvironmentalScience&Technology,2009,32(S2):83-86.(inChinese)[3],.20[J].,2009,28(3):57-60.WangHong-mei,ChenYan.ChangeofeutrophicationofDianchiLakeandreasonanalysisinrecent20years[J].En－vironmentalScienceSurvey,2009,28(3):57-60.(inChi－nese)[4],,,.[J].,2005,24(2):188-192.LiuJing,QinYu-jin,QiuYan-lun,etal.AdvbncesonBiomanipulationincintrolofeutrophiclakes[J].EcologicScience,2005,24(2):188-192.(inChinese)[5].[J].,2002,14(3):193-202.QinBo-qiang.ApproachestomechanismandcontrolofeutrophicationofshallowlakeinthemiddleandlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiver[J].JournalofLakeScience,2002,14(3):193-202.(inChinese)[6].[J].200012(1):73-80.YuGuo-ying,LiuYong-ding,QiuChang-qiang,etal.My－crophytesuccessioninDianchilakeandrelationswiththeenvironment[J].JoumalofLakeSciences,2000,12(1):73-80.(inChinese)[7].[J].,2010,30(3):374-379.JinXiang-can,HuXiao-zhen.Conceptandtacticofcleanwaterrunoffgenerationmechnasimrestorationinlakewa－tershed[J].ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2010,30(3):374-379.(inChinese)[8]CarpenterSR,ChristensenDL,ColeJJ,etal.Biologicalcontrolofeutrophicationinlakes[J].EnvironSciTechnol,1995,29:784-786.[9]BohnBA,KershnerJL.Establishingaquaticrestorationprioritiesusingawatershedapproach[J].JournalofEnvi－ronmentalManagement,2002,64(6):355-363.[10]Ngirane-KatashayaGG.Integratedwaterresourcesplan－ningasafactorinenvironmentalpollutioncontrol[J].WaterScience&Technology,1991,24(1):25-34.[11].[M]..,1998.[12].[J].20082011-4.LiuJi-feng,WuHuai-he,SongWei.Existingstateande－volvementanalysisoftheChineselakewaterresource[J].JournalofYellowRiverConservancyTechnicalInstitute,200820(1)1-4.(inChinese)[13],,,.、[J].2005,14(2):218-223.FanCheng-xin,YangXiang-dong,ShiLong-xin,etal.CharacteristicsandcauseoflakeeutrophicationinJiangsuProvincewithsuggestionsonitscontrolmeasures[J].Re－1501187,2006,31(8):79-81.SuHui,CuiLin.Carbondioxidecapturemodeandmechanism[J].EnvironmentalScienceandManagement,2006,31(8):79-81.(inChinese)[9].[J].,2009,8:145-146.YaoYan-qiang.Studyonboilerusingoxygen-enrichedcombustiontechnology[J].ElectricalTechnology,2009,8:145-146.(inChinese)[10][J].,2009,(9):7.TheUnitedStateshasfoundnewwaystocapturecarbondioxide[J].PopularScience,2009,(9):7.(inChinese)[11],.[J].,2008,28(2):18-23.WangXiao-gang,ZhangDu-min.Researchprogressonusingionicliquidtofixandconversecarbondioxide[J].ModernChemical,2008,28(2):18-23.(inChinese)[12],,,.[J].,2008,29(4):77-80.