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11.记叙文（简单）AliisfromaMiddleEasterncountry.HenowstaysintheUSA.Hesmokesalotofcigaretteseveryday.Hehassmokedfornineyears.Alisays,“Itriedtoquit(放弃)smokinginmyhometown,butitwasimpossible.Myparentssmoke.Mybrotherssmoke.Allmyfriendssmoke.Atpartiesandatmeetings,almostallthemensmoke.HereintheUnitedStates,notasmanypeoplesmoke.____1____”ManysmokersarelikeAli:theywanttostopsmoking.____2____Theyknowitcancausecancerandheartdisease.Butitisdifficultforthemtogiveupsmokingbecausecigaretteshaveadruginthem.Thedrugisnicotine.Peoplewhosmokealotneednicotine.____3____Thenicotinemakeshimsick.Inafewdays,thesmoker’sbodyisusedtothenicotine,andhefeelsfine.Later,thesmokerneedsnicotinetokeepfeelingfine.Withoutnicotine,hefeelsbad.____4____Manypeoplewhoquitwillsoonsmokeagain.Atapartyoratworktheywilldecidetosmoke“justone”cigarette.Thentheywillsmokeanothercigarette,andanother.Soontheybecomesmokersagain.____5____(240)A.Itisveryhardtoquitsmoking.B.Itwillbeeasiertochangethesmokinghabithere.C.Thusnicotinemakessmokersaddictedtocigarettes.D.Thesmokersknowthatsmokingisbadfortheirhealth.E.Whenapersonfirstbeginstosmoke,heusuallyfeelsterrible.F.Maybethereisonlyoneeasywaytoquitsmoking:neverstart.G.Butitissaidthatmedicineisneededtostopthemfromsmoking.2.记叙文IwastenwhenIfirstsatwithmygrandmotherbehindthecashier（收银台）inhergeneralstore.1Iquicklylearnedtheimportanceoftreatingcustomerspolitelyandsaying“thankyou.”AtfirstIwaspaidincandy.2Iworkedeverydayafterschool,andduringthesummerandonweekendsandholidaysfrom8a.m.to7p.m.Myfatherhelpedmesetupabankaccount.3BythetimeIwas12,mygrandmotherthoughtIhaddonesuchagoodjobthatshepromotedmetosellingcosmetics（化妆品）.Idevelopedtheabilitytolookcustomersdirectlyintheeye.EventhoughIwasjustakid,womenwouldaskmesuchthingsas“WhatcolordoyouthinkIshouldwear?”Itookarealinterestintheirquestionsandwasabletotranslatewhattheywantedintomakeup（化妆）ideas.42Thejobtaughtmeavaluablelesson:tobeasuccessfulsalesperson,youdidn’tneedtobeaRocketscientist—youneededtobeagreatlistener.__5___Excepttheyarenolongerwomenpurchasingcosmeticsfromme;instead,theyarekidswhotellmewhichtoystheywouldliketoseedesignedanddeveloped.A.LaterIreceived50centsanhour.B.Beforelong,sheletmesittherebymyself.C.Iendedupsellingarecordamountofcosmetics.D.TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme:Ilistentocustomers.E.Mygrandma’strusttaughtmehowtohandleresponsibility.F.SoonIfoundmyselflookingmorebeautifulthaneverbefore.G.WatchingmymoneygrowwasmorerewardingthananythingIcouldhavebought.3.说明文Gettingyourchildrentostudycanbealittlelikegettingthemtoeattheirvegetables.71Makeastudytimeandhaveitatthesametimeeveryday.Thiswillhelpyourkidstolearntoscheduletheirdayandwillgivethemasenseofcontroloverhowtheyspendtheirtime.Allowthemtostudyinblocksoftime,suchasforhalfanhourwithafive-minutebreakinthemiddle.72Ideal（理想的）studytimesareafterdinnerorrightafterschoolbeforedinner.Neverallowyourchildrentostudyinfrontofthetelevision,asthatwillencouragepassiveactivity.73You’llalsoneedtohelpyourkidsfindtherightplacetostudy.Afteryou’vesetupagoodstudytimeforlittlelearners,setupagoodplacewheretheycangetthosecreativejuicesflowing.74Makesurethereisatableoradeskandacomfortablechair.75Thisincludeshelpingthemoutwiththeirhomeworksometimesandbeingthereforthemwiththeanswerstoanyquestions.Theinputyougiveyourchildrenduringstudyperiodswillhelpformabondandhelpmakestudyingenjoyable.A.Pickaplacewhereyourchildrencanstudyproperly.B.Holdthemtothescheduletheycreateforthemselves.C.Finally,spendtimewithyourkidswhenthey’restudying.D.Keeptheatmospherelightandofferlotsofencouragement,too.E.Instead,useTVasatreatorarewardwhenthehomeworkiscompleted.F.Trytostopthisbadhabitbyofferingsomesortofreward.3G.Oneofthebestwaystoformgoodstudyhabitsforyourkidsistodesignaschedulethattheykeepto.4.说明文Muzak(电梯)musicbecauseweoftenhearditinelevators.Butlatelywehearitinmoreandmoreplaces,andithasanewnameMuzak.Aboutone-thirdofthepeopleinAmericalistentoMuzakeveryday.Themusicplaysfor15minutesatatime,withshortpausesinbetween.Itisalwaysmorelivelybetweentenandeleveninthemorning,andbetweenthreeandfourintheafternoon,whenpeoplearemoretired.2IfyoulistentoMuzakcarefully,youwillprobablyrecognizethenamesofmanyofthesongs.Somemusiciansorsongwritersdon'twanttheirsongstobeusedasMuzak,butothersarehappywhentheirsongsarechosen.Why?3Musicisoftenplayedinpublicplacesbecauseitisdesignedtomakepeoplefeellesslonelywhentheyareinanairportorahotel.IthasbeenproventhatMuzakdoeswhatitisdesignedtodo.TiredofficeworkerssuddenlyhavemoreenergywhentheyhearthepleasantsoundofMuzakinthebackground.4Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries.5.Theysayit'sboringtohearthesamesongsallthetime.ButotherpeopleenjoyhearingMuzakinpublicplaces.Theysayithelpsthemrelaxandfeelcalm.On