异龙湖退塘还湖区基底修复技术工程应用研究

37EnvironmentalScience&Technology3712O201412Vol.37No.12ODec.2014陈静，刘梅，卿小燕，王开有，孔德平，范亦农，李杰，周启超6500342070、、。39.33hm2、、、、。X505Adoi10.3969/j.issn.1003-6504.2014.12O.0851003-6504(2014)12O-0432-05TechnologicalResearchonSubstratumRestorationforDiggingandHeapingIslandintheRegionofReturningPondtoLakeinYilongLakeCHENJing,LIUMei,QINGXiaoyan,WANGKaiyou,KONGDeping,FANYi′nong,LIJie,ZHOUQichaoYunnanKeyLaboratoryofPollutionProcessandManagementofPlateauLake-watershed,YunnanInstituteofEnvironmentalScience,Kunming650034,ChinaAbstractInthe1970s,largecontiguousfarmlandandfishpondsgroupwereformattedinlakeshoreofYilongLakebecauseofreclamationoflandandpondfromthelake.Theverticaldamofpondsgroupproducedastrongcuttingonthelakeshore,whichdestroyedthecontinuitybetweenaquaticandterrestrialecosystem,reducedtheoriginalbeacharealargely,madeasharpdeteriorationofhabitatconditionsintheshallowregion,destroythestructurecontinuityofaquaticvegetation.Mean－while,whichalsomadethegroundoffishhabitat,feedingandspawninglose,self-purificationcapacitydecreaseandstructureandfunctiondestroyoflakeecosystems.Inaddition,thefishpondsalsodischargeofsewageintothelake.Allofthesewereharmfultoecologicalrestorationandwaterqualityimprovementoflakeshore.Inhence,thispaperintroducedanewtechniqueofsubstratumrestorationfordiggingandheapingislandintheregionofreturningpondtolake.Thistechniquewasusedinanareaof0.33km2fishpondsgroupinLakeYilong,throughbasementrestorationaspondareasystemconstructing,islandheaping,topographyreconstructingoffishpondsgrouptocreateagoodconditionforecosystemrestoration,andachievedseveralexcellenteffectssuchasbiodiversityconservationoflakeshore,waterpurificationoftheriverintolakeandlandscap－ingthreefunctions.KeywordsYilongLake;groundofreturningpondtolake;diggingandheapingisland;basementrestoration《》2014-08-032014－12－10(2011CA007)2013ZX07102005-001(1958-)()0871-64114189()[e-mail]。2070[1]12O2.2.2、1/d5~152~62~52~102/m3·m-2·d-10.05~0.10.1~0.3＜0.10.13/g·m-2·d-1BOD51~23~55~81~34COD2~45~102~62~65TN0.5~1.01.0~2.00.5~1.00.5~1.06TP0.05~0.080.1~0.30.05~0.080.05~0.087SS3.0~7.010~203.0~7.03.0~7.08/m1.2~1.51.5~2.50.2~0.51.5~2.59/m0.5~1.20.1~0.30.1~0.30.1~0.31、、。39.33hm2、、、、。1、、、、、、39.33hm2、、、、。22.1基底修复工程区设计、、、、、、、。2.2湿地塘库系统构建2.2.1、、、80%～85%、2.5～3.5m1.0～3.0m3/m2·d2～41.2～2.0m0.1～0.3m3/m2·d4～10d1.5～2.5m0.1～0.3m3/m2·d4～10d3～5m0.1～0.5m0.1～0.3m3/m2·d10～30d。1。37。2.3湿地岛屿构筑2.3.1、1～5m、4～20°、、、。6.67hm24～615%～20%。2。2.3.2、0.600.3～0.5m2～3m。2.3.3、、、、、10～30d。2.4本技术特点1、、、、、。210～30d。31～3.5m。[2]、、。3。2.5退塘还湖区基底修复后生态环境变化效果研究2.5.1、4/m2/m1#14227.722°10°2#23228.030°4°3#16544.120°12°4#34968.743°16°5#55978.722°2°2312345678910、1112O、、66.7%、85.8%、73.6%37.6%。1。2.5.2、、、。2014839.33hm22933m350m391947941386943.6。、、、、、6。、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、5057。、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、[3]、2732。50%、。2.5.370%。。4~5m3/d55hm250m33km6~10d、9pH、DO、SD、COD、TP、TN、NH3-N、chl-a9TP、TN、COD1.79、8.12、66mg/L0.069、1.41、27mg/LTP、TN、COD88.2%、74.6%、34.6%GB3838-2002《》。2013TP、TN、COD0.155、6.14、153.87mg/L2014TP、TN、COD0.093、2.33、85.60mg/LTP、TN、COD40.0%、62.05%、44.37%,/%/%/mg·kg-1*/mg·kg-1*/mg·kg-10.2740.11456.314.810.670.520.0388.003.96.66/%-89.866.6785.873.637.6437。2.5.439.33hm2、、、、。、、、、、、、、。31、、、、。2、。3、、。[][1],,,.[M].:,1987:34-37.ZhangJingfang,LiHeng,WangXiuyong,etal.DianchiLake,theComprehensiveUtilizationofResourcesIrrationalEco－logicalConsequences[M].Kunming:YunnanScienceandTechnologyPress,1987:34-37.(inChinese)[2],,.[J].,2007,30(5):21-23.ChenJing,ZhaoXianghua,HeLiping.Rehabilitationtech－niqueoffoundationbaseforecologicalbeltconstructioninlit－toralabrupt-slotwaterareaoflake[J].EnvironmentalScience&Technology,2007,30(5):21-23.(inChinese)[3].[J].,1980,2(2):113-141.LiHeng.StudiesonaquaticvegetationinYunnanplateaulakes[J].YunnanPlantResearch,1980,2(2):113-141.(inChi－nese)