1-nonverbal-communication-非言语交际PPT

1苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院Thereareseveralmailfunctionsthatcanbeattributedtononverbalcommunicationacrosscultures.thefunctionsofnonverbalcommunicationcouldbeidentifiedinthefollowingfiveaspects.TheFunctionsofTheNonverbalCommunication2苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院Repeating重复Peopleusenonverbalcommunicationtorepeat,clarify,andemphasizetheirpointofviews.Eg.Asupervisorwelcomingasubordinatebackafteralengthyillnessmightgivehimawarmhandshaketostresshowpleasedheisattheother'sreturn.Complementing补充Nonverbalcommunicationcuescanaddtoorcomplementaverbalmessage.TheFunctionsofTheNonverbalCommunication3苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院Substituting替代Nonverbalmessagesmaysubstituteverbalonesincertainsettings.Eg.Therearesituationsinwhichwordscannotbeused.Inaverynoisystreet,forexample,policeofficermightusehandgesturestoreplacespokenmessages.Regulating规范Nonverbalbehaviorscanhelpcontrolverbalinteractionsbyregulatingthem,suchasturn-takingsignals(handraised)inconversationsTheFunctionsofTheNonverbalCommunication4苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院Contradicting反驳Certainnonverbalbehaviorscancontradictspokenwords.Accenting强调NonverbalsignalsthataccentcallourattentiontoamatterunderdiscussionEg.Apersonpoundingonadeskasshemakesanimportantpoint.TheFunctionsofTheNonverbalCommunication5苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院Ihatemyjob.Iamsobored.6苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院ElementsofNonverbalCommunicationBodyLanguage:AppearancePostureandWalkGesturesandTouchEyecontactandFacialexpressions:Vocalcues:Pitch,rate,volume,quality,articulationSpatialUseandTime7苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院AppearanceAppearance(clothes,hairstyle,makeup,personaldecoration)mayindicatemood,occupation,culture,status,orgroupmembership,character.8苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院9苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院PosturePosturereferstoyourbody’spositionasyousitorstand,whichcommunicatesagreatdealaboutyourmoodorfeelings.10苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院PostureOpenPostureClosedPosture11苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院12苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院WalkWhatcanyouguessifyouseepeople1,walkslowlyanddragtheirfeet2,walkhurriedly13苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院GestureGesturesaremovementsofhandsandarmstohelpmakeapoint.Occasionalgesturesservetoemphasize;constantgesturestendtoconfuse.14苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院TouchTouch:exceptinfamiliesandamongfriends,usuallythepersonwiththegreaterpowerorhigherstatusinitiatetouch.Sensitiveinworkplace.Inappropriateorunwantedtouching—sexualharassmentTouchisinfluencedbygenderandculture.15苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院FacialExpressionFacialexpressionsreferstothemovementsoftheeyes,eyebrows,andmouththatcommunicateourattitudesandfeelingstoothers.Facialexpressions16苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院EyeContactEyecontactreferstomakingavisualconnectionbetweenpeopleorlookingsomeoneintheeye.Lookingsomeoneintheeye:payingattention,takingtheotherpersonseriously,andbeingtrustworthyAvoideyecontactwithanotherconstantly:rude,shifty,rude17苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院VocalCuesPitch:highnessandlownessofavoice.Whohashigh-pitchedvoice?/whenpeopletalkinhigh-pitchedvoice?Generallymenlow-pitched,womenhigh-pitched,oldpeoplelow-pitched;nervouspeoplehigh-pitched,Monotone(speakwithonlyonepitch):boring,listenerwilltuneoutorfallasleep18苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院RateRate:referstohowrapidlyorslowlyapersontalks.Whotalksatamorerapidspeed?NervouspeopleVeryhigh-energypeopleAnyregionaldifference?19苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院volumevolume:referstotheloudnessorsoftnessofavoice.Anyinterestingaboutthispoint?Sometimesrelatedtoaperson’sself-image.Soft-spokenindividuals:concernedthatnoonewanttolistentothem,raisetheirvoicesuddenlythinkingthat’sthewaytopushtheirpointthrough.20苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院QualityQuality:referstothesoundortoneofavoice.Unpleasantvoicequalities:nasal,raspy,orwhiningtones.21苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院ArticulationArticulation:clearexpressionofyourwordsandsound.Don’tmumble.Articulationinvolvesgoodpronunciationorsayingthewordscorrectly.22苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院SpatialUse(cultural-specific)23苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院Spatialusereferstohowspaceisusedbetweenpersonsandhowthearrangementanddesignofspaceaffectscommunication.Whatarethecomfortabledistancebetweenyouandyourclosefriends,betweenyouandyourteacher,betweenyouandyourclassmate,betweenyouandastranger?Asstudiesshown,Americansgenerallycommunicatewithpeople2feetawayfromthem.Thisvariesaccordingtotheintimacyofpeople.24苏安梅华南农业大学外国语学院TimeTimemanagementrevealsaperson’sstatus,andposition,relationship,characters,commitmenttoanappointment.Culture-specific.