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Unit1catastrophic[,kætə'strɑfɪk]a.involvingorcausingsuddengreatdamageorsuffering灾难的；灾难性的E.g.：Thecontractingofaseriousillnesscanbefinanciallycatastrophic.患上严重疾病很可能是一场经济灾难。Theeffectsofglobalwarming,whilenotimmediate,arepotentiallycatastrophic.全球气温上升的后果虽然并非即时发生，但可能潜伏着大灾难。compliment['kɒmplɪm(ə)nt]v.politelycongratulateorpraisesb.forsth.称赞；恭维E.g.：Hecomplimentedheronhernewdresswithoutlookingatit.他连看都没看一眼，就称颂她的新衣服。Theteachingshouldcomplimentastudentwhenhedoeswell.当一个学生取得好成绩时，教师应给以表扬。conviction[kən'vɪkʃ(ə)n]n.astrongopinionorbelief坚信；信仰E.g.：Ihavetheconvictionthatheisright.我深信他是对的。Sheholdsdeepreligiousconvictions.她有深刻的宗教信仰。deceptive[dɪ'septɪv]a.givinganappearanceorimpressiondifferentfromthetrueone骗人的；虚伪的；欺诈的E.g.：Appearancesareoftendeceptive.外表常常会骗人。Thereisnothingsoclearandnothingmoredeceptivethanemotions.再也没有像感情那么清楚，也没有比感情更容易骗人的了。desperately['despərətli]ad.(ofasituation)extremelyordangerously拼命地；绝望地；极其严重地；孤注一掷地E.g.：Hedesperatelysawherdisappearintothecrowd.他绝望地看着她消失在人群中。Idesperatelywanttokeepmyteeth.我拼命地想保住我的牙齿。far-reaching['fɑ:'ri:tʃiŋ]a.havingagreatinfluenceoreffect深远的E.g.：Someofthepropositionsarefar-reaching.这些立论中有些影响是很深远的。Ifthisobservationisaccurate,asIbelieveitis,theimplicationsarefar-reaching.如果这个见解正如我所自信的那样是正确的话，其意义是深远的。flinch['flɪn(t)ʃ]v.avoiddoingorbecominginvolvedinsth.throughfearoranxiety畏缩；退缩；畏首畏尾E.g.：Janedidn’tflinchoncewhenthedoctorcleanedthecutinherarm.医生为琼清洗手臂上的伤口时，琼毫不退缩。Rexgentlyplacedhisarmoredhandonhershoulder,makingherflinchfromthecoldhardness.雷克斯将他带着装甲的手轻轻地放在她的肩上，那种坚硬冰冷的感觉让她畏缩了一下。impostor[ɪm'pɒstə]n.onewhodeceivesundertheassumedidentity冒充者；骗子E.g.:Themanturnedouttobeanimpostor.那个人结果却是一名冒充者。Hesaidthathewasadoctor,butitsubsequentlyemergedthathewasanimpostor.他说他是位医生，但后来却发现他是一位骗子。liquidate['lɪkwɪdeɪt]v.putanendto;abolishorkill清算;清偿；消除E.g.:Theyhavedecidedtoliquidatethecorporationbytheendofthenextmonth.他们已经决定在下月底之前对公司进行清算。Aunanimousvotewastakentoliquidatethecompany.全体投票一致通过停业清理公司。lull[lʌl]n.atemporaryintervalofquietorlackofactivity暂停；间歇E.g.：Thisisjustthelullbeforethestorm.这只是暴风雨前的暂时平静。Thereisalullinpoliticalviolenceaftertheelectionofthecurrentpresident.现任总统当选之后，政治暴力进入了一段暂时的平静期。menace['menəs]n.apersonorthingthatislikelytocauseharm;athreatordanger（口）讨厌的人或物；威胁；恐吓E.g.：Theseweaponsareamenacetoworldpeace.这些武器是对世界和平的威胁。Thatfilmcreatesanatmosphereofmenace.那部影片营造出吓人的气氛。might[maɪt]n.greatstrengthandpower威力；力量E.g.：Tobefrank,thismissionisbeyondmymight.说实话，这一使命非我能力所及。Wefearthemilitarymightoftheenemy.我们惧怕敌人强大的军事力量。misfortune[mɪs'fɔːtʃuːn;-tʃ(ə)n]n.anunfortunateconditionorevent不幸；灾祸E.g.：Onemisfortunefollowedonehardonanother.不幸接踵而来。Hehadthemisfortunetobreakhisleftarm.他不幸把左胳膊折断了。overwhelming[,ovɚ'wɛlmɪŋ]a.verygreatinamount势不可挡的；压倒的；无法抗拒的E.g.：Hebouncedbackbywininganoverwhelmingelectionvictory.他通过赢得一次压倒性的胜利迅速恢复过来。Youmayfinditsomewhatoverwhelmingatfirst.起初你可能觉得它有些无法抗拒。Persevere[,pə:si'viə]:v.tocontinuetryingtodoorachievesthdespitedifficulties坚持，孜孜以求Eg.Despiteanumberofsetbacks,theyperseveredintheirattemptstoflyaroundtheworldinaballoon.虽屡遭挫折，他们仍不断尝试乘气球环游世界。Sheperseveredwithherviolinlessons.她孜孜不倦地学习小提琴。persevereinsth/indoingsthperseveringadj.showingdeterminationtoachieveaparticularaimdespitedifficulies坚韧不拔的petty:['peti]adj.1smallandunimportant小的，琐碎的Eg.pettysquabbles小口角2caringtoomuchaboutsmallandunimportantmatters,espwhenthisisunkindtootherpeople小气的，狭隘的Eg.Howcouldyoubesopetty?你怎么这么小气？Pettinessn.Slate:[sleit]n1atypeofdarkgreystonethatsplitseasilyintothinflatlayers板岩，石板Eg.Theseawasthecolorofslate.大海的颜色像石板。2asmallthinpieceofslate,usedforcoveringroofs.石板瓦Eg.Alooseslatehadfallenfromtheroof.一块松动的石板瓦从房顶上摔了下来。3alistofthecandidatesinanelection候选人名单Eg.thedemocraticslate民主党候选人名单4asmallsheetofslateinawoodenframe,usedinthepastinschoolsforchildrentowriteon(旧时学生用于写字的）石板v.1tocriticizesb/sth,espinanewspaper批评eg.toslateabook/writer2toplanthatsthwillhappenataparticulartimeinthefuture,预定，计划，安排Eg.Thehousewerefirstslatedfordemolitionfiveyearsago.这些房子在五年前就确定要拆除了。3tosuggestortochoosesbforajob,position,etc推举Eg.Heisslatedtoplaytheleadinthenewmusical.他获选在新的音乐剧中担任主角。Slated.adj.coverdwithpiecesofslate盖石板瓦的Sponge:[spʌn(d)ʒ]n.1apieceofartificialornaturalmaterialthatissoftandlightandfullofholesandcanholdwatereasily,usedforwashingorcleaning海绵块Eg.Hismindwaslikeasponge,readytoabsorbanything.他的脑子跟海绵似的，什么都能吸收。2artificialspongeusedforfillingfurniture（用于填充家具的）人造海绵3asimpleseacreaturewithalightbodyfullofholes,fromwhichnaturalspongeisobtained海绵动物v.1towashsb/sth/yourselfwithawetclothorsponge擦egShespongedhishotface.她用湿毛巾擦了擦他那滚烫的脸。2toremovesthusingawetclothorsponge用湿布擦掉EgWetriedtospongethebloodoffmyshirt.我们试着把我身上的血迹擦掉。3togetmoney,food,etc.regularlyfromotherpeoplewithoutdoinganythingforthem白要，白吃Eg.Hespenthislifespongingoffhisrelatives.他靠在众亲属那儿蹭吃蹭喝过了一辈子。Station['steɪʃ(ə)n]n.1aplacewheretrainsstopsothatpassengerscangetonandoff;thebuildingsconnectedwiththis火车站EgIgetoffatthenextstation.2aplacewherebusesstop;thebuildingsconnectedwiththis.公共汽车站EgCanyoutellmethewaytothestation?3aplaceorbuildingwhereaserviceisorganizedandprovidedoraspecialtypeofworkisdone站，所4yoursocialposition社会地