1 优化句子的四种常用方法

优化句子的四种常用方法篇章结构连贯的常用词语整合信息的十种语言手段优化句子的四种常用方法一、同位语手段二、运用并列句三、运用短语四、运用从句此方法多用于介绍人物、事物或地点等。[例1]介绍事物(2008广东)背景：射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。Shooting,ameansofsurvivaloriginally,developedintoasportonlyinthelate19thcentury.同位语手段[例2]介绍人物(2009广东)时间:上周末对象:眼科医生(eye-doctor)王教授主题:我国中小学生近视(eye-sightedness)问题Lastweekend,IhadaninterviewwithProfessorWang,aneye-doctor,concerningtheissueofshort-sightednessoftheschoolchildreninChina.[例3]介绍地点姓名：李华身份：育才中学学生职位：学生会主席校址：你们大学附近I’mLiHua,ChairmanoftheStudentUnionofYucaiMiddleSchool,whichisclosetoyouruniversity.1.(翻译)李敏是个女孩子,今年18岁,她在光华中学学习,她是我的邻居也是我最好的朋友。运用1.LiMing,agirlof18,myneighbourandmybestfriend,isstudyinginGuanghuaMiddleschool.2.(整合)GuangzhouisthecapitalofGuangdongProvince.ItislocatedinthemiddleofGuangdongProvince.ItisthecultureandeconomycenterofGuangdongProvince.2.Guangzhou,thecapitalandthecultureandeconomiccenterofGuangdongProvince,islocatedinthemiddleofGuangdong.3.(整合)ZhangHaiismale.Heis23yearsold.HegraduatedfromHunanNormalUniversitylastyear.3.ZhangHai,male,23yearsold,graduatedfromHunanNormalUniversitylastyear.常用的并列连词有and,but,or,otherwise,nor,so,yet,however,for,aswellas,both…and,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,(and)then,since等。运用并列句[例4]他不喜欢音乐，也不喜欢运动。[一般]Hedoesn’tlikemusic.Hedoesn’tlikesports,either.[高级]Helikesneithermusicnorsports.[例5]我不喜欢他，他很自私。[一般]Idon’tlikehim.Heisselfish.[高级]Idon’tlikehim,forheisselfish.4.Heworkshardhimself.Heencouragesustoworkhard,too.运用用连接词整合下列句子。4.Henotonlyworkshardhimselfbutalsoencouragesustoworkhard.5.Theseglassesareveryexpensive.Pleasebecarefulwiththem.5.Pleasebecarefulwiththeglasses,fortheyareveryexpensive.6.HalfofthegirlschoosefilmandTVstarsastheiridols.48%oftheboysfavorsportsstars.6.HalfofthegirlschoosefilmandTVstarsastheiridolswhile48%oftheboysfavorsportsstars.7.Accordingtotheprofessor,thecauseofshort-sightednessisverycomplicated.Nomedicinecancureit.7.Accordingtotheprofessor,thecauseofshort-sightednessisverycomplicated,sonomedicinecancureit.8.Iamgoodatexpressingmyself.Ihavethelanguageadvantageoverothers.8.NotonlyamIgoodatexpressingmyselfbutIalsohavethelanguageadvantageoverothers.[例6]我很惊讶，一切进展得那么顺利。[一般]Iwassurprised.Everythingwentonverywell.[高级]Tomysurprise,everythingwentonwell.运用短语根据具体情况我们可以用现在分词、过去分词，介词短语、不定式短语等。[例7]她回到舞厅。她寻找丢失的项链。[一般]Shewentback.Shewantedtofindherlostnecklace.[高级]Shewentbacktofindherlostnecklace.[例8]故事是用简单的英语写的，很受英语初学者的欢迎。[一般]ThestoriesarewritteninsimpleEnglish.TheyarepopularwithEnglishbeginners[高级]WritteninsimpleEnglish,thestoriesarepopularwithEnglishbeginners.9.Hewasill.Hedidn’tgotoschool.运用用短语整合句子。9.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.10.Themanissingingasong.Heismybrother.10.Themansingingasongismybrother.11.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontest.ItwillbeheldonJune5.11.I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldonJune5.12.Aftershelistenedtomeforawhile,shegavemeabigsmileandsaidshelikedmyvoiceverymuch.12.Afterlisteningtomeforawhile,shegavemeabigsmile,sayingshelikedmyvoiceverymuch.[例9]废水被直接排放河里,河水被严重污染。[一般]Wastewaterisdirectlyletintotheriver.Theriverisseriouslypolluted.[高级]Theriverisseriouslypollutedbecausewastewaterisdirectlyletintotheriver.运用从句最常用的是状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句和定语从句.[例10]他病得很重，这让我着急。[一般]Hewasseriouslyill.Itmademeworried.[高级]Thathewasseriouslyillmademeworried.Hewasseriouslyill,whichmademeworried.运用用从句整合下列句子。13.Heneverlostagame.Iwasreallyastonished.13.Iwasreallyastonishedthatheneverlostagame.14.LiHuaismyclassmate.HisEnglishisverygood.14.LiHuaismyclassmate,whoseEnglishisverygood.15.Asformyself,ThomasEdisonismyidol.Hisinventionshavegreatlychangedourlife.15.Asformyself,ThomasEdisonismyidolbecausehisinventionshavegreatlychangedourlife.或Asformyself,ThomasEdison,whoseinventionshavegreatlychangedourlife,ismyidol.16.CurrentlyChinahasabout350millionsmokers.Amongthesesmokers75%aremenand25%arewomen.16.CurrentlyChinahasabout350millionsmokers,amongwhom75%aremenand25%arewomen.17.Wearenowlivinginaninformationage.TV,cellsandtheWebarewidelyusedinthisage.17.WearenowlivinginaninformationageinwhichTV,cellsandtheWebarewidelyused.需要注意的是，我们在写作时，不要一味地追求复杂句型，能简则简，能用短语，就不用从句。在句式多样的前提下，尽量做到精练。温馨提示:[例11]我到家后马上给他打电话。[一般]AfterIgothome,Icalledhimatonce.[较好]Aftergettinghome,Icalledhimatonce.[例12]我正在餐桌旁吃饭，一个人朝我走了过来，那个人戴着一顶黑帽子。[复杂]Iwaseatingatthetablewhenamanwhowaswearingablackhatcameuptome.[简明]WhenIwaseatingatthetable,amanwearingablackhatcameuptome.[综合练习]下面是广东2008年高考英语试题基础写作的内容，请用上面所讲的四种方法整合句子。18.Shootingwasoriginallyameansofsurvival.Itdevelopedintoasportonlyinthelate19thcentury.Thesportfirstappearedin1896.Nonewerecontestedduringthe1904and1928Games.ThesportreturnedtotheOlympicsin1932.WomenwerefirstallowedtocompeteintheOlympicshootingin1968.Thesporthadjustthreeeventsatthe1896OlympicGames.Nowithas17shootingevents.18.Shooting,whichwasoriginallyameansofsurvival,developedintoasportonlyinthelate19thcentury.Thesportfirstappearedin1896,butnonewerecontestedduringthe1904and1928Games.ThesportreturnedtotheOlympicsin1932.WomenwerefirstallowedtocompeteintheOlympicshootingin1968.Thesporthasgrownsteadilyfromjustthreeeventsatthe1896Olympic