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()JOURNALOFSHANDONGNORMALUNIVERSITY(HumanitiesandSocialSciences)2010552(229)2010Vo.l55No.2(GeneralNo.229)*夏从亚1,刘国红2(1.(),,257061;2.(),,257061):科学问题是一定时代的科学认识主体,在特定的知识背景下,通过对研究对象的具体分析和缜密思考,提出的关于科学认识和科学实践中有待解决的矛盾或疑难科学问题的发现途径存在于五种矛盾之中,主要有科学知识体系内部的逻辑矛盾不同学科或不同学派的理论之间的矛盾经验事实相互协调统一的矛盾科学事实游弋于已有理论的矛盾已有理论落后于实践诉求的矛盾任何一个科学问题都不是在虚无中产生,而是建立在相关的已有成果交织的背景之上的提出科学问题需要应用多种思维方法:科学问题;科学认识;发现途径;矛盾;思维方法:G301:A:1001-5973(2010)02-0116-06*:2010-02-01:(1961-),,,(),;(1978-),,,():,[1](P864):,,[2](P318),,,:,,,,,,,,,,,;,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,116,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[3](P231),,,,,,,(),();,;[4],,,,,[4],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,()(),,,,,,,,,,,,;,,117[5](P209),,,,,17,,,,,,,,();,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[6],,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,20,19,,1900,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,118,,,,,,,,()[7](P447),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,[3](P244),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,119,,;,,,,(),,,,1869,,,,,,2063,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,17,,,,:,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,[3](P256)19592040-50,,120??2040,,?,,,1955,,,,,?,,,(2005)(2008):,,,,;,;,,,--,,:[1]:4.[M].:,1966.[2][].[M]..:,1986.[3].[M].:,2005.[4]..[J].(),1999,(9).[5].(2)[M].:,2008.[6].:[M].:,2008.[7],.[J].(),2008,(9).BrieflyupontheDiscoveryandthePutting-ForwardofScientificProblemsXiaCongya1,LiuGuohong2(1.SchoolofHumanitiesandSocialSciences,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum,Dongying,Shandong2570612.CollegeofEconomicsandManagement,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum,Dongying,Shandong257061)Abstract:Scientificproblemsarependingcontradictionsorpuzzlesofscientificunderstandingandscientificprac-ticewhichareputforwardbyscientificscholarswithspecificknowledgebackground.Normally,theyanalyzeandthinkaboutresearchobjectthoroughlyandthenpresentthescientismissues.Theexplorationofscientificproblemsoriginatesfromfivedifferentconflicts,includinginternallogicconflictsofsciencesystem,academicconflictsfromdeferentschoolofthough,tcoordinationandunificationconflictsbetweenexperienceandreality,conflictsbetweensciencetheoryandpracticeandtheconflictsfromexistingtheorylaggingbehindpracticalcondition.Anyscientificproblemsarenotproducedinthenothingness,areestablishedintherelevantresultsofinterwovenandtheback-groundofscientific.Presentingscienceproblemsneedsdifferentthoughts.Keywords:scientificproblems;scientificunderstanding;explorationapproach;conflic;twayofthinking责任编辑:李小虎121