生活垃圾卫生填埋场设计

中国矿业大学2014届本科生毕业设计第1页苏北A市生活垃圾卫生填埋场工艺设计班级：学生姓名：学号：指导教师：学校x年x月x号中国矿业大学2014届本科生毕业设计第2页摘要随着我国经济实力增强，人口高速增长，人民生活水平提高，城市化进程不断加速，城市所产生的垃圾也越来越多。由于人口基数大，我国早已成为世界上年产垃圾最多的国家，并且垃圾量还以每年9%左右的增长速率继续增加，因此城市垃圾处理已成为政府和百姓关注的焦点。目前垃圾处理主要分为焚烧，卫生填埋和堆肥三种。由于卫生填埋具有操作简单、投资和运行成本低廉、对垃圾无特殊要求等优点，目前已成为我国城市垃圾处理的主要方式。本设计根据A市自然地理和经济情况以及各处理方式的比选最终选择卫生填埋法处理该市垃圾。因为该市垃圾产量大，所以对填埋场进行分区建设，并通过预测未来的垃圾量以及相应的规范选择了符合要求的场地。随着垃圾填埋时间的增长，会产生一定量的渗滤液和填埋气体，因此需要建设相应的防渗工程和导排系统阻止污染物对周围环境的污染，并对这些污染物进行处理与利用。关键词：卫生填埋场；水平防渗；渗滤液处理；填埋气体导排和利用中国矿业大学2014届本科生毕业设计第3页ABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofeconomy,population,livingstandardsandacceleratingurbanization,theamountofwasteisalsoincreasing.Duetothegreatpopulationbase,Chinahasbecomethecountrywiththelargestannualwasteintheworld,andthewastecontinuestoincreaseinthegrowthof9%.Sothedisposalofmunicipalwastehasraisedthefocusofthegovernmentandpeople.Currently,therearethreemethodsofmunicipalwastedisposal,includingincineration,sanitarylandfillandcomposting.Duetosanitarylandfillissimple,thecostsofinvestmentandoperatingisnottoomuchandnospecialrequirementsforwaste,etc,ithasbecomethemainmethodofthedisposalofmunicipalwaste.Accordingtoeconomic,naturalgeographicandthecomparisonofthethreemethods,wechoosesanitarylandfilltodisposethewasteinAcityfinally.Becausetheamountofwasteislarge,wodecidetobuildthelandfillseparatelyandchoosethemostsuitablelandaccordingtothepredictionofwasteanddesignstandards.Duringthedegradationofwaste,landfillleachateandgasisproduced,soweneedtobuildappropriateseepageengineeringanddrainagesystemtoprotecttheenvironmentfromcontamination,andtrytodisposeandusethemwell.Keywords:sanitarylandfill；horizontalseepage；treatmentoflandfillleachate；useandguideoflandfillgas.中国矿业大学2014届本科生毕业设计第4页目录一、概述......................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。1.1工程概况.......................................................................................................................71.2设计原则与范围..........................................................................................................71.2.1编制原则............................................................................................................71.2.2处理方案选择原则............................................................................................71.3设计依据......................................................................................................................71.4规范和标准..................................................................................................................8二、工程基础资料.....................................................................................................................82.1城市概况......................................................................................................................82.1.1地理位置............................................................................................................82.1.2社会环境概况....................................................................................................82.1.3经济概况............................................................................................................82.1.4交通运输............................................................................................................92.2自然条件......................................................................................................................92.2.1地形地貌............................................................................................................92.2.2气象资料...........................................................................................................92.2.3水文地质...........................................................................................................92.2.4地震与防洪.......................................................................................................92.3A市环境卫生现状和规划...........................................................................................92.3.1A市环境卫生现状.............................................................................................92.3.2A市环境卫生规划简述...................................................................................102.3.3垃圾量预测......................................................................................................102.3.4垃圾处理方式选择..........................................................................................11三、卫生填埋场厂址选择.......................................................................................................123.1填埋容积预测.............................................................................................................123.2填埋场区域确定.........................................................................................................133.3填埋场类型.................................................................................................................133.4填埋场等级划分与规模确定.....................................................................................133.5填埋场选址条件................................................