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U1P4GrammarSubject-verbAgreementSubject-VerbAgreement主谓一致即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。语法一致1.当主语由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词；如表示不同的人或物时,谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词有冠词。Theworkerandwriter____(be)fromWuhan.那个工人兼作家Theworkerandthewriter_____(be)fromBeijing.那位工人和那位作家isare（一）谓语动词为单数的情况Aknifeandfork___usedtohavemeals.isThesingeranddancer_____onthestage.isGoingoutforawalkaftersupperisagoodhabit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。Whetherwe’llgodependsontheweather.我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。2.非谓语动词（不定式或动名词短语）、名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。例如：1.ReadingEnglishpapersandmagazines___helpfultoourstudyofEnglish.(is/are)2.Whetherhecomesornot____ofnomatter.(is/are)3.Tosay___onething;todo___another.(is/are)4.Listening,speaking,readingandwriting____fourskillsforEnglishstudy.(is/are)5.Wheretofindtheplantandwhattodowithit_____stilltheproblemstosettle.(is/are)isisisisareareSomething____(has/have)gonewrongwithmywatch.Anybodywho_______(break/breaks)therulewillbepunished.3.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主语，谓语动词用单数形式;hasbreaks4．every…and(every)…,each…and(each)…,no…and(no)…,manya…and(manya)…连接两个单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。•Everydeskandeverychairismadeofwood.•Manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake.5．one/everyone/each/either/thenumber+of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。Eachofthestudentshasabook.6clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage等无生命的集合名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。Clothingisbadlyneededinthisfloodedarea.7．单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。8.主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，togetherwith，except，but，like，aswellas，ratherthan，morethan，nolessthan，besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如：Mr.Green，togetherwithhiswifeandchildren，hascometoChina.NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.She，likeyouandTom，isverytall.（二）谓语动词为复数的情况1.由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。Bothbreadandbutteraresoldout.2.people,police,cattle等有生命的集体名词作主语。Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.3.goods,stairs,arms等名词作主语。4．由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s结尾的专有名词作主语。TheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.5.anumberof/quantitiesof/agroupof+名词作主语Twopictures______onthewall,whichattractmanypeople.Onthewall_____twopictures,whichattractmanypeople.Theirteacher______amongthestudents,whoisinherthirties.Amongthestudents_____theirteacher,whoisinherthirties.（三）倒装句中的语法一致arearestandsstands意义一致即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。1.由集体名词,如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,audience,club,party,crew等作主语时,强调整体用单数，强调个体成员用复数。Hisfamilyisverylarge.他家是一个大家庭。Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。Theteam____somegoodplayers.(have)Theteam____handsome.(be)hasare2.all,none,neither,some,any等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。Allarepresent.Allthefoodtastesgood.3.表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词则用单数形式;Twoyears______passedsinceIleftNingbo;Onemilliondollars______agreatsumofmoney.①Everymeans______beentriedsincethen.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is②Nonews____goodnews.(is/are)③Maths_____thesubjectthatIlikemost.(is/are)4.以-s结尾的名词，本身不表示复数意义，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。如news,maths,physics,theUnitedStates,works等作主语。hasisisisA5．means,works,pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。Thesteelworksisnearthestation.Twonewsteelworksarebeingbuilt.6．kind,sort,pair，type+名词作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。7.half/most/enough/part/therest/thelast/lots/plenty/分数、百分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词的形式与of后面的名词的数一致。Tenpercentofthepupils_____absenttoday.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth____sea.areise.g.Tomisoneofthestudentswho_____goodatplayingfootball.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho____goodatplayingfootball.areis[注意]在“oneof+复数名词+关系代词”的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式；但是若前有theonly,将其限定为只有一个时,谓语动词用单数形式.8.“oneof+复数名词+关系代词”的结构9.the＋adj.作主语•the＋adj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如theold,theyoung,therich,thepoor等•the+adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如thebeautiful,thegood等Theold____takengoodcareofinoursociety.Therich____forthedecisionbutthepoorareagainstit.Thewounded____ayoungboy.Thebeautiful____notalwaysthesameasthegood.arearewasis在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。就近原则1.当两个主语由either……or，neither……nor，whether……or……，notonly……butalso连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。Eg.Eithertheteacherorthestudentsareourfriends.Neithertheynorheiswhollyright.Isneitherhenortheywhollyright？2.therebe句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。Eg：Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.注意：Here引导的句子用法同上。如：Hereisamapandahandbookforyou.keys1.BAAAB6.DDABC11.ACDBA16.DBAAB21.DD