雅思阅读定位词

定位词一.同义替换用意思相同的词或短语替换原文中出现的词或短语1.同义词或同义的短语2.对原文出现的词的解释•KimSchaefer’smarketingtechniquemaybeopentocriticismonmoralgrounds.（剑6，Test4）•KimSchaefer’smarketingtechniquemaybeopentocriticismonmoralgrounds.（剑6，Test4）“Sellingpharmaceuticalsisadailyexerciseinethicaljudgment”，•Moralethical道德的•Anystreetchildcansetuptheirownsmallbusinessifgivenenoughsupport.（剑4，Test3）•Anystreetchildcansetuptheirownsmallbusinessifgivenenoughsupport.（剑4，Test3）•“Beinganentrepreneurisnotforeveryone,notforeverystreetchild”。•Setupone’sownbusiness•beinganentrepreneur•常见转换•同义词evolve→developdetect→findmortal→peopleunbiased→objective解释limb→armorlegwaste→unwantedmaterialresemble→looklikedwelling→domesticbuilding二.近义替换近义词或近义的短语•However,evenbeforethiswasunderstood,theprinciplehadbeenappliedinthedesignofinstrumentswhichcalculatedthe____oftheseabed。(剑7，Test1)•However,evenbeforethiswasunderstood,theprinciplehadbeenappliedinthedesignofinstrumentswhichcalculatedthe____oftheseabed。(剑7，Test1)Beforethiswasdiscovered,engineershadalreadybuiltinstrumentstoexploittheprinciple,forexampletomeasurethedepthoftheseaunderaship”。CalculatemeasureSeabedsea•近义转换salary→wagestatement→commentbegainedfrom→derivefromvaluable→importantbreakdown→subdivide三.词性转换名词，动词，形容词，副词之间的转换Monkeyswerelesslikelytobecomediabetic.（剑6，Test3）•Monkeyswerelesslikelytobecomediabetic.…andtheyhavemorenormalbloodglucoselevels(pointingtoareducedriskfordiabetes.Diabetic患糖尿病的diabetes糖尿病•Archaeologyinvolvescreativityaswellascarefulinvestigativework.（剑4，Test4）•Archaeologyinvolves(creativity)aswellascarefulinvestigativework.（剑4，Test4）Archaeology…ispartlytheexerciseofthecreativeimagination…itisinvestigatingthesewersofRomanBritain”。creativityn.Creativeadj.Investigativeadj.Investigatev.四.反义词的否定形式•Whatmakesstickyinsectsfeetspecialisthefactthattheycanalsodetachthemselveseasilyfromasurface。•Whatmakesstickyinsectsfeetspecialisthefactthattheycanalsodetachthemselveseasilyfromasurface。Therearelotsofwaystomaketwosurfacessticktogether,butthereareveryfewwhichprovidereversibleattachment.detachattachmentreversibleattachmentdetach五.上义词/下义词文章的原词以及题干中的词为包含与被包含的关系•Studiesshowdrugsavailabletodaycan()theprocessofgrowingold.剑6，Test3•Studiesshowdrugsavailabletodaycannot()theprocessofaging.Asresearchersonagingnotedrecently,notreatmentonthemarkettodayhasbeenprovedtoslowhumanaging.drugtreatment•howAImighthaveamilitaryimpact.（剑5，Test3）•howAImighthaveamilitaryimpact.•“HNCclaimthattheirsystembasedonaclusterof30processors,couldbeusedtospotcamouflagedvehiclesonabattlefieldMilitarybattlefield•military→weapon/theSecondWorldWar/battlefieldthenewspaperandtelevision→media六.原词•时间，缩写，专有名词、专业术语或实义名词•ProblemsinNordiccountrieswereexcludedbecausetheyareoutsidetheEuropeanEconomicCommunity.（剑7，Test3）•Thoseconfinedtoparticulargeographicalareas,suchascountriesborderingtheMediterraneanortheNordiccountriesthereforehadtobediscarded