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阅读理解•1.细节理解题•2.推理判断•3.猜词义•4.主旨归纳阅读理解方法---猜词义•1．根据定义或解释猜测词义•这类定义或解释通常由生词后的同位语（从句）或定语从句引出。•例：Themodernageofmedicinebeganwiththestethoscope,aninstrumentforlisteningtoapatient’sheartbeatandbreathing.•同位语，stethoscope是用来听病人心脏跳动和呼吸的仪器，即“听诊器”。•2．根据对比关系猜测词义•当句中含有but,however,yet,though,although,ontheotherhand,instead等表示转折意义的词时，前后句含有对比意义，据此可以猜测生词的词义。•例：AndrewisoneofthemostsuperciliousmenIknew.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitemodest.•incontrast表示对比，supercilious与modest意义相对应，supercilious“傲慢的；目空一切的”。•3．根据因果关系猜测词义•表示因果关系的信息词有：because,so,therefore,thus,so…that等。•例：IfoundIwaspayingtoomuchattentiontothejobandthussacrificedmyresttime.•Thus因此，sacrifice意为“牺牲；失去”。•4．根据同等关系猜测词义•表示同等关系的信息词有：and,or,namely,that’stosay,inotherwords等。•例：Hissecretofahealthylifehasbeenwellpublicized---noalcohol,nocigaretteandnoanger.由alivingandhealthylife以及同类名词cigarette可推测alcohol意为“酒精，酒”。•5．根据同义词、近义词或反义词猜测词义•这类同义词、近义词或反义词往往有and,or,but,however等信息词作暗示。•例：Inourcompetitiveworldoftoday,examinationsplayahighlyselectingorfilteringrole.•句中selecting与filtering含义相近，可由selecting（挑选）推测filtering意为“筛选；选拔”。•6．根据构词法猜测词义•通常用前缀，后缀或合成词。•例：Hewasperformingandhistechniquewasunbelievable.Histonewaswonderfulandhisaudiencedeeplylovedhim.•unbelievable是由词根believe，前缀un-，后缀-able组成，意为“cannotbebelieved”，即“难以置信的”。•7．根据经验或常识猜测词义•例：Theheatofsunwarmssomeoceanwater.Thesurfaceofthewaterevaporates,formingacloudofwarm,wetairthatmovesupward.•“海水因受到光照蒸发，水气上升形成暖湿云团”。由此可知evaporates意为“蒸发”。•8．根据上下文猜测词义•词不离句，句不离文。•例：Thepupilsassembledinfrontoftheschoolhall.Theycametogethertolistentotheheadmasterannouncetheresultofthesportsmeeting.•第二句有cametogether（聚到一起），很明显学生们是“聚集到”学校大厅前听校长宣布运动会的成绩。(gettogether,gathertogether)•9．根据举例猜测词义•这类信息词有suchas,forexample,forinstance等短语。•例：Todayyoungcoupleswhoarejuststartingtheirhouseholdoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washing-machine,fridgeandcolourTVsets.•从forinstance后所列举的例子可知，appliances意为“electricalequipmentusedathome”，即“家用电器”。•10．根据标点符号猜测词义•这类标点符号通常为括号、冒号、破折号、逗号等。•例：Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchool,orEnglishLearning.•根据冒号后面所举例子可知periodicals意为“magazinespublishedatregulartimes”，即“期刊”。阅读理解题方法—猜词义•1．根据定义或解释猜测词义•2．根据对比关系猜测词义•3．根据因果关系猜测词义•4．根据同等关系猜测词义•5．根据同义词、近义词或反义词猜测词义•6．根据构词法猜测词义•7．根据经验或常识猜测词义•8．根据上下文猜测词义•9．根据举例猜测词义•10．根据标点符号猜测词义词义猜测在2009年高考中的体现2009年全国卷I•“Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging”saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-poxmaybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowalittleaboutthedisease.•A.anewdiseaseB.aclearwarning•C.adangerousanimalD.amorningcallB2009年全国卷I•Ifyourchildisunwillingtodiscusssomething,don`tinsisthetellyouwhat`sonhismind.Themoreyouinsist,themorelikelythathe`llcalmup.•A.becomeexcitedB.showrespectC.refusetotalkD.seekhelpC2009年全国卷II(41题)•Iknowwhatyou`rethinking:pizza?Forbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnight`sleftoversinthea.m.ifyouwantto.•A.foodremainingafterameal•B.thingsleftundone•C.mealsmadeofvegetables•D.pizzatoppedwithfruitA2009年全国卷II（45题）•Havingahusbandmeansanextrasevenhoursofhouseworkeachweekforwomen,accordingtoanewstudy.Formen,gettingmarriedsavesanhourofhouseworkaweek.“Itisawell-knownpattern”saidleadresearcherFrankStafford.“Menusuallyworkmoreoutsidethehome,whilewomentakeonmoreofthehousework.”•45.Amarriedman______________A.takeonbehavierworkB.doesmorehouseworkC.isthemainbreadwinnerD.isthemasterofthehouseC2009年福建卷•FlytothegreatcityofShanghaiandintheeveningsampletraditionalShanghaifood.•A.buyB.reserveC.tasteD.makeC2009年安徽卷•Ofcourse,thegoodofoxenisnotlimitedtoplowing.Infact,theyareseenas“boatonland”fortheirabilitytocarryloads.•A.annimalsfortakeinggood•B.creaturesforpullingplows•C.treasuresofthefolkculture•D.toolsinthefarmingeconomyA2009年安徽卷•Peopleobviouslyhaveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.Therearetwomainreasonsforthis.•A.wewilllosemuchmorethanwecangain•B.Humanshavebegundestroyingrainforests•C.Peoplehaveastrongdesireforresources•D.MuchcarbondioxidecomesfromburningrainforestsA2009年天津卷•Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdiehard,andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.•A.changesuddely•B.changesignificantly•C.disappearmysteriously•D.disappearveryslowlyD2009年辽宁卷•Butitisatwo-waystreet.IjustheardaboutthousandShenzhenofficeworkerswhohavegonetoBangaloretotraininsoftware.Meanwhile，theIndiaITmajorsaresettingupastrongpresenceinChina.•A.ChinaandIndiahavedifferenttrafficrulesB.TeatradeworkswondersinbothIndiaandIndia•C.ChineseproductsarepopularinbothChinaandIndia•D.TheexchangesbetweenIndiaandChinabenefitboth.D2009年湖北卷Onedayin1980,myuncleMiltonreceivedhisdraftnotice.Mygrandparentswereveryupset.Butmymother,attheageof10,fellontopoftheworldabouthersoldierbrothergoingofftowar.•A.orderforarmyservice•B.trainticketforEurope•C.letterofrejection•D.noteofwarningA2009年浙江卷•Thewomanstoppedunloadingherbasketandlookedupatme.Shesmiled.Itwasanicesmile----warmandreassuring---andIre