5-秦安隧道风险评估报告35

新建铁路宝鸡至兰州客运专线省界至兰州段施工图（审核稿）秦安隧道风险评估及安全应急预案设计中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司2012年10月西安秦安隧道风险评估及安全应急预案设计—1—目录一、编制依据···········································································3二、隧道概况···········································································3（一）地形地貌··································································4（二）地层岩性··································································4（三）地质构造··································································8（四）水文地质··································································8（五）不良地质及特殊岩土分布、特征··································10三、评估对象范围及目标···························································11四、风险评估程序和评估方法·····················································11（一）评估程序·································································11（二）评估方法································································12五、风险评估内容···································································13（一）风险指标体系··························································13（二）风险清单表·····························································13（三）风险分级及接受准则·················································13（四）风险识别································································15（五）初始风险评定··························································16（六）风险目标分析··························································19（七）降低风险的对策·······················································20（八）残留风险等级··························································27（九）风险评估结果··························································30七、风险管理应急预案·····························································30秦安隧道风险评估及安全应急预案设计—2—（一）组织机构································································30（二）应急响应································································30（三）应急物资与装备保障·················································31（四）现场恢复································································31（五）培训与演练·····························································31（六）突发事件、紧急情况逃生预案·····································32秦安隧道风险评估及安全应急预案设计—3—一、编制依据1、铁道部文件：《关于印发加强铁路隧道工程安全工作的若干意见的通知》（铁建设【2007】102号）。2、铁道部文件：《关于进一步加强铁路隧道安全工作的通知》（铁建设【2007】1007号）。3、《铁路隧道风险评估与管理暂行规定》（铁建设〔2007〕200号）。4、铁道部文件：关于印发《铁路建设工程安全风险管理暂行办法》的通知（铁建设【2010】162号）。5、2010年1月29日，兰新铁路甘青有限公司有限责任公司在兰州主持召开新建铁路宝兰客专（甘肃段）初步设计隧道风险评估报告评审会：《新建铁路宝兰客专（甘肃段）初步设计隧道风险评估审查会专家意见》。6、铁道部：《铁道部关于新建宝鸡至兰州铁路客运专线初步设计的批复》。7、国家发展和改革委员会文件：《国家发展改革委关于新建宝鸡至兰州铁路客运专线初步设计的批复》（发改基础【2011】370号）。8、其他国家、铁道部规定的安全规程，如《中华人民共和国安全生产法》、《国家突发事件总体应急预案》和《国务院关于进一步加强安全生产工作的决定》、《铁路工程施工安全技术规程》（TB10401）、《隧道施工安全作业手册》、《铁路隧道钻爆法施工工序及作业指南》、《铁路建设工程安全生产管理办法》、《铁路营业线施工及安全管理办法》（铁办〔2007〕186号）、《铁路隧道监控量测技术规程》等有关规定。二、隧道概况秦安隧道位于天水市秦安县，隧道地处天礼盆地低中山丘陵区西北部，地面高程一般为1228~1620m，相对高差300～400m，通过区地形起伏较大，沟深坡陡，隧道进口端ⅢDK813+500~ⅢDK814+430段下穿王家墩滑秦安隧道风险评估及安全应急预案设计—4—坡前缘。隧道起讫里程为ⅢDK813+500～ⅢDK818+405.3，全长4905.3m，为单洞双线隧道。最大埋深约335m。隧道全部位于半径为R-8700m的曲线上。洞身纵坡为3‰/1150m、19.5‰/2450、-3‰/1305.3m的人字坡。隧道进口下穿天馋公路，出口位于叶堡，上跨天馋公路，均离秦安县较近，交通便利。秦安隧道4905.3m，结合隧道所处地形、地质条件，考虑施工工期、洞口施工条件及运营期间救援疏散要求，采用1座无轨运输斜井+1座无轨运输横洞辅助施工。辅助坑道总长度1224.91m秦安隧道辅助坑道设置表表1序号辅助坑道编号与正洞角度斜长m综合坡度左、右侧单、双车道结构性质用途交点里程11号斜井ⅢDK814+0006700233.877.1右单临时22号横洞ⅢDK815+120491922991.040.9右单临时（一）地形地貌隧道地处天礼盆地低中山丘陵区西北部，隧道进口位于葫芦河西岸的二级阶地上，海拔高程1228～1620m，相对高差300～400m，在水流切割侵蚀作用下冲沟发育，沟深坡陡，主沟多切割至第三系泥岩、华力西期花岗岩，支沟零星见有基岩出口。葫芦河西岸十余公里山坡连续发育切黄土层和第三系泥岩的巨型滑坡，葫芦河两岸发育宽阔一、二级阶地。（二）地层岩性隧道进出口及地表为第四系黏质黄土覆盖，隧道隧道洞身主要为上第三系泥岩、震旦系下统变砂岩、华力西期花岗岩；在隧道进口端DK813+520～DK814+450段隧道洞身位于葫芦河的一、二级阶地的第四系松散层中，下面分述如下：1、第四系全新统滑坡堆积体（Q4）秦安隧道风险评估及安全应急预案设计—5—（1）黏质黄土（Q4sl3）：分布在滑坡的表层，厚度约为10～58m，淡黄色，粉土颗粒为主，土质较均匀，局部夹有第三系泥岩的岩屑、碎块，Ⅱ级普通土，σ。=100kPa。（2）角砾土（Q4sl6）：为滑坡滑带及滑坡堆积体地层，厚度约为20～40m，杂色（棕红、浅灰）主要成分为第三系的泥岩，泥质结构，略见层状构造，原岩结构已破坏，岩芯多呈土状、碎石状，部分地段挤压痕迹较明显，Ⅲ级硬土，σ。=200kPa。2、第四系全新统（Q4）(1)黏质黄土（Q4al3）：分布于一级阶地表层，厚10～15m。灰黄色，土质疏松，含植物根系。稍湿，Ⅱ级普通土，σ0=120kPa。(2)粉质黏土（Q4al1）：分布于一、二级阶地黏质黄土之下，厚度6～12m，灰褐色杂灰黑色，土质较均一,局部夹薄层粉土、粉细砂，含少量砂粒，具水平层理,地下水位以下，软塑，σ0＝100kPa，地下水位以上，硬塑，Ⅱ级普通土,σ0＝120kPa。(3)粉砂（Q4al4）：灰色～褐红色，厚度约0.5～2m，成分以石英、长石为主，砂质纯净，含少量黏性土，中密，潮湿，Ⅰ级松土,σ0＝100kPa(4)细砂（Q4al4）：灰色～褐红色，厚度约1～2m，成分以石英、长石为主，砂质纯净，含少量黏性土，中密，潮湿，Ⅰ级松土,σ0＝120kPa。(5)中砂（Q4al5）：厚度2～4m，灰白色,颗粒成分以长石、石英为主,潮湿－饱和,中密，Ⅰ级松土,σ0＝200kPa。(6)砾砂（Q4al5）：灰黄色等杂色，厚度0.9～2m不等，局部可达6m，主要成分为石英、长石，砂质不纯，颗粒不均，含少量黏性土，Ⅰ级松土,σ0＝250kPa。(7)细圆砾土（Q4al6）：灰色，厚约2～4m，成份以花岗岩、砂岩为主，浑圆状，磨圆度好，分选性一般，粒径2～20mm的约占55%，大于20mm的秦安隧道风险评估及安全应急预案设计—6—约占35%，局部夹少量漂石，杂粒砂充填。中密，饱和，Ⅱ级普通土，σ0=450kPa。(8)粗圆砾土（Q4al6）：黄褐色等杂色，成分以砂岩，花岗岩为主，圆棱状，粒径20～40mm约占30%，40～60mm约占25%，大于60mm约占15%，小于20mm约占5%，最大粒径16mm，其余多为杂砂和黏性土充填，多位于细圆砾土层之下，密实，潮湿-饱和，Ⅲ级硬土，σ。=550kPa。（9）粗角砾土（Q4pl6）：为分布于隧道出口段，厚度约为5～15m，杂色，主要成分为片岩，岩芯多呈碎石状，Ⅲ级硬土，σ。=500kPa。(10)卵石土（Q4al7）：灰色，厚度约2～3m，成分以花岗岩，砂岩为主，多呈浑圆状，粒径小于60mm约占10%，60～100mm约占25%，100～200mm约占30%，最大粒径约300mm，密实，潮湿-饱和，Ⅳ级软石，σ。=700kPa。3、第四系上更新统（Q3）（1）黏质黄土（Q3eol3）：主要分布于梁顶，浅黄－灰黄色，厚度10～30m，土质均一，颗粒以黏粒为主，土体较疏松，垂直节理发育，虫孔及针状孔隙发育，表层含有植物根系，Ⅱ级普通土，0～10m，硬塑,σ0＝120kPa，10m以下，硬塑-坚硬，潮湿,σ0＝150kPa。（2）砂质黄土（Q3eol3）：主要分布于梁顶，浅黄－灰黄色，厚度10～30m，土质均一，颗粒以粉粒为主，土体较疏松，垂直节理发育，虫孔及针状孔隙发育，表层含有植物根系，Ⅱ级普通土，0～10m，稍密,σ0＝120kPa，10m以下，中密，潮湿,σ0＝150kPa。（3）粉质黏土（Q3al1）：分布于高阶地中，厚度5～20m，深灰色、灰褐色，土质较均