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©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(1970-),,,,2007,,()20093(110)(,100081):,,,:;;;:D633:A:100424922(2009)0320014208,,,,;,,,,;,,,,,,(nationstate),,,,,,,,,,[1],,,,,,,,,,,41©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,[2],,,,,,(),,,,[3],,,,,,,,1648,20,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,::[4]51©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[5],,,:,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,:::,,,,,[6],,[7],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,(),;,,;(Francis-Xavier,,[8]),,61©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[9],,,,;,,,,[10],,(),,,,,,[11],,(),,1648,,,,1648,,,,,,,206070,,2060,Glazer,(),,,,[12],2060,,1965,,(employ2mentequitymeasures),,[13],,,,,,2070,,2080,[14]:;;;,,,,206071©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[15],,;();,[16],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[17],,(),(),,,(HINDUSTANI),46.3%,165233[18]80%,,,[19],,,,89,21,6,49,2,1,10[20],155,287,,,,,,();,,,,,,;,[21],,,,,,,:81©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(qabaliyya)(qawmiyya),,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,(con2sociationaldemocracy)(),,(1943-75)(1955-69)[22],:;;;[23],,,,,,,moreno(,)moreniade(moreno),,,,[24],,[25],,,,,,,,,,(racerelationship)(ethnicgroups),(ethnicity)[26],,;,,,,,,,,91©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:[1],,,,,,,,,(frontiers)(borders):[].-[M].:,1998:4.[2](1)[M].:,1995:274-276.[3](1)[M].:,1995:274-276.[4]Connor19729.1%Connor,W(1972),Na2tion-buildingorNation-Destroying,WorldPolitics,24,pp.319-355.,,,,,,,[5][6]Wilma,194519,(26)73%;198950,(62)81%;199957,(70)81%WilmaA,Dunaway.EthnicConflictintheModernWorld-System:TheDialecticsofCounter-HegemonicResistanceinanAgeofTransition.JournalofWorld-SystemsResearch;Winter2003,Vol.9Issue1,p3-34.[7]DanielL.Byman,2001,keepingthepeace,lastingsolu2tionstoethnicconflicts.p106.BaltimoreandLondon:TheJohnsHopkinsUniversityPress.[8]JohnHutchinson,AnthonyD.Smith.1996.Ethnicity.p169.NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress.[9].?[J].,2002(14):59-62.[10]JohnHutchinson,AnthonyD.Smith.1996.Ethnicity.p279.NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress.[11]1989,:,,,,:Themakingofblackidentities’,inR.Samuel(ed.),1989,Patriotism:themakingandunmakingofBritishnationalidentity,p234-41LondonandNewYork:Routledge.[12]Walzer,M.1982,ThePoliticsofEthnicity,p27.Har2vardUniversityPress,CambridgeMass.[13]MontserratGuibernau,JohnRex.1997,TheEthnicityReader:Nationalism,MulticulturalismandMigration.p119.Cambridge:Politypress.[14],:White()BlackorAfricanAmerican()AmericanIndianandAlaskaNative()A2sian()NativeHawaiianandOtherPacificIsland2er()Someotherrace()[15],,Smooha,Sammy,andJohnE.Hofman.SomeProb2lemsofArab-JewishCoexistenceinIsrael.MiddleEastReview9,no.2(Winter1976-77):5-14.[16],.[J].,2008(1):11-16.[17]ZoltanD.BaranyandRobertG.Moser.2005.EthnicPoliticsAfterCommunism.p14.IthacaandLondon:CornellUniversityPress.[18],©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[19],.[J].,2008(3):67-74.[20]:=15&ID=371[21].[J].,2002(2):71-75.[22]DanielL.Byman,2001.keepingthepeace,lastingso2lutionstoethnicconflicts.P139-151.BaltimoreandLondon:TheJohnsHopkinsUniversityPress.[23]Lijphart,Arend.1977.DemocracyinPluralSocieties.p25-44.NewHaven:YaleUniversityPress.[24]JohnHutchinson,AnthonyD.Smith.1996.Ethnicity.P199.NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress1[25]CoraGoversandHansVermeulen.1997.Thepoliticsofethnicconsciousness.P280.London:PalgraveMacmil2lan.[26]Wade,P.1995,TheculturalpoliticsofblacknessinCo2lombia,AmericanEthnologist22(3):341-57.[]ViewingthedifferenceofnationalissuesandnationalgovernancefromtheperspectivesofthenationalandstatestructurestypeYANQing(CollegeofManagement,MinzuUniversityofChina,Beijing100081)Abstract:Itisthesovereigntythatendowsmoderncountrieswiththeindependencetoadministeranddealwiththeirownnationalissues,whilethenationalmattersandnationalstructuresofdifferentcountriesaredif2ferentfromeachother.Onthebasisofclassifyingnationalcountriesintoquasihomogeneousnationalcoun2tries,immigrantcountries,countriestransformedfromtraditionalempires,tribesorcountriesintegratingna2tionalities,thefocusofthisarticleistorevealthespaceandtimedifferencesinnationalissuesandnationalgovernance,throughclassifyingandcomparativeanalysis.Keywords:nationality,state;nationalissue;difference12