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课程名称：翻译理论与实践本科三年级第二学期汉英/英汉互译选材内容主讲教师苗菊1．TheNewBreedofaDigitalPlanetEmilyFeldisanativeofanewplanet.Whilethe20-year-olduniversitystudentmayappeartoliveinLondon,sheactuallyspendsmuchofhertimeinanothergalaxyoutthere,inthedigitaluniverseofwebsites,e-mails,textmessagesandmobilephonecalls.ThebehaviourofFeldandhergeneration,sayexpert,isbeingshapedbydigitaltechnologyasneverbefore,takingherboldlywherenogenerationhasgonebefore.Itmayevenbethenextstepinevolution,transformingbrainsandthewaywethink.“Oneday,Iwenttomeetafriendintown,andwasabouttwominutesawaywhenIrealisedI’dleftmymobilephoneathome.Itravelledthefivemilesbacktocollectit.Ifeltsocompletelylostwithoutit,Ipanicked.Ineedtohaveitonmeatalltimes...”That'swhatmakesEmilya“digitalnative”,onewhohasneverknownaworldwithoutinstantcommunication.2．泼水节泼水节是傣族的年节。按照傣历，它在清明节后四月十三日至十五日之间。泼水是傣族年节的主要喜庆活动。人们相互泼水，表示洗去身上一年的污尘，祝福新的一年幸福平安。泼水有文泼和武泼之分。文泼是对长者的，舀起一勺净水，说着祝福的话，拉开对方的衣领，让水沿着脊梁流下去，被泼的人高兴地接受祝福。武泼则没有固定的形式，用瓢、用盆、用桶都可以，互相追逐，迎头盖脸地泼。被人泼的水越多，说明受到的祝福越多，被泼的人也越高兴。TheWater-SplashingDayTheWater-splashingDayistheNewYearFestivaloftheDainationality.AccordingtotheDai’scalendar,itcomesaftertheTomb-sweepingDay,somedaybetweenApril13thandApril15th.SplashingwateristhemaincelebratingactivityattheNewYearFestivaloftheDainationality.Peoplesplashwateragainstoneanother,symbolizingtowashawaythewholeyear’smisfortuneandtowishforhealthandsafetyintheNewYear.Therearetwowaysofsplashingwater.Oneisgentlesplashing,whiletheotherisfreesplashing.Gentlesplashingisparticularlyfortheelderly.Withbestwishes,peoplescoopaladleofcleanwaterandopentheelder’scollartoletthewaterrundowntheback.Theelderlywhoissplashedaccepttheblessingshappily.Whereasfreesplashinghasnofixedform,sothatanytoolsuchasladle,basinandbucketareallallowedtobeused.Peoplechaseafteroneanotherandsplashwateragainsteachotherfreely.Ifoneissplashedwithmorewater,onefeelsallthemorehappy,foritindicatesreceivingthemostwishes.3.MNEThemultinationalenterprise(MNE),whichisalsocalledmultinationalcorporations(MNC),isoneofthemajoractorsinthecontemporaryinternationalarena,anditsworldwideoperationsarenowadecisiveforceinshapingthepatternsoftrade,investment,andtechnologyflowsamongnations.Themultinationalenterprisesystemhasbecomesoimportantthatitisimpossibletounderstandtheworldeconomywithoutanappreciationoftherolesofmultinationalenterprisesasproducers,investors,traders,andinnovatorsonaglobalscale.Nationalgovernmentsmustalsotakethisforceseriouslybecauseofitsimpactondomesticproduction,employment,trade,andthebalanceofpayments.Moreover,manygovernmentsviewthemultinationalenterprisesasapoliticalthreat,representinganintrusionintothenationaldomainbyacompanywhichiscontrolledbyaheadquarterslocatedinanothercountry.EvenintheUnitedStates,whichisthehomecountryofmorethanhalfoftheworld’sbiggestmultinationalenterprises,themultinationalenterprisehascomeundergrowingattackbylaborandprotectionistgroupswhochargeitwithexportingjobsandtechnologytothedetrimentoftheU.S.economy.Althoughmultinationalenterpriseemergedfromtheworldeconomicarenainthelate19thcentury,themultinationalenterpriseasweknowittodaydevelopedatanunprecedentedspeedduringthe1950sand1960s.Atthattime,dramaticimprovementsincommunicationsandtransportationandthemassiveliberalizationofinternationaltradeandpaymentsmadeitpossibleformultinationalenterprisetooperateonaglobalscale.跨国企业，也称跨国公司，是当今国际舞台上的主要角色之一。它们的世界性经营活动已经成为各国之间贸易、投资和技术流动格局的决定力量。跨国企业体系在世界经济中的地位日益重要，以至不认识跨国企业在全球范围内发挥的生产者、投资者、贸易商和创新者的作用，就无法理解世界经济。各国政府也必须认真对待这股力量，因为它对各国的生产、就业、贸易和国际收支的影响十分巨大。而且，许多国家的政府把跨国企业视为一种政治威胁，体现的是受设在别国总部控制的公司对自己国土的入侵。甚至在美国，拥有一半以上世界上最大的跨国企业的国家，跨国企业也受到劳工组织和其他保护主义团体日益增加的攻击，指责它们输出就业机会和技术，危害了美国经济。19世纪后期，跨国企业就已经出现在世界经济舞台上。但是我们今天所了解的跨国企业却是在本世纪50年代和60年代以前所未有的速度发展起来的。在50、60年代，通讯和交通奇迹般的改善、国际贸易和支付的大规模自由化，使得跨国企业能够在全球范围内从事经营活动。4.我可能是天津人(侯宝林)还是从火车上说起吧！大约在我四岁多的时候，我坐过火车。当时带我坐车的人，是我的舅舅，叫张全斌。我记得那时我的打扮挺滑稽的，穿着蓝布大褂、小坎肩，戴瓜皮小帽。那时候，小孩子打扮成那个样子，够不错了。在我的童年中，也就只有过这么一次。在火车上，因为小，没坐过火车，也很少见过家里以外的人，觉得挺新鲜。也许人在幼年时代终归想要些温暖吧！那时舅舅抱着我，哄着我，我觉得很温暖。一路上吃了半斤炒栗子，睡了一会儿觉，就到了北京。根据这个情况，现在估计起来，我可能是从天津来的。我现在对我原来的父母还有个模糊不清的印象，父亲、母亲的形象还能回忆起一点儿，但很模糊。究竟家里姓什么？哪里人？不知道。我只知道自己的生日和乳名。生日是自己长大以后听家里大人说的，是农历十月十五酉时生人。所以我的乳名叫“酉”，北京人爱用儿化韵，前面加个小，后面加“儿”，就叫“小酉儿”。关于我个人的历史情况，我就知道这一些，再多一点都记不起来了。ImighthavecomefromTianjin.HouBaolinLetmebeginwithmytriponthetrain.WhenIwasaboutfouryearsoldIhadtraveledbytrain.ThemanItraveledwithwasmyuncleZhangQuanbin.IstillrememberhowfunnyIlookedthewayIwasdressed—inablueclothgownwithashortsleevelessjacketoveritandaskullcaponthehead.Inthosedaysitwasgoodenoughforsmallkidstobedressedlikethat.However,itwasmyonlyexperiencetoboastaboutinmychildhood.AsIhadnevertraveledbytrainormetanyoneoutsidemyfamilybefore,Ifelteverythingonthetrainwasnewtome.Probablyinchildhood,onealwaysneedssomecomfort.Sittinginmyuncle’slap,beinghumoredalltheway,Iwasveryhappy.Weatehalfajinofroastchestnut,hadanapandsoonarrivedinBeijing.WiththehintsmentionedaboveIassumeImighthavecomefromTianjin.EventodayIcanrecollectwhatmyownparentslookedlikebut,ofcourse,myimpressionisblurry.Asforwhatmyfamilynamewasandwheremyparentscamefrom,Ireallydon’tknow.Ionlyremembert