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本科生毕业设计基于单片机的工厂智能运料小车学院电气（机电）工程学院专业电气工程及其自动化班级电气一班学号4702110014学生姓名侯东旭联系方式13137420711指导教师赵忠彪职称：讲师2015年5月14独创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业论文（设计）是本人在指导老师指导下取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以注释和致谢的地方外，论文（设计）中不包含其他人已经发表的研究成果。与本研究成果相关的所有人所做出的任何贡献均已在论文（设计）中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。签名：__________________________年______月_____日授权声明本人完全了解许昌学院有关保留、使用本科生毕业论文（设计）的规定，即：有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交毕业论文（设计）的复印件和磁盘，允许毕业论文（设计）被查阅和借阅。本人授权许昌学院可以将毕业论文（设计）的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编论文（设计）。本人论文（设计）中有原创性数据需要保密的部分为（如没有，请填写“无”）：学生签名：年月日指导教师签名：年月日基于单片机的智能运料小车摘要本文主要是为假发工厂的发制品智能运输而特别研制的一款针对性的运料小车，主要运用单片机技术。虽然现在许多现代企业提倡智能化，无人化，但是当前国内很多中小型企业车间依然还是人工的托运，因此，这款运料小车是由开发意义的，它的低成本、易操作、好上手等特点，是非常适合中小型企业的。本文选用的单片机是STC15F104W；红外反射传感器，在白路的黑色引导线的识别，实现信号的采集和模数转换（A/D）；L298N驱动芯片组成双H桥型控制直流电机，软件部分选用C语言程序，本课题的电路结构简单易懂，稳定性好，可靠性高，完成起来比较容易。关键词：智能运行；控制电路；单片机TheIntelligentMaterialTransportTrolleyBasedonMCUAbstractThepurposeofthispaperistowigfactoryhairproductsintelligenttransportationespeciallydevelopedaforthematerialtransporttrolley,themainuseofsingle-chiptechnology.Althoughnowmanypromotionofmodernenterpriseintelligence,unmanned,butthecurrentdomesticmanysmallandmediumenterprisesworkshopstillartificialchecked.Therefore,thismaterialtransporttrolleyisfromthemeaningofdevelopment,itslowcost,easyoperation,goodtogetstarted,characteristics,isverysuitableforsmallandmediumenterprises.ThispapermainlyusestheSTC15F104Wmicrocomputer;infraredreflectionsensor,blackonwhiteroadguidelinerecognition,toachievesignalacquisitionandanalogtodigitalconverter(A/D);driverL298NchipiscomposedofdualHbridgeDCmotorcontrol,softwareusingClanguageprogram,thecircuitstructureissimpleandeasytounderstand,goodstability,highreliability,completeeasier.Keywords:intelligentoperation;electriccontrol;single-chipmicrocomputer目录1绪论..................................................................................................................................................11.1智能运料小车概述.................................................................................................................11.1.1运料小车发展历程.....................................................................................................11.1.2智能运料小车的分类.................................................................................................21.1.3智能运料小车的应用.................................................................................................21.2智能运料小车的关键技术.....................................................................................................32.智能运料小车的整体设计规划.......................................................................................................52.1整体规划.................................................................................................................................52.1.1系统基本流程.............................................................................................................52.1.2小车的具体构成.........................................................................................................52.2确定总体规划.........................................................................................................................63.硬件设计部分.....................................................................................................................................73.1单片机电路.............................................................................................................................73.1.1单片机的功能特性描述.............................................................................................73.1.2晶振电路.....................................................................................................................73.1.3复位电路.....................................................................................................................73.2.1传感器分布...................................................................................................................83.3电机驱动电路部分.................................................................................................................93.3.1L298N引脚结构..........................................................................................................93.3.2电机驱动原理...........................................................................................................104.软件规划部分...................................................................................................................................124.1软件规划流程................................................................................................................................125.整体测试.........................................................................................................................................135.1硬件部分...............................................................................................................................135.2软件部分...............................................................................................................................13结论...............................................................................................