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直接引语和间接引语MichaelPhelps“Ihavealongbodyandlongarms,agiftandloveforswimming.”Phelpssaidhehadalongbodyandlongarms,andagiftandloveforswimming.“Ireceivea5-hourtrainingeveryday.”Phelpssaidhereceiveda5-hourtrainingeveryday.“Ialwaysdesiretobethewinner,towingoldmedalsandtobreakworldrecords.”Phelpssaidhealwaysdesiredtobethewinner,towingoldmedalsandtobreakworldrecords.“Oneofmyfavoritethingsistocompetewiththebestswimmersintheworld.”Phelpssaidoneofhisfavoritethingswastocompetewiththebestswimmersintheworld.•直接引语：•直接引用别人的原话,并在原话前后加引号。•例：Hesaid:Itistoolate.•间接引语：•用自己的话转述他人的话,多数以宾语从句的形式构成。•例：Hesaiditwastoolate.直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的变化1.句式结构上的变化1）.陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接,that无实际意义，可省略。例:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.didn’tsheSarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.2）.一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要加连词if或whether。“Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?”,theyaskedhim.Theyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.3）.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导。Theyaskedhim“Whendoyouharvestthewheat?”Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.2.时态变化•直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致.1）主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。Hesays:Iboughtyouabookyesterday.”Hesaysthatheboughtmeabookyesterday.2）.当主句为过去时，从句要跟着相应变化,变化如下：••••••••一般过去时•过去进行时•过去完成时•过去将来时•过去完成时•不变•不变往前推一个时态•1.“Iamverygladtovisityourschool”,shesaid.•Shesaidthatshewasverygladtovisitourschool.•2.Tomsaid,“Wearelisteningtothepopmusic.”•Tomsaidthattheywerelisteningtothepopmusic.•3.Motherasked,“HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV?”•MotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.4.Heaskedtheconductor,“WhereshallIgetofftochangetoaNo.3bus?”HeaskedtheconductorwherehewouldgetofftochangetoaNo.3bus.••5.“Whydidsherefusetogothere?”theteacherasked.•Theteacheraskedwhyshehadrefusedtogothere.注意：•1.直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。例如：•Teachersaidtous:Themoonmovesroundtheearth.•Teachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth.•2.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。例如：•Shesaid:IwenttoEnglandin1998.”•ShesaidshewenttoEnglandin1998.•直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间接引语时，人称要做相应调整。例如：•直接引语Shesaid:“Iamhungry。”•间接引语Shesaidshewashungry.•直接引语Mumsaidtome:“Youcancleanyourbedroomtomorrow.”•间接引语MumtoldmethatIcouldcleanmybedroomthenextday.3.人称的变化“一主、二宾、三不变”.Mr.Smithsaid，“Heisagoodworker.’’•Mr.Smithsaidthathewasagoodworker.4.其他变化直接引语间接引语陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句祈使句that引导if/whether引导原疑问词引导ask/toldsbtodosth.1.主句为现在时态2.主句为过去时态时态不变往前推一个时态第一人称第二人称第三人称与主句主语人称一致与主句宾语人称一致不变……句式结构时态人称其他语序疑问句陈述句语序Homework将下列句子变为间接引语1.“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”hisfathersaidtohim.2.Mr.Wangsaid,“IwillleaveforShanghaionbusinessnextmonth,children.”3.“Ihaven’theardfrommyparentsthesedays,”saidMary.4.Thegeographyteachersaidtous,“ThemoonmovesaroundtheearthandtheEarthgoesroundthesun.”5.ZhangHongsaidtome,“DoctorWangpassedawayin1948.”6.Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”7.“Whereareyougoing?”thefatheraskedhisson.8.“Areyousorryforwhatyouhavedone?”themotheraskedthenaughtyboy.9.Shesaid,“Didyoumeetthismanatthestationtwohoursago,MrLi?”10.Shesaid,“Didyoumeetthismanatthestationtwohoursago,Mr.Li?”11.“Willyougototheconcertwithmethisevening?”Maryaskedme.12.“Whatdidyoudohereyesterday?”theoldmanaskedmybrother.