流体力学专业词汇

流体力学专业词汇(VocabularyofFluidMechanics)CHAPTER-1acceleration加速度averagevelocity平均速度Bernoulli伯努力boundarylayer边界层calculus微积分coefficientofviscosity粘性系数compressible(incompressible)(不)可压的conservationofmass(momentum,energy)质量(动量,能量)守恒continuum连续介质control-volume控制体density(massperunitvolume)密度differential微分dimension量刚尺度dynamics动力学Euler欧拉eulerian(lagrangian)methodofdescription欧拉(拉格郎日)观点，方法fieldofflow流场flowpattern流型（谱）fluidmechanics流体力学function函数inertia惯性,惯量integral积分kinematics运动学kinetic(potential,internal)energy动(势,内)能Lagrange拉格郎日liquid流体Newtonianfluids牛顿流体(non)linear(非)线性(non)uniform（非）均匀one-dimensional一维pathline迹线perfect-gaslaw理想气体定律pressure压力压强Reynolds雷诺shear(normal)stress剪(正)应力solution解答statics静力学steady(unsteady)(非)定常strain应变streamline(tube)流线(管)thermalconductivity热传导thermodynamics热力学variable变量vector矢量velocitydistribution速度分布velocityfield速度场velocitygradient速度梯度viscous(inviscid)(无)粘性的volumerateofflow体积流量CHAPTER-2absolute(gage,vacuum)pressure绝对（表，真空）压力areamomentofinertia惯性面积矩atmosphericpressure大气压力barometer气压计bodyforce体力Cartesian[rectangular]coordinates直角坐标（系）centroid质心elliptic椭圆的equilibrium平衡horizontal水平的hydrostatic水静力学，流体静力学hyperbolic双曲线的mercury水银moment矩parabolic抛物线plane(curved)surface平（曲）面plate板pressurecenter压力中心pressuredistribution(gradient)压力分布（梯度）reservoir水库rigid-body刚体scalar标量specificweight比重surfaceforce表面力vertical垂直的,直立的CHAPTER-3Bernoulliequation伯努力方程Boundaries边界Conservationofmass质量Controlvolume控制体Energy(hydraulic)gradeline能级线Flux流率Freebody隔离体Heattransfer热传到Imaginary假想Inlet,outlet进、出口Integrand被积函数Jetflow射流Linear(Angular)-momentumrelation线（角）动量关系式Momentum(energy)-flux动量（能量）流量Netforce合力Noslip无滑移Nozzle喷嘴Rateofwork功率Reynoldstransporttheorem雷诺输运定理Shaftwork轴功Stagnationenthalpy制止焓Surroundings外围System体系Timederivative时间导数Vectorsum矢量合Venturitube文图里管Volume(mass)flow体积（质量）流量Volume(mass)rateofflow体积（质量）流率CHAPTER-4Soomth平滑Laminar层流Transition转捩Roughness粗糙度Randomfluctuations随机脉动Reynoldsnumber雷诺数（Re）Instability不稳定性Breakdown崩溃Meanvalue平均值Drag阻力OsborneReynoldsDyefilament染色丝Internal(external)flow内(外)流Cartesian笛卡坐标Infinitesimal无限小localacceleration当地加速度dotproduct点乘totalderivative全导数convectiveacceleration对流加速度substantial(material)derivative随体(物质)导数operator算子partialdifferentialequation偏微分方程Newtonianfluid牛顿流体Navier-StokesEquationsN-S方程Second-order二阶Similarity相似Nondimensionalization无量纲化Flat-plateboundarylayer平板边界层Thermalconductivity热传导Heatflow热流量Fourier’slaw傅立叶定律CouetteFlow库塔流动Channel槽道Parallelplates平行平板Pressuregradient压力梯度No-slipcondition无滑移条件Poiseuilleflow伯肖叶流动Parabola抛物线Wallshearstress壁面剪应力Prandtl普朗特Karman卡门Momentum-integralrelation动量积分关系Momentumthickness动量厚度Skin-frictioncoefficient壁面摩擦系数Displacementthickness排移厚度Blasiusequation布拉修斯方程Coordinatetransformation坐标变换Compositedimensionlessvariable组合无量纲变量Shapefactor形状因子Velocityprofile速度剖面流体动力学fluiddynamics连续介质力学mechanicsofcontinuousmedia介质medium流体质点fluidparticle无粘性流体nonviscousfluid,inviscidfluid连续介质假设continuousmediumhypothesis流体运动学fluidkinematics水静力学hydrostatics液体静力学hydrostatics支配方程governingequation伯努利方程Bernoulliequation伯努利定理Bernonllitheorem毕奥-萨伐尔定律Biot-Savartlaw欧拉方程Eulerequation亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtztheorem开尔文定理Kelvintheorem涡片vortexsheet库塔-茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowskicondition布拉休斯解Blasiussolution达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembertparadox雷诺数Reynoldsnumber施特鲁哈尔数Strouhalnumber随体导数materialderivative不可压缩流体incompressiblefluid质量守恒conservationofmass动量守恒conservationofmomentum能量守恒conservationofenergy动量方程momentumequation能量方程energyequation控制体积controlvolume液体静压hydrostaticpressure涡量拟能enstrophy压差differentialpressure流[动]flow流线streamline流面streamsurface流管streamtube迹线path,pathline流场flowfield流态flowregime流动参量flowparameter流量flowrate,flowdischarge涡旋vortex涡量vorticity涡丝vortexfilament涡线vortexline涡面vortexsurface涡层vortexlayer涡环vortexring涡对vortexpair涡管vortextube涡街vortexstreet卡门涡街Karmanvortexstreet马蹄涡horseshoevortex对流涡胞convectivecell卷筒涡胞rollcell涡eddy涡粘性eddyviscosity环流circulation环量circulation速度环量velocitycirculation偶极子doublet,dipole驻点stagnationpoint总压[力]totalpressure总压头totalhead静压头statichead总焓totalenthalpy能量输运energytransport速度剖面velocityprofile库埃特流Couetteflow单相流singlephaseflow单组份流single-componentflow均匀流uniformflow非均匀流nonuniformflow二维流two-dimensionalflow三维流three-dimensionalflow准定常流quasi-steadyflow非定常流unsteadyflow,non-steadyflow暂态流transientflow周期流periodicflow振荡流oscillatoryflow分层流stratifiedflow无旋流irrotationalflow有旋流rotationalflow轴对称流axisymmetricflow不可压缩性incompressibility不可压缩流[动]incompressibleflow浮体floatingbody定倾中心metacenter阻力drag,resistance减阻dragreduction表面力surfaceforce表面张力surfacetension毛细[管]作用capillarity来流incomingflow自由流freestream自由流线freestreamline外流externalflow进口entrance,inlet出口exit,outlet扰动disturbance,perturbation分布distribution传播propagation色散dispersion弥散dispersion附加质量addedmass,associatedmass收缩contraction镜象法imagemethod无量纲参数dimensionlessparameter几何相似geometricsimilarity运动相似kinematicsimilarity动力相似[性]dynamicsimilarity平面流planeflow势potential势流potentialflow速度势velocitypotential复势complexpotential复速度complexvelocity流函数streamfunction源source汇sink速度[水]头velocityhead拐角流cornerflow空泡流cavityflow超空泡supercavity超空泡流supercavityflow空气动力学aerodynamics低速空气动力学low-speedaerodynamics