大学英语精读2课文

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Aheateddiscussionaboutwhethermenarebraverthanwomenissettledinaratherunexpectedway.关于男人是否比女人更勇敢的一场激烈争论以一种颇为出人意料的方式解决了。Unit1TheDinnerPartyMonaGardner晚宴莫娜·加德纳IfirstheardthistaleinIndia,whereitistoldasiftrue—thoughanynaturalistwouldknowitcouldn'tbe.LatersomeonetoldmethatthestoryappearedinamagazineshortlybeforetheFirstWorldWar.Thatmagazinestory,andthepersonwhowroteit,Ihaveneverbeenabletotrackdown.我最初听到这个故事是在印度,那儿的人们今天讲起它来仍好像确有其事似的——尽管任何一位博物学家都知道这不可能是真的。后来有人告诉我,在第一次世界大战之前不久,一家杂志曾刊登过这个故事。但登在杂志上的那篇故事以及写那篇故事的人,我却一直未能找到。ThecountryisIndia.Acolonialofficialandhiswifearegivingalargedinnerparty.Theyareseatedwiththeirguests—officersandtheirwives,andavisitingAmericannaturalist—intheirspaciousdiningroom,whichhasabaremarblefloor,openraftersandwideglassdoorsopeningontoaveranda.故事发生在印度。某殖民地官员和他的夫人正举行盛大的晚宴。筵席设在他们家宽敞的餐室里,室内大理石地板上没有铺地毯;屋顶明椽裸露;宽大的玻璃门外便是走廊。跟他们一起就坐的客人有军官和他们的夫人,另外还有一位来访的美国博物学家。Aspiriteddiscussionspringsupbetweenayounggirlwhosaysthatwomenhaveoutgrownthejumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouseeraandamajorwhosaysthattheyhaven't.席间,一位年轻的女士同一位少校展开了热烈的讨论。年轻的女士认为,妇女已经有所进步,不再像过去那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上;少校则不以为然。Awoman'sreactioninanycrisis,themajorsays,istoscream.Andwhileamanmayfeellikeit,hehasthatouncemoreofcontrolthanawomanhas.Andthatlastounceiswhatreallycounts.他说:“一遇到危急情况,女人的反应便是尖叫。而男人虽然也可能想叫,但比起女人来,自制力却略胜一筹。这多出来的一点自制力正是真正起作用的东西。”TheAmericandoesnotjoinintheargumentbutwatchestheotherguests.Ashelooks,heseesastrangeexpressioncomeoverthefaceofthehostess.Sheisstaringstraightahead,hermusclescontractingslightly.Shemotionstothenativeboystandingbehindherchairandwhisperssomethingtohim.Theboy'seyeswiden:hequicklyleavestheroom.那个美国人没有参加这场争论,他只是注视着在座的其他客人。在他这样观察时,他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。她两眼盯着正前方,脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势,对他耳语了几句。男仆两眼睁得大大的,迅速地离开了餐室。Oftheguests,noneexcepttheAmericannoticesthisorseestheboyplaceabowlofmilkontheverandajustoutsidetheopendoors.在座的客人中除了那位美国人以外谁也没注意到这一幕,也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的走廊上。TheAmericancomestowithastart.InIndia,milkinabowlmeansonlyonething—baitforasnake.Herealizestheremustbeacobraintheroom.Helooksupattherafters—thelikeliestplace—buttheyarebare.Threecornersoftheroomareempty,andinthefourththeservantsarewaitingtoservethenextcourse.Thereisonlyoneplaceleft—underthetable.那个美国人突然醒悟过来。在印度,碗中的牛奶只有一个意思——引蛇的诱饵。他意识到餐室里一定有条眼镜蛇。他抬头看了看屋顶上的椽子——那是最可能有蛇藏身的地方——但那上面空荡荡的。室内的三个角落里也是空的,而在第四个角落里,仆人们正在等着上下一道菜。这样,剩下的就只有一个地方了——餐桌下面。Hisfirstimpulseistojumpbackandwarntheothers,butheknowsthecommotionwouldfrightenthecobraintostriking.Hespeaksquickly,thetoneofhisvoicesocommandingthatitsilenceseveryone.他首先想到的是往后一跳,并向其他人发出警告。但他知道这样会引起骚乱,致使眼镜蛇受惊咬人。于是他很快讲了一通话,其语气非常威严,竟使得所有的人都安静了下来。Iwanttoknowjustwhatcontroleveryoneatthistablehas.Iwillcountthreehundred—that'sfiveminutes—andnotoneofyouistomoveamuscle.Thosewhomovewillforfeit50rupees.Ready!“我想了解一下在座的诸位到底有多大的克制能力,我数三百下——也就是五分钟——你们谁都不许动一动。动者将罚款五十卢比。准备好!”The20peoplesitlikestoneimageswhilehecounts.Heissaying...twohundredandeighty...when,outofthecornerofhiseye,heseesthecobraemergeandmakeforthebowlofmilk.Screamsringoutashejumpstoslamtheverandadoorssafelyshut.在他数数的过程中,那二十个人都像一尊尊石雕一样端坐在那儿。当他数到“……二百八十……”时,突然从眼角处看到那条眼镜蛇钻了出来,向那碗牛奶爬去。在他跳起来把通往走廊的门全都砰砰地牢牢关上时,室内响起了一片尖叫声。Youwereright,Major!thehostexclaims.Amanhasjustshownusanexampleofperfectself-control.“你刚才说得很对,少校!”男主人大声说。“一个男子刚刚为我们显示了从容不迫、镇定自若的范例。”Justaminute,theAmericansays,turningtohishostess.Mrs.Wynnes,howdidyouknowthatcobrawasintheroom?“且慢,”那位美国人一边说着一边转向女主人。“温兹太太,你怎么知道那条眼镜蛇是在屋子里呢?”Afaintsmilelightsupthewoman'sfaceasshereplies:Becauseitwascrawlingacrossmyfoot.Unit2LessonsfromJeffersonBruceBliven杰斐逊的遗训布鲁斯·布利文ThomasJefferson,thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates,maybelessfamousthanGeorgeWashingtonandAbrahamLincoln,butmostpeoplerememberatleastonefactabouthim:hewrotetheDeclarationofIndependence.美国第三任总统托马斯·杰斐逊也许不像乔治·华盛顿和亚伯拉罕·林肯那样著名,但大多数人至少记得有关他的一件事实:是他写的《独立宣言》。AlthoughJeffersonlivedmorethan200yearsago,thereismuchthatwecanlearnfromhimtoday.Manyofhisideasareespeciallyinterestingtomodernyouth.Herearesomeofthethingshesaidandwrote:虽然杰斐逊生活在二百多年以前,但我们今天仍可以从他身上学到很多东西。他的许多思想对当代青年来说特别有意义。下面就是他讲过和写过的一些观点:Goandsee.Jeffersonbelievedthatafreemanobtainsknowledgefrommanysourcesbesidesbooksandthatpersonalinvestigationisimportant.Whenstillayoungman,hewasappointedtoacommitteetofindoutwhethertheSouthBranchoftheJamesRiverwasdeepenoughtobeusedbylargeboats.Whiletheothermembersofthecommitteesatinthestatecapitolandstudiedpapersonthesubject,Jeffersongotintoacanoeandmadeon-the-spotobservations.自己去看。杰斐逊认为,一个自由的人除了从书本中获取知识外,还可以从许多别的来源获得知识;他认为,亲自做调查是很重要的。在他还很年轻的时候,他就被任命为一个委员会的成员,去调查詹姆斯河南部支流的水深是否足以通行大型船只。委员会的其他成员都坐在州议会大厦内研究有关这一问题的文件,而杰斐逊却跳进一只独木舟去做现场观测。Youcanlearnfromeveryone.BybirthandbyeducationJeffersonbelongedtothehighestsocialclass.Yet,inadaywhenfewnoblepersonseverspoketothoseofhumbleoriginsexcepttogiveanorder,Jeffersonwentoutofhiswaytotalkwithgardeners,servants,andwaiters.JeffersononcesaidtotheFrenchnobleman,Lafayette,Youmustgointothepeople'shomesasIhavedone,lookintotheircookingpotsandeattheirbread.Ifyouwillonlydothis,youmayfindoutwhypeoplearedissatisfiedandunderstandtherevolutionthatisthreateningFran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