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Inpairs,lookatthesepicturesanddiscusswhichonesarenaturalclonesandwhichonesareman-made.Thinkabouthowtheydiffer.DollythesheepIt’sthemostfamoussheepintheworld.DoyouknowhowDollyisdifferentfromothersheep?Shewasclonedwhiletheotherswerebornnaturally.Itisthecopyofanothersheep.Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?Icanseeastrawberryplantproducingrunnersinanaturalformofcloning.Whocutthestemofftheplant?Agardener.Thegardenerisgoingtoputitintoapottoproduceanotherplant.Heisactuallymakingacopyoftheplant.Whatdoyouknowabouttwins?Therearetwinsofthesamesexandthoseofdifferentsexes.Thetwinshereareidenticalinsexandappearanceandaregoodexamplesofnaturalclones.Theycarrythesamegeneticinformation.Thefertilizedegghassplitintotwowhileinsidethemother,andsoproducedtwoidenticalhumanbabies.Arethefollowingclonesthesame?Ifnot,whatisthedifference?No.Thefirsttwoareman-madeclones.Theresttwoarenaturalclones.Questionsaboutcloning:1.Whatisaclone?Acloneisananimalorplantproducednaturallyorartificiallyfromthecellsofanotheranimalorplantandisexactlythesameasit.2.Howisacloneproduced?Thecloningofplantsissimpleandrelativelyeasy.Itcanbedonebytakingcuttings(man-madecloning)orlettingtheplantproduceitsownrunners(naturalcloning).Thecloningofanimalsismorecomplicated.Itwasnotachieveduntil1996andisfullyexplainedinthefirstreading.3.Whatbenefitscanhumansgainfromcloning?1)Medicalcloningcanhelpcureseriousillnessesthatruinone’squalityoflife(suchasParkinson’sdisease帕金森症orAlzheimer’sdisease老年痴呆症).2)Itcanhelpinfertilepeoplehavebabies.4.Whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?1)Peoplemaywanttoclonethemselvessotheycanliveforever.2)Peoplemaywanttoclonedeadchildren.3)Peoplemaywanttoclonetheirfavoritepets.Thetextismainlyaboutthe1._________ofanimalcloningandthelifeofDollythesheep,aswellasthereasonswhycloningisstill2.___________.controversialprocedureReadthetextquicklyandcompleteitsmainidea.Readthroughthepassageandfindthemainideaofeachparagraph.Cloningisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.Cloninghastwomajoruses.ThebirthanddeathofDolly.TheeffectofDolly.Itisforbiddentoclonehumanbeings.Para1.Para2.Para3.Para4.Para5.Readthetextcarefullyandfillintheblanks.DefinitionCloningisawayofmaking____________ofanotheranimalandplant.Majorusesofcloning•Gardenersuseitto_______commercialquantitiesofplants.•Itisvaluableforresearchonnewplantspeciesandfor_______researchonanimals.anexactcopyproducemedicalAboutDollythesheep◆Encouragingnews:Dollyseemedtodevelop________.◆Disturbingnews:Dollylivedonlysixandahalfyears,halfthelengthofthelifeofthe_______sheep,becauseofseriousillnesseswhichweremoreappropriatetoa________________.normallyoriginalmucholderanimalChoosethebestanswer.1.AsforthecloningprocedureofDollythesheep,allofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT_____.A.thelambisthecloneofthedonatedcellfromsheepBB.electricityisneededC.femalesheepBprovidesaneggcellD.threefemalesheepareusedC2.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthat_____.A.cloningwillcometoanendbecauseofobjectionsB.clonedhumanbeingswillbeproducedinthenearfutureC.manycountrieswillusecloninginawisewayD.alltheresearchintohumancloningwillbeforbiddenCA.Removethecell'snucleus.B.Waituntiltheeggcellwithitsnewnucleusgrowsintoanembryo.FReadthepartofthetextdescribingtheprocedureofcloningDollythesheep,andputthefollowingeventsinthecorrectorderaccordingtotheprocedure.C.Removethenucleusfromafemalesheep’seggcell.D.Puttheembryointoanotherfemalesheep.E.Aclonedlambisproduced.F.Takeacellfromthesheepyouintendtoclone.G.Putthecell’snucleusintothefemalesheep’scell.C→F→A→G→B→D→ELookatthesepictures,anddiscussthisquestionwithyourpartner.Iscloningpeopleagoodthingorabadthing?1.克隆技术现在还不成熟,克隆人可能有很多先天性生理缺陷。2.克隆人的身份难以认定,他们与被克隆者之间的关系无法纳入现有的伦理体系。3.克隆技术有可能被滥用,成为恐怖分子的工具。4.从生物多样性上来说,大量基因结构完全相同的克隆人,可能诱发新型疾病的广泛传播,对人类的生存不利。1.“不让我们克隆人,就是不让我们修正我们的错误,人类历史难道能够这样构造吗？”—《纽约时报书评》2.“当然应该‘克隆’人,如果谁第一个掌握了这个技术,他就是我真正的、也是唯一的竞争对手。”—比尔·盖茨3.“克隆人绝对是科学上了不起的进步,克隆技术必将创造21世纪的辉煌。”—麻省理工学院教授约翰·布洛克4.“人体商业化是人类经济活动中无与伦比的成就,毫无疑问,克隆技术的出现将为世人创造一个最为广泛和深远的市场。”—英国《经济学家》杂志Doyouknowabouttheprocedureworksofasheep?Reproductivecloningisintendedtoproduceac___ofanexistinga_____oraplant.Reproductivecloningofanimalsisa______fortechnologyandfarmingaswellasforcloninge_________animals.Butreproductivecloningofhumanbeingsisspecificallyf________bylawinmostc_______.opynimalndangeredllowedorbiddenountriesTherapeutic(治疗的)cloningistoproduceahealthycopyofas___person’stissue(肌肉组织)ororganfortransplantinordertosavethelivesofthosewhowouldd___withoutit.Thist________wouldbemanytimesbetterthanr______onorgantransplantsfromotherpeople.Thetissueororganwouldhavethesickperson’soriginalDNA.ickieechniqueelyingFinishactivities1,2and3onPage12.